Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P43026 (lipopolysaccharide)
 62,215 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of the study was to evaluate the function of monocytes in children with leukemias and lymphomas based on the expression of critical costimulatory, activatory and adhesion molecules (CD80, CD86, HLA-DR and CD54 = ICAM-1), estimated with tricolor flow cytometry. In comparison to the control group we found a lower percentage of monocytes with costimulatory molecules (CD80 before and CD86 after lipopolysaccharide stimulation) at the time of diagnosis and of monocytes with HLA-DR molecules after remission induction. We also noted a lower percentage of monocytes with HLA-DR expression in the group with severe or therapy resistant infections. The results of our investigation suggest some defect in costimulation and antigen presentation in lymphoproliferative diseases in children.
Acta Biochim Pol 2004
PMID:Monocytes in children with leukemias and lymphomas -- down-regulation of HLA and costimulatory molecules. 1562 79

To evaluate the role of leukotoxin (LKT) of Mannheimia haemolytica and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of E. coli 055:B5 in pathogenesis of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) we investigated their in vitro effects on cultured bovine neutrophils. Functional parameters of neutrophils including degranulation, generation of superoxide, and nitric oxide were distorted in response to both toxins. The most essential reaction of neutrophils was found in respect to release of elastase after addition of LKT as well as LPS at concentration of 300 microg/ml. Moreover, we observed an increased release of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and alkaline phosphatase (ALK-P) from polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) after addition of LKT and LPS. We also found enhanced superoxide generation by bovine neutrophils after exposure to different concentrations of LKT and LPS. In cultures of PMN treated with LKT, concentration of nitrite increased with growing concentrations of LKT. Lower values of nitrite were obtained in cultures exposed to LPS. Partial lysis of PMN, determined by LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) leakage, started at concentration of 300 microg/ml for both toxins, meanwhile LKT concentration above 300 microg/ml was lethal. Our study has revealed that neutrophils in response to both toxins exaggerate release of analysed substances, which participate in worsening the course of the disease and play a role in lung injury during BRD. Toxins introduced to the cultural medium stimulate release of studied constituents from neutrophils by combined activation and lysis of neutrophils.
Pol J Vet Sci 2005
PMID:Effect of leukotoxin of Mannheimia haemolytica and LPS of E. coli on secretory response of bovine neutrophils in vitro. 1598 28

The aim of the study was to determine, using the rat model, whether uterine infections cause an increase in cytokine concentrations in peripheral blood, and whether this increase is accompanied by changes in the pituitary-ovarian axis function. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1beta, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, prolactin, progesterone, testosterone and estradiol-17beta in blood plasma as well as the weight of the uterus were determined after intrauterine infusion of lipopolysaccharide (15 microg), peptidoglycan (1 mg) and Escherichia coli (10(6) cfu) suspension on the day of metaestrus. On days 3, 7 and 10 after treatment the rats were sacrificed to collect the blood samples. Inflammation of uterus and vaginal discharge developed in all rats after treatment. The administration of lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan and Escherichia coli induced considerable changes in ovarian cyclic activity, mainly diestrus was observed. Application of all these factors resulted in an increase (P<0.05, P<0.01) of plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1beta, mainly on day 3 and 7. In the rats receiving pathological factors, the plasma levels of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, prolactin and estradiol-17beta decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01) whereas progesterone and testosterone increased (P<0.05). These results indicate that in rats, the developing inflammatory process of the uterus following lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan and Escherichia coli infusions is connected with an increase of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1beta concentrations in peripheral blood, and is accompanied by changes in the pituitary-ovarian axis function.
Pol J Vet Sci 2005
PMID:The effect of intrauterine infusion of inflammation-provoking factors on proinflammatory cytokines and hormones in rat peripheral blood. 1638 51

Costimulation between T cells and antigen-presenting cells is required for adaptive immune responses. CD40, a costimulatory molecule, is expressed in macrophages and microglia. The aberrant expression of CD40 is involved in human diseases including multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and Alzheimer's disease. CD40 expression is induced by a variety of stimuli, including IFN-gamma and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In this study, we describe the molecular basis by which IFN-beta, a cytokine with immunomodulatory properties, regulates CD40 gene expression. IFN-beta induces CD40 expression in macrophages and microglia at the transcriptional level, and GAS elements in the CD40 promoter are required for IFN-beta-induced CD40 promoter activity. The critical role of signal transducers and activators of transcription-1alpha (STAT-1alpha) in this response was confirmed by utilizing primary microglia from STAT-1alpha deficient mice. IFN-beta induces suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS-1) gene expression, which inhibits cytokine signaling by inhibiting activation of STAT proteins. The ectopic expression of SOCS-1 abrogates IFN-beta-mediated STAT-1alpha activation and inhibits IFN-beta-induced CD40 expression. IFN-beta-induced recruitment of STAT-1alpha and RNA Pol II and permissive histone modifications on the CD40 promoter are also inhibited by SOCS-1 overexpression. These novel results indicate that IFN-beta-induced SOCS-1 plays an important role in the negative regulation of IFN-beta-induced CD40 gene expression.
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PMID:IFN-beta-induced SOCS-1 negatively regulates CD40 gene expression in macrophages and microglia. 1657 71

The sensitivity of bacteria to the bactericidal activity of serum depends on the structure and organization of the bacterial outer membrane. Sialic acid has been found in the O-specific region of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and it plays an essential role in protecting Gram-negative bacteria against the bactericidal activity of human and animal serum. The susceptibility of Gram-negative bacilli with sialic acid-containing LPS to the bactericidal action of normal bovine serum (NBS) was determined. The examined strains (Escherichia coli O104 (PCM 270), E. coli O24 (PCM 195), E. coli O56 (PCM 2372), Citrobacter braakii O37 (PCM 2346) and Salmonella enterica ssp. enterica serovar Toucra O48 (PCM 2359) showed variable sensitivity to the bactericidal effect of the serum. The role of the mechanisms of complement activation in the killing process was also determined.
Pol J Microbiol 2006
PMID:Bactericidal activity of normal bovine serum (NBS) directed against some Enterobacteriaceae with sialic acid-containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS) as a component of cell wall. 1733 68

Mesorhizobium loti mutant 2213.1 derived from the wild-type strain NZP2213 by Tn5 mutagenesis showed impaired effectiveness of symbiosis with the host plant Lotus corniculatus (Turska-Szewczuk et al., 2007 Microbiol Res, in press). The inability of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) isolated from the mutant 2213.1 strain or de-O-acetylated LPS of the parental cells to inactivate phage A1 particles implicated alterations in the LPS structure. The O-specific polysaccharide of the mutant was studied by chemical analyses along with (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy, which clearly confirmed alterations in the O-chain structure. 2D NMR data showed that the mutant O-polysaccharide consists of a tetrasaccharide repeating unit containing non-substituted as well as O-acetylated or O-methylated 6-deoxytalopyranose residues. Additionally, an immunogold assay revealed a reduced number of gold particles on the mutant bacteroid cell surface, which could result from both a diminished amount of an O-antigenic determinant in mutant LPS and modifications of structural epitopes caused by alterations in O-acetylation or O-methylation of sugar residues. Western immunoblot assay of alkaline de-O-acetylated lipophilic M. loti NZP2213 LPS showed no reactivity with homologous serum indicating a role of O-acetyl groups in its O-specificity.
Acta Biochim Pol 2008
PMID:Alteration of O-specific polysaccharide structure of symbiotically defective Mesorhizobium loti mutant 2213.1 derived from strain NZP2213. 1821 7

To assess the humoral immunological responses at the IgG subclass level in yersiniosis specific antibody responses against lipopolysaccharide of Yersinia enterocolitica 03 (LPS) and Yersinia Yop proteins were analyzed by ELISA. Thirty five patients with arthritis and forty nine patients with uncomplicated yersiniosis were included in the study. Analysis of the IgG subclass responses to the LPS revealed that the subclass distribution for both groups of patients was IgG2>IgG1>IgG3. The concentration of IgG4 was below detection level. The predominant antibody responses to Yop proteins were IgG1>IgG3>IgG2>IgG4 but the frequency of detection of particular IgG subclass antibodies were dependent on the age of patients. Generally, the frequency of occurrence of IgG2 antibodies for Yop proteins of Yersinia together increased with age reaching its peak among individuals aged above 40 years. On the other hand, IgG1 for Yop proteins and IgG3 for Y. enterocolitica LPS were diagnosed more often in serum samples obtained from children than from adults. We also found significantly higher frequency of IgG4 to Yop proteins of Y. enterocolitica in men than in women.
Pol J Microbiol 2007
PMID:Serum immunoglobulin IgG subclass distribution of antibody responses to Yop proteins and lipopolysaccharide of Yersinia enterocolitica in patients with yersiniosis. 1825 92

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are formed as a result of physiologic cellular metabolism and although they are essential for signalization they also, when produced in excess, contribute to the pathogenesis of many diseases. This paper is an attempt to summarize the role of ROS in the development of septic shock. At the beginning scavengers that counteract the excessive action of ROS are discussed. In the next part, the problem of how the presence of lipopolysaccharide changes the cellular metabolism into production of proinflammatory agents, leading to the patient's death, is discussed.
Pol Merkur Lekarski 2007 Oct
PMID:[Reactive oxygen species and vascular hyporeactivity in septic shock. Part II--scavengers and vascular hyporeactivity in septic shock]. 1829 52

In the present work general characteristics and occurrence of TLR receptors have been presented. The participation of TLR receptors in kidney pathology in experimental models in the course of urinary system infection, acute renal failure and interstitial fibrosis has been discussed. In addition, the importance of TLRs in various forms of glomerular nephritis and in haemodialytic patients as well as in postrenal-transplant patients has been shown. It is believed that in lipopolysaccharide-induced renal failure in the course of infections caused by Gram negative bacteria TLR4 plays a fundamental role. In the event of damage of renal tubular epithelial cells by mechanical, toxic, or ischemic factors activation of TLRs induces inflammatory processes leading to acute renal failure. In the course of progressive fibrosis of renal interstitial tissue TLR 2 and 4 receptors are stimulated, which results in the fact that immunological and structural cells of renal tissue release chemokines and cytokines, which causes increased inflow of leucocytes and intensification of interstitial nephritis and progressive fibrosis. The study on experimental models on mice MLR (mixed lymphocyte reaction) with genetically conditioned lupus-like disease showed that, CpG-DNA stimulation as a TLR 9 specific agonist intensifies inflammatory symptoms in mice. Similarly in apoferritin induced glomerulopathy (model of immune complex disease) CpG-DNA nucleotide increased glomerulopathy symptoms. It has been proved that activation of mechanisms of inherent immunity through TLR4 receptors affects the frequency and intensity of acute rejections in human organ transplantations. Incidence of acute kidney and lung [transplant rejections was significantly lower in recipients with mutated variants of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4 Asp 299Gly and TLR-4-Tyr399-IIe).
Pol Merkur Lekarski 2007 Nov
PMID:[Toll-like receptors (TLR) in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases]. 1836 25

Rhodiola quadrifida (Rq) roots and rhizomes are traditionally used in Asia as a tonic, adaptogen, antidepressant and anti-inflammatory drug. The aim of this work was to study the in vivo effect of aqueous and 50% hydro-alcoholic extracts of Rq rhizomes on some parameters of cellular immunity in mice and rats. The metabolic activity of blood phagocyting cells was determined based on the measurement of intracellular respiratory burst after stimulation by PMA in RBA test. Potential bactericidal activity of phagocyting cells was determined in isolated blood leukocytes stimulated with killed microorganisms, according to the PKA test. Proliferative response of lymphocytes stimulated by mitogen concanavaline A (ConA) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were determined by MTT assay. Both extracts stimulated granulocytes activity in vitro and increased lymphocyte response to mitogens. The ability of parental strain mice lymphocytes to induce local cutaneous graft-versus-host reaction (GVH) in F1 hybrids was stimulated by 50% hydro-alcoholic extract only.
Pol J Vet Sci 2008
PMID:The effect of Rhodiola quadrifida extracts on cellular immunity in mice and rats. 1868 38


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