Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P43026 (lipopolysaccharide)
 62,215 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were developed for direct measurement of protein HC-IgA complexes (HC-IgA) in serum with antibody specificity for rabbit IgG (rheumatoid factor (RF) activity), lipopolysaccharide from Yersinia enterocolitica serotype O:3 (Y3) and tetanus toxoid (TT). About 80% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis had increased concentrations of HC-IgA-RF. The values were correlated with the concentrations of IgA-RF and IgM-RF. HC-IgA anti-Y3 was measured in 45 sera with anti-Y3 antibodies of IgM, IgG and IgA class. The HC-IgA anti-Y3 levels were correlated with those of anti-Y3 of IgG and IgM class, but not of IgA class. For HC-IgA anti-Y3, the closest correlation was that with the specific IgM antibody concentration, rs = 0.63 (p less than 0.001). In 25 normal sera, significant correlations were observed between HC-IgA anti-TT and specific antibodies of IgG and IgA class, but not of IgM class. In 107 sera containing IgA M-components, the total concentration of HC-IgA correlated poorly with both protein HC and with IgA concentrations. It was concluded that specific HC-IgA antibodies are normal constituents of serum, and that their concentrations are not directly related to the serum content of specific IgA antibodies.
 ...
PMID:HC-IgA antibodies of different specificities are normally present in serum: quantitation by ELISA and relationship to the major Ig classes. 169 May 57

A live oral vaccine consisting of attenuated Salmonella typhi Ty21a expressing Vibrio cholerae O1 Inaba lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O antigen was constructed and tested in volunteers for safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy. Fourteen adults ingested three doses of 10(10) viable organisms with buffer. One month later, 8 vaccinees and 13 unimmunized controls were challenged with 10(6) pathogenic V. cholerae O1 E1 T or Inaba organisms. No significant adverse reactions to vaccination were observed. All volunteers had significant rises in serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody to S. typhi LPS. Only 2 (14%) of 14 had significant rises in serum IgA or IgG antibody to Inaba LPS, and 5 (36%) of 14 had fourfold rises in vibriocidal antibody. In the challenge study, diarrhea occurred in 13 of 13 controls and 6 of 8 vaccinees (vaccine efficacy, 25%; P = 0.13). The vaccine significantly reduced the severity of the clinical illness (P less than 0.05) and caused decreased excretion of challenge vibrios (P less than 0.05). Although the typhoid-cholera hybrid vaccine did not provide significant protection overall against experimental cholera, this study demonstrates the importance of antibody to V. cholerae O antigen in ameliorating clinical illness and illustrates the use of an S. typhi carrier vaccine strain expressing a foreign antigen.
 ...
PMID:Safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy against cholera challenge in humans of a typhoid-cholera hybrid vaccine derived from Salmonella typhi Ty21a. 169 7

A number of human monoclonal antibodies (HmAb) recognizing type-specific determinants expressed by the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and by the capsular polysaccharide (CPS) of Klebsiella were generated for potential treatment of nosocomial infections. The goal is to administer these type-specific HmAb prophylactically as a "cocktail" providing broad coverage. Lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL) secreting HmAb recognizing P. aeruginosa LPS, toxin A or Klebsiella CPS were obtained by Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) transformation of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from donors immunized with either a polyvalent Klebsiella CPS or P. aeruginosa O-polysaccharide-toxin A conjugate vaccine. LCL secreting antibodies of the desired specificities were fused to a heteromyeloma cell line. Stable clones were selected by limiting dilution. Hybridomas secreting IgM HmAb which recognized P. aeruginosa Habs serotype 3 and 4 and all 7 Fisher immunotypes were isolated. All were able to prevent fatal experimental P. aeruginosa sepsis in mice when passively transferred. In addition, 4 lines secreting IgG HmAb which neutralize the cytotoxic activity of toxin A were characterized. IgM and IgA secreting hybridoma cells with specificity for Klebsiella CPS of 22 different serotypes were also isolated. Preliminary studies indicate that these HmAb are opsonic.
 ...
PMID:Human monoclonal antibodies to Pseudomonas aeruginosa type-specific lipopolysaccharides, toxin A and Klebsiella capsular polysaccharides. 169 65

Secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) plays a role in defense against Vibrio cholerae and other microorganisms that infect mucosal surfaces, but it is not established whether sIgA alone can prevent disease. We report here a strategy for identifying the antigen specificities of monoclonal sIgA antibodies that are capable of providing such protection. IgA hybridomas were generated from Peyer's patch lymphocytes after oral immunization with V. cholerae Ogawa 395. A clone was selected that produced dimeric monoclonal IgA antibodies directed against an Ogawa-specific lipopolysaccharide carbohydrate antigen exposed on the bacterial surface. Hybridoma cells were used to produce subcutaneous "backpack" tumors in syngeneic mice, resulting in secretion of monoclonal sIgA onto mucosal surfaces. Neonatal mice bearing anti-lipopolysaccharide hybridoma backpack tumors were specifically protected against oral challenge with 100 50% lethal doses of virulent Ogawa 395 organisms. Thus, the IgA hybridoma backpack tumor method identifies protective epitopes in the mucosal system and demonstrates that a single monoclonal sIgA can be sufficient to protect against intestinal disease.
 ...
PMID:New model for analysis of mucosal immunity: intestinal secretion of specific monoclonal immunoglobulin A from hybridoma tumors protects against Vibrio cholerae infection. 170 46

The immunogenicity of the live oral hybrid vaccine organism Salmonella typhi Ty21a/V. cholerae Inaba (EX210) following its growth in media containing variable concentrations of supplemental galactose was examined in human volunteer subjects. The local intestinal IgA-specific antibody responses to both typhoid and cholera lipopolysaccharide (LPS) preparations were determined. It was observed that the immunogenicity of the galactose-independent Vibrio cholerae O antigen in vivo was dependent upon the variation in galactose-dependent long chain S. typhi O antigen production which was directly proportional to the media galactose concentration. It is likely that this observation was a result of steric hindrance of the presentation of the V. cholerae O antigen by S. typhi Ty21a in the presence of the longer, immunodominant S. typhi Ty21a O antigen. This observation may have relevance to the use of S. typhi vectors in vaccine development involving the presentation of LPS-associated heterologous antigens.
 ...
PMID:In vivo evidence of immunological masking of the Vibrio cholerae O antigen of a hybrid Salmonella typhi Ty21a-Vibrio cholerae oral vaccine in humans. 171 10

Murine B cells have been shown to possess substance P (SP) receptors, but their functional and biological significance remains unresolved. While previous studies have suggested that SP can induce B cells to secrete Ig, the effect could be indirect since mixed cultures were used. In order to assess directly the ability of SP to trigger normal B cells, we have studied the effects of this neuropeptide on purified splenic B cells in vitro. Although an activation, e.g. lipopolysaccharide (LPS), was required, the functionality of the B cell SP receptors was clearly shown by the ability of subnanomolar concentrations of this neuropeptide to augment antibody secretion in a dose-dependent fashion. Specifically, IgM and IgG levels, determined by an isotype-specific sandwich ELISA, were greatly enhanced at 10(-10) M SP by as much as 500 and 572% respectively, while IgA levels were only modestly affected. Even picomolar concentrations of SP could significantly increase IgM levels. This observed enhancement of Ig production was SP specific since B cells co-cultured in the presence of excess SP antagonist were reduced to basal LPS-stimulated Ig levels. Furthermore, this synergistic stimulation by SP and LPS upon normal B cells could not be attributed to SP-induced cell proliferation since stimulatory concentrations of SP were not mitogenic and at high concentrations could inhibit cell proliferation. Rather, it was observed that the increased IgM and IgG secretion was in part attributable to a greater number of B cells secreting antibodies as demonstrated with an ELISPOT assay.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Neuroimmune modulation of lymphocyte function--I. Substance P enhances immunoglobulin synthesis in lipopolysaccharide activated murine splenic B cell cultures. 172 93

The isotype-specific antibody responses in serum and in nasal and pulmonary lavage fluids of swine following aerosol immunization with an attenuated strain of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 1, strain CM5A, was investigated. The presence of immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgA, and IgM with specificities for capsular polysaccharide, lipopolysaccharide, and hemolysin was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay by using purified antigens. Strain CM5A induced serum antibodies of each isotype to the three antigens. The serum antibody response was sustained and typical of persistent antigenic stimulation. The specific IgM response decreased and the specific IgG response increased after challenge with strain CM5. IgA specific for the three antigens was detected in nasal secretions from all immune pigs, whereas specific IgG could only be detected in samples contaminated with blood. Both IgA and IgG specific for each of the antigens were detected in pulmonary lavage samples. There was no significant increase in specific IgA in nasal secretions; however, levels of lipopolysaccharide-specific and hemolysin-specific IgG and IgA in pulmonary secretions rose after aerosol challenge with strain CM5. Passive transfer of immune swine serum resulted in protection against pleuropneumonia and in levels of specific serum IgG which were similar to those in actively immunized pigs. It is concluded that specific serum IgG antibodies are important in protection from porcine pleuropneumonia.
 ...
PMID:Protective local and systemic antibody responses of swine exposed to an aerosol of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 1. 173 Apr 79

A 30% burn injury has been previously reported to impair mitogenic response of splenocytes to a B-lymphocyte mitogen and to affect serum levels of serum class-specific immunoglobulin. To further investigate the effect of burn injury on the function of B lymphocytes in gut-associated and systemic immune tissues, we studied class-specific immunoglobulin synthesis by cultured lymphocytes from spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes after burn injury in rats. Male Lewis rats received 30% full-thickness burn injuries, and 4 days later, the animals were killed to remove spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes. The cells from spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes were cultured for 5 days with 25 micrograms/ml of lipopolysaccharide. Concentrations of immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, and IgA in the supernatant of each well were then measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for class-specific immunoglobulin. Synthesis of IgG by lymphocytes from spleen was statistically significantly impaired by burn injury (p less than 0.05), but synthesis of IgG by lymphocytes from mesenteric lymph nodes was not affected. There were no significant differences in IgM and IgA synthesis by lymphocytes from spleen between burned animals and controls. The immunoglobulin synthesis in mesenteric lymph nodes did not differ significantly in burned animals compared with controls. The impaired IgG synthesis by lymphocytes from spleen may contribute to increased risk of infection after burn injury.
 ...
PMID:Immunoglobulin synthesis by cultured lymphocytes from spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes after thermal injury. 175 84

When highly purified human and murine B cells are challenged in vitro with certain so called "T cell-independent" activators such as the polyclonal B cell activator lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or the clonally specific B cell activator dinitrophenyl-conjugated polymerized flagellin (DNP-POL), mouse, but not human, cells differentiate into immunoglobulin-secreting cells. However, results from this study show that DNP-POL can cause human B cell differentiation in a T cell-independent manner when the antigen is concentrated onto the cells via artificially incorporated palmitate-modified anti-DNP mouse IgA molecules. This response is comparable in magnitude to that induced by a T cell-dependent polyclonal B cell activator, pokeweed mitogen, in unfractionated mononuclear cell cultures, suggesting that DNP-POL induced polyclonal B cell differentiation. DNP-POL binding to the artificial receptor molecules on B cells did not cause cellular proliferation, even in unfractionated mononuclear cell populations. These results are similar to those obtained in previous studies using mouse B cells in which the artificial receptor was unable to act as a transmembrane signaling element. From these studies, we conclude that B cells express clonally unrestricted, presumably low-avidity, endogenous receptor for POL, and that signaling through this receptor activates B cell differentiation but not cell proliferation.
 ...
PMID:Antigen activation of human B lymphocytes bearing artificial antigen receptors. 176 7

Development of antibody titres in non-vaccinated children with whooping cough of different duration (all confirmed by positive culture) were investigated by ELISA using lymphocytosis promoting factor (LPF, pertussis toxin), filamentous haemagglutinin (FHA), 69 kDa protein and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as antigens. The antibody responses occur in three different patterns: Firstly, the LPF antibody response develops very quickly starting with the first day of clinical cough with all three classes, IgG, IgM and IgA appearing simultaneously; LPF antibody appears to be a dominant feature. Secondly, FHA and 69 kDa antibodies appear, starting as IgM with the shift to IgG and IgA later. The third pattern is represented by LPS antibody, the IgA appearing early, but with IgM predominant. Higher titres of IgG reacting with LPS were observed in vaccinated children. Transplacental transfer of antibody was also studied. All antibody titres determined in maternal blood and cord blood were proportional except for anti-LPS antibody which was retarded. Most IgG antibody was IgG1 subclass; surprisingly the 69 kDa antibody consisted of a mixture of approx. 90% IgG1 and 10% IgG4.
 ...
PMID:Analysis of antibody profiles in children with whooping cough. 177 18


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>