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Query: UNIPROT:P43026 (lipopolysaccharide)
 62,215 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A dinitrogen-fixing Pseudomonas sp. was isolated from the roots of the grass Deschampsia caespitosa. The motile organism, which had 4 to 10 polar flagella, was gram negative, obligately aerobic, oxidase positive, arginine dihydrolase positive, and fluorescent. To verify API20B, API20E, and Oxi-Ferm identifications, as well as results from standard microbiological tests and electron microscopic examinations, which all indicated the organism to be a Pseudomonas, we analyzed its lipopolysaccharide. The lipopolysaccharide contained neutral sugars, phosphorus, heptose, hexosamine, 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate, and fatty acids, which were dodecanoic, 3-hydroxydecanoic, 2-hydroxydodecanoic, and 3-hydroxydodecanoic acids. Both the qualitative and quantitative compositions resembled known data of the genus Pseudomonas. Dinitrogen fixation, determined as C2H2 reduction in semisolid medium, was supported by several carbon sources including malate and glucose. The N2 fixation activity was decreased if the oxygen concentration of the gas phase was lowered to one-tenth of atmospheric concentration. The highest specific nitrogenase activity recorded was 954 nmol C2H4/mg bacterial protein per hour, which is about 30% of that noted for Azospirillum lipoferum used as reference.
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PMID:Morphological and physiological characteristics and lipopolysaccharide composition of N2-fixing (C2H2-reducing) root-associated Pseudomonas sp. 665 78

Mild hydrolysis of Haemophilus influenzae type a lipopolysaccharide by ion exchangers yielded a lipid A extracted by chloroform. It contained phosphorus, glucosamine, and fatty acids. Myristic, palmitic, 3-hydroxymyristic, and oleic acids and two other unidentified long-chain fatty acids were found. The free lipid A was not toxic for mice at doses of up to 50 mg/kg and did not provoke a Shwartzman reaction. The Limulus test activity was positive up to 10(-12) g/ml, but the pyrogenicity in rabbits was lower than with the original lipopolysaccharide. However, the lipid A did induced a mitogenic response and polyclonal B-cell activation in mouse spleen cell cultures. Complexing lipid A with bovine serum albumin gave a nontoxic preparation which lost these immunological activities. Immunochemical studies showed that the major reactive determinants of this lipid-protein complex were altered after such a linkage. Consequently, the nontoxic and mitogenic lipid A isolated from H. influenzae type a did not exhibit all of the classical activities of lipid A preparations.
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PMID:Characteristics of a lipid preparation (lipid A) from Haemophilus influenzae type a lipopolysaccharide. 679 Apr 42

A phenol-water extract of Listeria monocytogenes virulent strains 9-125 (serotype 4b) was purified by 3 cycles of ultracentrifugation. The purified extract reacted positively in Limulus amoebocyte lysate assay at a concentration of 1 microgram/ml. This value was 1,000 times higher than that for Salmonella abortus equi lipopolysaccharide. The phenol extract was toxic to chicken embryos (median lethal dose was 40.5 micrograms) and contained carbohydrates (heptose, hexose, hexosamine, methylpentose, 2-keto-3-deoxyoctanate, dideoxyhexose), lipid, 16 amino acids in the protein moiety, glucosamine, galactosamine, phosphorus, and ribonucleic acid.
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PMID:Purification and further characterization of phenol extract from Listeria monocytogenes. 679 38

A high molecular component of a saline extract derived from Listeria monocytogenes contained amino acids, carbohydrates, and phosphorus. The same fraction was capable of promoting both the in vitro mitogenic and adjuvant activities and the in vivo immunosuppressive activity displayed by the crude extract. The material was mitogenic to B but not to T lymphocytes in vitro. Responses to sheep and horse erythrocytes as well as to lipopolysaccharide were suppressed. Immunosuppression was dose dependent and was present at 1, 2, or 3 days but absent 7 days after injection. Both primary and secondary responses to sheep erythrocytes were impaired.
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PMID:Immunosuppression, nonspecific B-cell activation, and mitogenic activity associated with a high molecular weight component from Listeria monocytogenes. 682 Mar 30

1. Freeze-fracture electron microscopy and 31P-NMR spectroscopy on native and electrodialyzed lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli K12 cells, both above and below the phase transition temperature, are described. 2. Freeze-fracture electron microscopy of native lipopolysaccharide shows ribbon-like structures below (0 and 22 degrees C) and large vesicles above (37 degrees C) the phase transition temperature. Electrodialyzed lipopolysaccharide (sodium salt) occurs in ribbon-like structures at 0, 22 and 37 degrees C if sodium lipopolysaccharide is hydrated in water. If sodium lipopolysaccharide is hydrated in Tris-HCL/NaCl buffer these ribbon-like structures occur only below the phase transition temperature. Above the phase transition temperature stacked sheets are observed. Moreover, in the latter case, the fracture planes contain particles and pits. Upon etching, sodium lipopolysaccharide when hydrated in water appears to form rods and when hydrated in buffer appears to form mainly stacked lamellae both above (37 degrees C) and below (0 degrees C) the phase transition temperature. 3. High resolution 31P-NMR spectra show that the chemical shifts of the phosphorus atoms in native lipopolysaccharide differ from those in electrodialyzed lipopolysaccharide, probably due to conformational and compositional (the disappearance of ions and (poly)electrolytes) changes. The 31P-NMR spectra of native lipopolysaccharide dispersed in Tris-HCL/NaCl buffer are very broad at 20 and at 40 degrees C indicating little motion. At 22 degrees C electrodialyzed lipopolysaccharide also gives a broad spectrum; at 40 degrees C the spectrum is narrower, indicating more motion, and two peaks are visible. After dispersion in H2o and subsequent addition of buffer, the spectrum of electrodialyzed lipopolysaccharide is narrow both at 20 and 40 degrees C, which can be correlated with the rods observed in freeze etching. After treatment with Ca2+, electrodialyzed lipopolysaccharide shows a very broad spectrum at 40 degrees C probably due to immobilization of the lipopolysaccharide. 4. Freeze-fracture electron microscopy and 31P-NMR spectroscopy of liposomes consisting of native lipopolysaccharide and total phospholipids indicate that the phospholipids and the lipopolysaccharide are mainly organized in bilayers. Lipopolysaccharide in such liposomes undergoes more motion than in the absence of phospholipids. Ca2+ does not influence this behaviour.
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PMID:31P nuclear magnetic resonance and freeze-fracture electron microscopy studies on Escherichia coli. II. Lipopolysaccharide and lipopolysaccharide-phospholipid complexes. 699 Sep 86

The anomeric configurations of the reducing terminal glucosamine and 4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose phosphates in lipopolysaccharide from Salmonella minnesota R595 have been determined by nuclear magnetic resonance. Chemical shifts for the anomeric protons were obtained by selective decoupling of the phosphorus spectrum and proton-proton coupling constants by polarization transfer from protons to phosphorus. In both cases, the phosphate is attached to the sugar in an axial orientation.
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PMID:Configurations of glycosidic phosphates of lipopolysaccharide from Salmonella minnesota R595. 715 May 77

An extract from the seeds of Persea americana possessed an erythro-agglutinating activity. The agglutinin was devoid of specificity for carbohydrates, but interacted readily with basic proteins or basic polyamino acids. The interaction between the agglutinin and egg-white lysozyme was not inhibited by chaotropic salts, but was sensitive to relatively low concentrations of urea. An affinity chromatographic procedure was developed in an effort to purify the agglutinin. Products from the chromatographic procedure were found not to contain higher specific agglutinating activities than the crude extract. Amino acid acid analyses of the extract showed the presence of relatively high proportions of glutamic and aspartic acids. In addition, the extract contained phosphorus and a visible chromophore. The agglutinin was resistant to detergents and denaturants, and proteases, nucleases, and other enzymes. The results suggest that, as opposed to other plant agglutinins, the active component from Persea is not a protein. Similarly, in contrast to many lectins, the agglutinin from Persea was not mitogenic for mouse lymphocytes. The agglutinin partially inhibited the mitogenesis of lymphocytes when the cells were treated with concanavalin A, or with bacterial lipopolysaccharide.
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PMID:Lectin-like activity from Persea americana. 735 11

An endotoxin was isolated from Capnocytophaga sputigena strain 4 by a modification of the hot phenol-water method. The extraction procedure yielded a lipopolysaccharide which accounted for approximately 1.5% of the dry weight of the cells. The material was composed of 18.6% lipid (as C(15) fatty acid), 46.5% neutral sugar including 9.6% hexose, 18.3% 6-deoxy sugar, 1.0% 2-keto-3-deoxy sugar, and 4.8% heptose. Hexosamine, protein, and phosphorus were found in quantities amounting to 9.0, 2.9, and 2.0% of the dry weight, respectively. No pentose or nucleic acid was detected. Acid hydrolysis resulted in the release of the constituent sugars and the formation of an insoluble precipitate. The lipopolysaccharide was tested for numerous biological activities characteristic of endotoxins. The pyrogenicity was relatively low; the fever index 40 was 17 mug, and 10 mug was required to give the characteristic biphasic fever response. The toxicity of the extract was very low, with a 50% chicken embryo lethal dose of 15.6 mug and a 50% mouse embryo lethal dose of greater than 8 mg. Similarly, the C. sputigena endotoxin had modest effects on leukocytes when compared with endotoxin standards from other organisms. The extract exhibited little or no mitogenicity when tested on mouse spleen lymphocytes. It was not toxic to human peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocytes and caused the release of only a small (13%) portion of lysosomal enzymes. Although the C. sputigena lipopolysaccharide caused significant activation of mouse peritoneal macrophages, the dose required was twice that of an Escherichia coli endotoxic standard. However, the Limulus amoebocyte lysate clotting activity of the lipopolysaccharide was comparable to that of an Serratia marcescens lipopolysaccharide standard, and passive hemagglutination tests revealed that 1 mug of the lipopolysaccharide was capable of sensitizing 1 ml of a 2% sheep erythrocyte suspension for agglutination with an antiserum prepared against C. sputigena whole cells.
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PMID:Biological and chemical characterization of endotoxin from Capnocytophaga sputigena. 735 28

A lipopolysaccharide was isolated from Pseudomonas fluorescens IMV 1152 (biovar I). The fractions of the structural moieties of lipopolysaccharide macromolecule were extracted and studied separately. 3-hydroxydecanoic, 3-hydroxydodecanoic and 2-hydroxydodecanoic fatty acids were identified in lipid A, total quantity of those was more than 80%. In acid hydrolysate of lipid A the glucosamine and phosphoethanolamine were found. The rhamnose, arabinose, glucose, glucosamine and phosphorus were identified as the components of core oligosaccharide fractions. A trisaccharide repeating unit of the O-cpecific polysaccharide chain consists of the residues of aminosugars: 4-acet-amido-4,6-dideoxy-D-galactose, 2-acetamido-2,6-dideoxy-D-glucose and 2-acetamido-2,6-dideoxy-L-glucose. The studied lipopolysaccharide resembled the structure of lipid A and core oligosaccharide with lipopolysaccharide from type strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens IMV 4125 (ATCC 13525), whereas their O-chains were different.
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PMID:[Characteristics of Pseudomonas fluorescens lipopolysaccharide]. 789 95

A substance, active as a B-cell mitogen, was isolated from the slime products produced by Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris KVS20. The mitogenic substance was prepared by anion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration chromatography and then purified by proteinase digestion and HPLC. Chemical analysis determined that the mitogenic substance was a phosphopolysaccharide and consisted of rhamnose, glucose, galactose, and phosphorus. The activity of the mitogenic substance was higher than that of the slime products. The optimal concentration for the activity was approximately 120 micrograms/ml. The mitogenic substance also had substantial mitogenic activity to spleen cells from C3H/HeJ mice, which are resistant to lipopolysaccharide. The findings indicated that a B-cell mitogen different from lipopolysaccharide is produced from L. lactis ssp. cremoris KVS20.
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PMID:B-cell mitogen produced by slime-forming, encapsulated Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris isolated from ropy sour milk, viili. 832 24


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