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Query: UNIPROT:P43026 (lipopolysaccharide)
 62,215 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Lipopolysaccharide isolated from Escherichia coli K-12 did not inactivate phage T4, although the cell envelopes with 1% sodium deoxycholate resulted in the release of cytoplasmic membrane proteins, 70% of the lipopolysaccharide, and almost all of the phospholipid. The reconstitution of phage receptor activity was achieved from deoxycholate-soluble and -insoluble fractions by dialysis against a solution of magnesium chloride. Lipopolysaccharide was the only essential component in the deoxycholate-soluble fraction. PhageT4-resistant mutants YA21-6 and YA21-82, having defects in the deoxycholate-soluble and -insoluble fractions, respectively, were isolated. The deoxycholate-soluble fraction of YA21-6 possessed heptoseless lipopolysaccharide, and this defect was responsible for the phage resistance. The deoxycholate-insoluble fraction of YA21-82 lacked outer membrane protein O-8. The addition of O-8 to this fraction together with the wild-type lipopolysaccharide resulted in the appearance of the receptor activity. Furthermore, the reconstitution was successfully achieved with only O-8 and the wild-type lipopolysaccharide, indicating that O-8 was an essential component in the deoxycholate-insoluble fraction.
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PMID:Role of lipopolysaccharide and outer membrane protein of Escherichia coli K-12 in the receptor activity for bacteriophage T4. 36 17

Long, swarming cells of Proteus mirabilis had different proportions of some lipopolysaccharide components when compared to short cells, either agar grown or broth grown. Fluorescence spectrophotometry of antibody binding, and sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated that the change was in the proportion of lipopolysaccharide with long O-antigenic sidechains, swarmer lipopolysaccharide relative to short sidechain lipopolysaccharide than the non-swarming cells. The proteins and phospholipids of the envelop remained the same during swarmer development. The results are discussed in relation to the increase in flagella synthesis and permeability to some antibacterial agents during swarmer development.
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PMID:Alterations in the cell envelope composition of Proteus mirabilis during the development of swarmer cells. 37 65

The outer membranes of the smooth Proteus mirabilis S1959 strain and its rough R13, R110, R51 and R45 mutants were isolated by sonication of the cells and sucrose density gradient centrifugation. The outer membrane of the rough strains had a lower density than that of their parent smooth strain, but the protein-to-phospholipid ratios were the same. The electrophoretic patterns of outer membrane polypeptides of the S and R strains in sodium dodecylsulfate/polyacrylamide gels were identical, with two major polypeptide bands, C1 and C2 (Mr 39,000 and 38,000) predominating. The C1 polypeptide band was a heat-modifiable polypeptide, which migrated as a band at Mr 33,000 when membranes were solubilized at 37 degrees C or 50 degrees C, and at Mr 39,000 when solubilization was at 100 degrees C. Susceptibility of outer membrane polypeptides to proteolytic digestion was found to be higher in isolated outer membrane preparations of the rough strains than in the smooth strain, suggesting that the availability of the polypeptide chains to proteolytic activity depends on the length of the polysaccharide chains of the outer membrane lipopolysaccharide.
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PMID:Outer membrane proteins of smooth and rough strains of Proteus mirabilis. 38 81

The high sensitivity of rough mutants of Salmonella typhimurium, S. minnesota, and Escherichia coli 08 (i.e. with defects in the carbohydrate core of the lipopolysaccharide) to several antibiotics and to the dye gentian violet could be substantially reduced by the addition of cations (Mg2+, Na+) into the growth medium. One heptoseless mutant of S. typhimurium (chemotype Re) and its isogenic smooth parent strain were studied in more detail. The uptake of gentian violet was about 20% in the smooth strain, about 60% in the Re strain grown without additional cations, but decreased to about 15% in the same strain, when cations had been present during growth. In all cases, almost 50% of the gentian violet taken up by the cells was membrane-bound. The total membranes of the Re strain grown in nutrient broth without additional Mg2+ ions were reduced in the 36K and 34K major outer membrane proteins compared with the smooth strain; when grown with added cations the Re total membranes (and even whole cells) did not revert to the protein pattern of the smooth strain.
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PMID:The influence of cations on the permeability of the outer membrane of Salmonella typhimurium and other gram-negative bacteria. 38 29

Outer membranes were isolated from several strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae by extraction of whole cells with aqueous lithium acetate. The preparations contained a limited number of components including lipopolysaccharide and two major proteins. One protein was present in all strains examined; the second, which showed anomalous behaviour on sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, was absent from some. Fluorescent labelling of intact N. gonorrhoeae showed that the two proteins and pili were the major surface proteins. Each of the three major outer membrane components was isolated in a homogeneous form by selective extraction followed by gel filtration.
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PMID:The surface of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: isolation of the major components of the outer membrane. 40 55

Bacteriophage E79 was shown to interact with the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAO. LPS isolated from an E79-sensitive, smooth strain inactivated the phage, exhibiting a Phl50 value (concentration of LPS that caused a 50% decrease in the titer of phage during 1 h of incubation at 37 degrees C) of 0.04 microgram/ml, whereas the LPS isolated from a rough mutant derived from the wild type showed no neutralizing activity towards E79. EDTA and sodium deoxycholate were demonstrated to abolish the neutralizing capacity of the smooth LPS. One E79 receptor site was shown to be equivalent to 10(-16) g of LPS.
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PMID:Identification of the cell wall receptor for bacteriophage E79 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAO. 40 13

Studies in our laboratory with both the monkey and the rat showed that, after three hours of endotoxemia, there was a significant decrease in the number of circulating platelets, total hemolytic complement (CH 50 units), and blood serotonin (5-HT) levels. Administration of dexamethasone sodium phosphate in the clinical dose range at the time of endotoxin challenge significantly attenuated the decrease in blood 5-HT levels when compared to the untreated groups in both the monkey and the rat experiments. In the monkey, CH 50 units remained at a higher level when dexamethasone was administered; however, the difference between the treated and untreated groups was not statistically significant. The number of circulating white blood cells and platelets did not appear to be significantly altered by corticosteroid treatment. It is suggested that glucocorticoids may interfere with lipopolysaccharide-induced alterations in complement components or factors regulating hemostasis that influence platelet 5-HT release.
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PMID:Endotoxin-challenged monkeys and rats. 41 99

The paper describes the preparation of the lipopolysaccharide from Salmonella abortus equi as obtained by standardized methods. The include the extraction with pehnol/water followed by phenol/chloroform/petroleum ether extraction, ultra-centrifugation, electrodialysis and conversion to the uniform sodium salt form. Chemical composition and physico chemical properties are described. The preparation, which is free from contaminants, was tested for local Shwartzman reactivity, pyrogenicity, lethal toxicity, mitogenicity, reactivity towards complement and tumoricidal action.
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PMID:Preparation and properties of a standardized lipopolysaccharide from salmonella abortus equi (Novo-Pyrexal). 45 65

A comparative study of various procedures of a lipopolysaccharide-protein complex (LPPC) from Yersinia pseudotuberculosis was carried out. The materials obtained were fractionated by molecular-sieve chromatography on Sepharose 2B resulting in highly aggregated complexes with antigen activity. LPPC aggregates dissociated in the presence of sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) and urea. The chemical composition and serologic properties of fractions obtained are under consideration. The protein component of the complex consists of two major polypeptides (molecular weights--45,000 and 20,000) and some minor ones. The LPS component appeared to give 2--3 narrow bands in gel under conditions of SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. It is suggested that such fractionation is caused by LPS association-dissociation in the course of electrophoresis.
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PMID:Studies on a lipopolysaccharide-protein complex from Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. 1 isolation and characterization. 54

The antiphagocytic antigen (antigen [a]) comprising the microcapsule of a strain of Campylobacter fetus subsp. intestinalis has been purified from culture supernatants by ammonium sulfate fractionation and free-flow electrophoresis. Antigen [a] is a glycoprotein containing about 4% carbohydrate consisting of hexose, pentose, and methylpentose. The composition of the protein was typical of bacterial extramural structural proteins in its low content of basic, aromatic, and sulfur-containing amino acids. The protein had a high content of aspartic acid, threonine, glycine, and alanine. Antigen [a] had an Rf of 0.33 on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and a molecular weight calculated in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of approximately 98,000. In contrast to its free form in culture supernatants, antigen [a] in vesicles derived from sheared cells appeared to exist in a complex with lipopolysaccharide. This complex could be dissociated by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid plus Triton X-100. A mutant strain that lacked a microcapsule, when incubated with soluble antigen [a] in a calcium medium, became agglutinable by monospecific [a] antiserum and showed an additional structural layer similar in appearance to the microcapsule on its cell wall. Points of similarity are emphasized between antigen [a] of C. fetus and the outer structural protein of the taxonomically related Spirillum serpens.
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PMID:Microcapsule of Campylobacter fetus: chemical and physical characterization. 73 Mar 87


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