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Query: UNIPROT:P43026 (lipopolysaccharide)
 62,215 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Good production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in the rabbit was obtained using Propionibacterium acnes IID 912 as a priming agent and subsequent administration of lipopolysaccharide. The physicochemical characteristics of rabbit TNF were very similar to those of murine TNF. The molecular weight of rabbit TNF was 39,000 as estimated by gel filtration, and 18,000 by SDS-PAGE. The isoelectric point was determined as pH 4.0 by isoelectric focusing. Rabbit TNF was stable within the pH range of 5.5 to 11.0, and was stable at 56 degrees C for 8 hr. It was digested by trypsin, pancreatic protease and elastase, but was resistant to neuraminidase. The amino acid sequence of rabbit TNF was determined as Ser-Ala-Ser-Arg-Ala-Leu- .... Monoclonal antibody against rabbit TNF completely inhibited both the in vivo and in vitro activity of rabbit TNF. However, this antibody could not inhibit the action of murine TNF. Antitumor activity of rabbit TNF was shown against murine and human cancer cells in vivo and in vitro, and rabbit TNF was also capable of distinguishing malignant cells from normal cells.
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PMID:Purification and partial amino acid sequence of rabbit tumor necrosis factor. 403 Jan 39

Studies of the lipopolysaccharide of Pseudomonas alcaligenes strain BR 1/2 were extended to the polysaccharide moiety. The crude polysaccharide, obtained by mild acid hydrolysis of the lipopolysaccharide, was fractionated by gel filtration. The major fraction was the phosphorylated polysaccharide, for which the approximate proportions of residues were; glucose (2), rhamnose (0.7), heptose (2-3), galactosamine (1), alanine (1), 3-deoxy-2-octulonic acid (1), phosphorus (5-6). The heptose was l-glycero-d-manno-heptose. The minor fractions from gel filtration contained free 3-deoxy-2-octulonic acid, P(i) and PP(i). The purified polysaccharide was studied by periodate oxidation, methylation analysis, partial hydrolysis, and dephosphorylation. All the rhamnose and part of the glucose and heptose occur as non-reducing terminal residues. Other glucose residues are 3-substituted, and most heptose residues are esterified with condensed phosphate residues, possibly in the C-4 position. Free heptose and a heptosylglucose were isolated from a partial hydrolysate of the polysaccharide. The location of galactosamine in the polysaccharide was not established, but either the C-3 or C-4 position appears to be substituted and a linkage to alanine was indicated. In its composition, the polysaccharide from Ps. alcaligenes resembles core polysaccharides from other pseudomonads: no possible side-chain polysaccharide was detected.
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PMID:Studies of the polysaccharide fraction from the lipopolysaccharide of Pseudomonas alcaligenes. 436 26

1. Qualitative and quantitative analytical results for the lipopolysaccharide from acetone-dried cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (N.C.T.C. 1999) are presented and possible contamination of the material with nucleic acid was further examined. 2. Additional sugars detected (only in large-scale hydrolysates) were mannose and arabinose; traces of spermidine and putrescine were also found. 3. The heptose component is l-glycero-d-mannoheptose. 4. The thiobarbituric acid-positive component is a 3-deoxy-2-octulonic acid, of which only 35-40% links lipid A to the polysaccharide. This linkage is not broken by hydrolysis with acetic acid up to 0.08m. 5. Liberation of lipid A required hydrolysis with 0.1m-hydrochloric acid, which substantially degraded the polysaccharide moiety. 6. Fractions obtained from the degraded polysaccharide by high-voltage electrophoresis were examined; in these, the alanine/galactosamine molar ratio is approx. 1. 7. Hydrazinolysis of whole lipopolysaccharide showed that at least 40% of the alanine is in amide linkage, possibly with galactosamine. 8. Lipid A, solubilized by alkaline methanolysis was fractionated; most of the phosphorus of the higher-molecular-weight fractions was released as P(i) by a phosphomonoesterase. 9. Hydrazinolysis of lipid A destroyed approx. 80% of the glucosamine, and glycosidically linked glucosamine oligosaccharides could not be isolated.
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PMID:Further studies of the chemical composition of the lipopolysaccharide of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 462 91

1. The insoluble residue and material present in the aqueous layers resulting from treatment of cell walls of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with aqueous phenol were examined. 2. The products (fractions AqI and AqII) isolated from the aqueous layers from the first and second extractions respectively account for approx. 25% and 12% of the cell wall and consist of both lipopolysaccharide and muropeptide. 3. The lipid part of the lipopolysaccharide is qualitatively similar to the corresponding material (lipid A) from other Gram-negative organisms, as is the polysaccharide part. 4. The insoluble residue (fraction R) contains sacculi, which also occur in fraction AqII. On hydrolysis, the sacculi yield glucosamine, muramic acid, alanine, glutamic acid and 2,6-diaminopimelic acid, together with small amounts of lysine, and they are therefore similar to the murein sacculi of other Gram-negative organisms. Fraction R also contains substantial amounts of protein, which differs from that obtained from the phenol layer. 5. The possible association or aggregation of lipopolysaccharide, murein and murein sacculi is discussed.
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PMID:The extraction of cell walls of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with aqueous phenol. The insoluble residue and material from the aqueous layers. 496 75

1. Lipopolysaccharide was isolated from both cell walls and acetone-dried whole cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (N.C.T.C. 1999). 2. Closely similar products are obtained, although that from whole cells cannot be completely freed from small amounts (2-7%) of residual nucleic acids. 3. The lipid moiety (23-33%) has a similar amino sugar backbone to that of lipids of enterobacterial lipopolysaccharides, but contains different hydroxy acids (2- and 3-hydroxydodecanoic acid and 3-hydroxydecanoic acid). 3-Hydroxytetradecanoic acid is absent, and 3-hydroxydodecanoic acid is the main N-acylating acid. No clear evidence permitting a distinction between the possibilities that phosphodiester or glycosidic linkages exist between the glucosamine residues was obtained. 4. Identifiable sugars (glucose, rhamnose, 3-deoxy-2-octulonic acid and heptose) account for less than 20% of the lipopolysaccharide, and alanine, galactosamine and fucosamine are apparently components of the polysaccharide moiety. 5. The polysaccharide moiety is unusual in that it is not readily obtained from the lipopolysaccharide by treatment with dilute acetic acid, which does, however, solubilize much of the phosphorus of the lipopolysaccharide. 6. The ;polysaccharide' fraction (approx. 21%) obtained by treatment with dilute acetic acid contains only a small proportion of the total polysaccharide components, and in one case only 45% of the fraction was accountable for in terms of identifiable components. 7. Evidence suggests that unidentified nitrogenous components are concentrated in the residual material after removal of both the lipid and the ;polysaccharide' fraction from the lipopolysaccharide.
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PMID:The chemical composition of the lipopolyacarideof Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 498 Mar 10

Chemically and serologically identical O-specific fractions were isolated from two different lipopolysaccharide (LPS) preparations of Proteus mirabilis O27. The release of a labile constituent in mild hydrolysis deprived those fractions of their serological activity. The compound was identified as N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and its terminal position in the molecule was established by methylation analysis. The non-carbohydrate constituent of the specific fractions: lysine and alanine are linked via their amino group. Terminal residues of N-acetylglucosamine, have to be considered as immunodeterminants of Proteus mirabilis O27. The role of other carbohydrate and non-carbohydrate constituents for the serological specificity of P. mirabilis O27 is discussed.
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PMID:Immunochemical studies on the O-specific side chains of the heterogeneous lipopolysaccharide from Proteus mirabilis O27. 618 57

Fermentor growth of Bacteroides fragilis under controlled conditions in a complex medium containing 1% glucose and 10% fetal calf serum resulted in high yields of bacteria. After hot phenol-water extraction of the organisms, capsular polysaccharide was isolated from the aqueous phase and purified by Sephacryl S-300 chromatography in a buffer with 3% sodium deoxycholate. Lipopolysaccharide was isolated by phenol-chloroform-light petroleum ether extraction. The capsular polysaccharide from B. fragilis strain NCTC 9343 contained six sugars: L-fucose, D-galactose, D- and L-quinovosamine, D-glucosamine, and galacturonic acid. The capsule of strain ATCC 23745 also contained D-glucose, L-fucosamine, L-rhamnosamine, and a 3-amino-3,6-dideoxyhexose but lacked D-quinovosamine. The latter capsule also contained alanine (4%). The capsular polysaccharides were different immunochemically by ELISA inhibition. The lipopolysaccharide of both strains contained the same sugars (L-rhamnose, D-glucose, D-galactose, and D-glucosamine) and fatty acids (13-methyl-tetradecanoic and 3-hydroxy-hexadecanoic and 3-hydroxy-15 methyl-hexadecanoic as major constituents) and were identical by ELISA inhibition.
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PMID:Capsular polysaccharides and lipopolysaccharides from two Bacteroides fragilis reference strains: chemical and immunochemical characterization. 618 69

Rabbit aortic smooth muscle cells cultivated with certain antisera underwent growth changes and necrosis. These cytotoxic antisera were obtained by immunizing rabbits against rat aorta, human or pig aortic glycoproteins, human serum glycoproteins and E. coli lipopolysaccharide. These different antigens share some biochemical characteristics, and contain four main amino acid residues (Glu, Ala, Asp, Gly) and four sugars (mannose, galactose, glucose, N-acetyl glucosamine). The cytolytic properties of these antisera, however, probably correspond to structural analogies, since although ovalbumin is a glycoprotein, anti-ovalbumin antiserum was not cytotoxic. Antibody cytotoxicity against rabbit arterial smooth muscle cells may depend on the biochemical structure of the antigen used to produce antiserum.
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PMID:In vitro immune aggression against rabbit aortic smooth muscle cells. 637 15

Structural studies have been carried out on the O-specific fraction from the lipopolysaccharide of Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCTC 8505, Habs serotype 03. The O-specific polysaccharide has a tetrasaccharide repeating-unit containing residues of L-rhamnose (Rha), 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose (GlcNAc), 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-L-galacturonic acid (GalNAcA), and 2,4-diacetamido-2,4,6-trideoxy-D-glucose (BacNAc2). The following structure has been assigned to the repeating-unit: leads to 3)Rhap(beta 1 leads to 6)GlcpNAc(alpha 1 leads to 4)GalpNAcA(alpha 1 leads to 3)BacpNAc2(alpha 1 leads to. The parent lipopolysaccharide is a mixture of S, R, and SR species, and its high phosphorus content is partly due to the presence of triphosphate residues, as found for other lipopolysaccharides from P. aeruginosa. In addition to phosphorus, heptose, a 3-deoxyoctulosonic acid, and amide-bound alanine, the core oligosaccharide contains glucose, rhamnose, and galactosamine (molar proportions 3:1:1). The rhamnose and part of the glucose are present as unsubstituted pyranoside residues: other glucose residues are 6-substituted.
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PMID:The lipopolysaccharide from Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCTC 8505. Structure of the O-specific polysaccharide. 640 10

Hemagglutinin (HAin) of Fusobacterium necrophorum was separated from the bacterial cells by trypsinization-sonication, and purified by the gel filtration on Sephadex G-100 column. The final product obtained from gel filtration gave one precipitin line in the immunodiffusion gel and produced a single band in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The molecular weight of the HAin was estimated to be about 19000 by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. It was heat labile and comparatively rich in alanine, glutamine and histidine. Electron microscopy observation revealed that the HAin was a filamentous rod with 0.5-1.0 nm width or frequently showed a cluster form. The hemagglutinability was inhibited by addition of albumins but not by sugars and lipopolysaccharide. Anti HAin rabbit serum inhibited hemagglutination.
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PMID:Purification and partial characterization of Fusobacterium necrophorum hemagglutinin. 644 9


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