Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P43026 (lipopolysaccharide)
 62,215 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Phase I Coxiella burnetii antigen isolated by phenol extraction from purified suspensions of C. burnetii in phase I is a complex lipopolysaccharide (LPS) molecule containing substances typical of the bacterial LPS. Some endotoxic properties of this C. burnetii LPS, namely pyrogenicity and skin epinephrine reaction in rabbits, hypothermia in white rats, lethal effect on chicken embryos or on actinomycin-D-treated mice are similar to those of LPS isolated from other Gram-negative bacteria.
 ...
PMID:Characterization of an endotoxic lipopolysaccharide from Coxiella burnetii. 0 71

We describe here the isolation, purification, and structural characterization of a lipid A precursor synthesized under nonpermissive conditions by a mutant of Salmonella typhimurium conditionally defective in the synthesis of the 3-deoxy-D-mannoctulosonate (2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate, KDO) region of the lipopolysaccharide. The precursor was isolated free from lipopolysaccharide, murein, and phospholipids by extraction of delipidated cells with 90% phenol/CHCL3/petroleum ether. The molecule was recovered from the phenol phase after precipitation of lipopolysaccharide with H2O and subsequently purified by DEAE-cellulose chromatography. Structural analyses showed that the lipid A precursor is a phosphorylated glucosamine disaccharide containing one ester and two amide-linked residues of beta-hydroxymyristate. In contrast to lipid A, the precursor disaccharide lacks ester-linked 12:0 and 14:0 fatty acids as well as KDO. The molecule contains 2 phosphate residues both of which were identified as phosphomonoesters by 31P NMR spectroscopy. One of the phosphomonoesters is located in position 1 of the reducing terminal glucosamine residue; the location of the other phosphomonoester was not determined. The structure of the precursor provides strong support for the conclusion that KDO incorporation occurs at an early stage in lipid A biosynthesis prior to the incorporation of ester-linked saturated fatty acids.
 ...
PMID:Lipid A mutants of Salmonella typhimurium. Purification and characterization of a lipid A precursor produced by a mutant in 3-deoxy-D-mannooctulosonate-8-phosphate synthetase. 1 8

A lipophilic thermostable lipopolysaccharide (LPS) complex was isolated by phenol extraction from purified suspensions of the typhus group rickettsiae. The LPS complex is antigenic and possesses some endotoxic properties such as toxicity for actinomycin D-treated mice, pyrogenicity for rabbits and guinea pigs, ability to elicit hypothermia in white rats and local Schwartzman reaction and active cutaneous anaphylaxis in rabbits.
 ...
PMID:Some biological properties of an endotoxic lipopolysaccharide from the typhus group rickettsiae. 2 40

It was initially reported that lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-unresponsive C3H/HeJ mice are refractory to LPS at the B-lymphocyte level, but more recently it has been shown that other cells are similarly unaffected. The current study was undertaken to study an in vivo LPS-modulated disease process involving macrophage-T cell interactions. Adult CBA/J and C3H/HeJ mice were used as spleen donors, and graft versus host reactions were induced in BALB/c neonates. Prior LPS treatment of CBA/J adults decreased the ability of their spleen cells to cause fatal graft versus host disease in BALB/c neonates, whereas no difference was found between injection of spleen cells from normal or LPS-treated C3H/HeJ mice. Similar results were obtained with these cell types when the mouse spleen mixed leukocyte culture system was used. In a carbon clearance assay for stimulation of the reticuloendothelial system with LPS, it was found that the rate of phagocytosis was significantly increased in BALB/c and CBA/J mice 72 h after inoculation of LPS. No stimulation was seen in rate of carbon uptake in the C3H/HeJ animals after treatment with phenol-extracted LPS or with butanol-extracted LPS. An LPS-induced protective serum factor was produced only in the LPS-responsive CBA/J mice and was specific for the syngeneic cells.
 ...
PMID:Influence of lipopolysaccharide on graft versus host reactivity of lipopolysaccharide-unresponsive C3H/HeJ mice. 4 Aug 77

Salmonella typhimurium mutants, called Felix O-resistant (FOR), selected for resistance to phage Felix O (FO) which has its receptor in the core lipopolysaccharide (LPS), retain most of the properties of the smooth parent strain (MacPhee, Krishnapillai, Roantree & Stocker, 1975). LPS extracted from one parent and two FOR strains by the phenol-water and the phenol-chloroform-light petroleum methods have been subjected to passive haemagglutination inhibition and methylation analysis. The amount of LPS, the amount of O-specific sugars in the LPS, and the average length of the O chains were almost the same in parent and mutant strains. Neither passive haemagglutination nor methylation analysis revealed the presence of incomplete cores in the mutant strains. Determination of the rates of attachment of P22 (receptor in O chain) and FO phages to whole bacteria of the same strains also suggested there is as much O-chain material in the FOR strains as in the parent strain. The data suggest that the FOR strains are the result of a mutation in the synthesis of the core, leaving few, if any, completed cores accessible to the FO phage.
 ...
PMID:Salmonella typhimurium mutations conferring resistance to Felix O phage without loss of smooth character: phage attachment and immunochemical and structural analyses of lipopolysaccharides. 4 37

Adaptations of the Farr technique have resulted in a specific and reproducible radioactive antigen-binding assay for antibodies directed against the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Neisseria meningitidis. LPS was intrinsically labeled with 14C acetate during 16-hr growth in a modified Frantz media, extracted by hot phenol-H2O, and purified by dialysis, ultracentrifugation, and ethanol precipitation. LPS, which aggregates in aqueous solutions, was maintained in a monomeric form in 3% sodium deoxycholate (NaD) as determined by gel filtration on Sephadex G-75. Since NaD is insoluble in (NH4)2SO4, polyethylene glycol, 20%, was used to precipitate immunoglobulins of all three major classes.
 ...
PMID:Response to antigenic determinants of Neisseria meningitidis lipopolysaccharide investigated with a new radioactive antigen-binding assay. 5 1

The lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-protein complex extracted from the cell wall of Escherichia coli K235 by the butanol-water technique has been shown to evoke a mitogenic response in bone marrow-derived (B) lymphocytes from the C3H/HeJ mouse strain. These mice are resistant to the effects of LPS extracted with phenol. Therefore, the ability of butanol-extracted LPS to modulate a spectrum of C3H/HeJ B-cell functions was investigated. Both butanol-extracted (LPS-B) and phenol-extracted (LPS-P) LPS preparations activated responder C3H/St spleen cell cultures to polyclonal antibody production, while only LPS-B activated C3H/HeJ spleen cells. Both LPS-P and LPS-B acted as adjuvants when injected after aggregated human gamma globulin (HGG) in C3H/St mice, but neither preparation was effective as a adjuvant in C3H/HeJ mice. LPS-P injected with deaggregated HGG (tolerogen) into LPS-sensitive mice has been shown previously to inhibit the induction of tolerance HGG. In the present studies, it was shown that LPS-B, but not LPs-p, was able to inhibit tolerance induction to HGG in the C3H/HeJ, whereas both preparations were effective in the C3H/St. LPS has also been shown to bypass tolerant T cells in LPS-sensitive mice late in tolerance to HGG at a time when B cells are responsive. However, in the C3H/HeJ, neither LPS-B nor LPS-P was capable of this function. The responsiveness of these B cells to HGG was demonstrated in transfer experiments. Thus, in the C3H/HeJ, LPS-B stimulates mitogenesis, polyclonal B-cell activation, and inhibition of tolerance induction, but cannot act as an effective adjuvant or as a bypass mechanism to activate B cells in the presence of tolerant T cells. The explanation for this pattern of responses may be attributable to yet another cellular defect in the C3H/HeJ mouse.
 ...
PMID:Immunologic responsiveness of the C3H/HeJ mouse: differential ability of butanol-extracted lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to evoke LPS-mediated effects. 7 41

The pattern of development of antibody-forming cells in BALB/c mice after immunization with PW-LPS or TCA-LPS was shown to be different. On days 10 and 20, the primary response to PW-LPS was characterized by a low level of IgM synthesis. The plaque-forming cell (PFC) response to TCA-LPS, however, increased from day 10 to day 20. Initially, IgM was the only detectable antibody synthesized but by day 20 a significant number of IgG-producing spleen cells had developed. After a secondary immunization with the appropriate lipopolysaccharide (LPS) preparation, IgG-producing spleen cells were detected in mice immunized with either PW-or TCA-LPS. Partial removal of the LAP or TCA-LPS with phenol or trypsin and pronase significantly reduced the PFC response, suggesting that the protein moiety played an influential role in the immunogenicity of TCA-LPS. The TCA-LPS contained the same antigenic dterminants as PW-LPS, so any difference observed between PFC response was not due to any associated immunogenic moiety.
 ...
PMID:Plaque-forming cell response in BALB/c mice to two preparations of LPS extracted from Salmonella enteritidis. 8 28

By the use of phenol water extraction it was possible to obtain strictly serotype-specific antigens from mucoid cell cultures of five serotypes of Haemophilus parahaemolyticus (pleuropneumoniae). These serotype-specific antigens did not cross-react with each other in immunodiffusion tests. The type-specific precipitating phenol-water-fractions were composed of two to four antigenic components, presumably of polysaccharide or lipopolysaccharide nature.
 ...
PMID:Serologic studies on porcine strains of Haemophilus parahaemolyticus (pleuropneumoniae): extraction of type-specific antigens. 9 4

Lipopolysaccharides of eight wild-type strains of the phototrophic bacterium Rhodospirillum tenue have been analyzed. All of the lipopolysaccharides are highly lipophilic. The compositions of preparations obtained by the phenol-water or by the phenol-chloroform-petroleum ether procedure are very similar. The polysaccharide moiety, obtained by mild acid hydrolysis of lipopolysaccharide, consists mainly of aldoheptoses: L-glycero-D-mannoheptose is present in all strains, whereas D-glycero-D-mannoheptose is an additional constituent in some strains. Galactosaminuronic acid and two unknown ninhydrin-positive components were detected in the lipopolysaccharides of six strains. Spermidine and putrescine are present in large amounts in a salt-like linkage in the lipopolysaccharides from three strains. 2-Keto-3-deoxyoctonate forms the linkage between the polysaccharide moiety and lipid A. The lipid A fraction contains all the glucosamine and all the D-arabinose present in the lipopolysaccharide. D-Arabinose is an invariable constituent of the lipid A from the Rhodopseudomonas tenue lipopolysaccharides investigated. The principal fatty acids are beta-hydroxycapric, myristic, and palmitic acids. The isolated R. tenue lipopolysaccharides (O-antigens) react with rabbit antisera prepared against homologous cells. The titers in passive hemagglutination are low, similar to those found with enterobacterial R-lipopolysaccharides. R. tenue O-antigens containing only L-glycero-D-mannoheptose and those containing both the L- and D-epimers of glycero-D-mannoheptose could not be differentiated by serological means.
 ...
PMID:Lipophilic O-antigens in Rhodospirillum tenue. 9 59


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>