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Query: UNIPROT:P43026 (lipopolysaccharide)
 62,215 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The adjuvant action of various lipopolysaccharides on immune responses to syngeneic tissue extract in mice was examined. Only lipopolysaccharides possessing the linear mannose homopolysaccharides as O-specific polysaccharides exhibited definite adjuvant action on immune responses to the autoantigens. The intensity of this adjuvant activity of lipopolysaccharide from Klebsiella O3 seemed to be the strongest.
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PMID:Novel adjuvant action of lipopolysaccharides that possess mannose homopolysaccharides as O-specific polysaccharides on immune responses to nonimmunogenic autoantigens in mice. 138 60

Vibrio mimicus strains W-26768 (stool isolate) and N-1301 (environmental isolate) and Vibrio fluvialis strains AA-18239 (stool isolate) and M-940 (environmental isolate) were studied for virulence properties and lipopolysaccharide composition. All four strains were hydrophobic, produced cytotoxin, adhered to HeLa cells and showed mannose-sensitive agglutination of guinea pig erythrocyte. The strains were negative for enterotoxin production and were mostly susceptible to the common antibiotics. The environmental and clinical isolates of both species were antigenically unrelated to each other. Lipopolysaccharide antigen analysis showed that O-antigen polysaccharides of two strains of V. fluvialis and two strains of V. mimicus differed with respect to the sugar components. Only LPS from V. mimicus W-26768 showed the presence of an unusual sugar, 3,6-dideoxy-3-acetamido-hexose. The sugar compositions of these V. fluvialis and V. mimicus strains differed from those of previously reported Japanese isolates. These differences probably reflect differences in the serogroup of strains.
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PMID:Lipopolysaccharide composition and virulence properties of clinical and environmental strains of Vibrio fluvialis and Vibrio mimicus. 138 75

Two monoclonal antibodies against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 5, designated as 5MAb-1 and 5MAb-6, were characterized. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-inhibition tests with whole-cell antigens obtained from strains of serotype 1 through 12 of A pleuropneumoniae revealed that 5 MAb-1 bound to only serotype-5 strains. The epitope recognized by 5MAb-1 was a carbohydrate that was sensitive to periodate oxidation and resided on the structure of beta-1,6-linked D-galactose in an O-antigen polysaccharide of serotype-5 lipopolysaccharide. Analysis of these results revealed that the O-antigen polysaccharide of lipopolysaccharide was 1 of the antigenic determinants responsible for the serotype specificity of A pleuropneumoniae. On the other hand, 5MAb-6 reacted with strains of serotype 1 through 10 in varying degrees and its epitope was located on polypeptides sensitive to proteinase K. In an immunoblotting analysis, 5MAb-6 reacted with 2 polypeptide bands, with molecular weights of approximately 41,500 and 28,000, in the outer membrane protein-rich fraction obtained from strains of serotype 1 through 10. These results indicated that outer membrane proteins from several serotype strains of A pleuropneumoniae possessed common antigenic determinants.
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PMID:Characterization of monoclonal antibodies against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 5. 138 4

The O-specific polysaccharide was obtained by mild degradation of the Salmonella arizonae O61 lipopolysaccharide with acid. It contained 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose, 2-acetamidino-2,6-dideoxy-L-galactose (FucAm), and 7-acetamido-3,5,7,9-tetradeoxy-5-[(R)-3-hydroxybutyramido]-D- glycero-L-galacto-nonulosonic acid (Sug). On the basis of partial acid hydrolysis with 0.1 M HCl, solvolysis with anhydrous HF in methanol, and 1H- and 13C-NMR analysis (including 1H/13C inversely correlated spectroscopy for localisation of N-acyl substituents), it was concluded that the O-specific polysaccharide had the following structure. ----3)-alpha-L-FucAm-(1----3)-alpha-D-GlcNAc-(1----8)-beta-Sug+ ++-(2---- The O-antigen of S. arizonae O61 is structurally related to that of Pseudomonas aeruginosa O12, thus explaining the known serological cross-reactivity between these micro-organisms.
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PMID:The structure of the O-specific polysaccharide chain of the lipopolysaccharide of Salmonella arizonae O61. 139 6

A new and highly branched amino acid was found as an N-acyl substituent of the O-polysaccharide chain obtained from the lipopolysaccharide of Vibrio anguillarum V-123 (serogroup JO-2) and evidence is presented to support the structure as 2,4-dihydroxy-3,3,4-trimethylpyroglutamic acid. Acid hydrolysis of the O-polysaccharide gave the lactone of 2,4-dihydroxy-3,3,4-trimethylglutamic acid, together with 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-galacturonic acid, 2-amino-2,6-dideoxy-D-glucose (D-quinovosamine), and 4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-D-glucose (D-viosamine). Degradation of the O-polysaccharide with hydrogen fluoride yielded a fragment (H1) that was indicated by the 1H-NMR data to be 4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-D-glucose N-acetylated with 2,4-dihydroxy-3,3,4-trimethylpyroglutamic acid. The configuration of the amino acid was not determined.
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PMID:Occurrence of 2,4-dihydroxy-3,3,4-trimethylpyroglutamic acid as an N-acyl substituent in the O-polysaccharide chain of the lipopolysaccharide of Vibrio anguillarum V-123. 139 11

The stimulating activity of several preparations isolated from a membrane proteoglycan of a nonencapsulated smooth strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp-MPG) on the oxidative burst of human blood monocytes was assessed by luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL). Five Kp derivatives were studied: a 34-kd acylpoly(1,3)galactoside (APG), obtained by drastic alkaline hydrolysis and purified by chromatography; an APG preparation subjected to acid hydrolysis that removed the core part and all fatty acids, leaving intact the galactose chain of APG (GC-APG); an APG preparation subjected to mild oxidation (ox APG); a preparation obtained by mild alkaline hydrolysis of Kp-MPG, containing additional ester-linked C14 and C16 fatty acids bound to the APG molecule (EFA-APG); and a polymer of the latter compound, APG pol. EFA-APG directly stimulated monocyte CL, whereas Kp-MPG, APG pol, and the whole bacterial cells had little or no activity. APG itself and ox APG induced a weaker response than EFA-APG. Polymyxin B sulfate completely inhibited the CL response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) but not to EFA-APG. The stimulating action of EFA-APG on blood monocytes was dependent on the extracellular levels of both calcium and magnesium. Preincubation of monocytes with monoclonal antibody anti-Mac-1 directed against CD11b, the alpha chain of complement receptor type 3 (CR3; CD11b/CD18), strongly inhibited CL activation by EFA-APG and to a lesser extent CL activation by unopsonized zymosan and rough LPS. Altogether, these findings provide indirect evidence for the contribution of the CD11b/CD18 integrin in the functional interaction of EFA-APG with monocyte membranes. They demonstrate the role of fatty acids in the triggering of monocyte oxidative burst, while the polysaccharide chain itself does not contribute to induction of the CL response in this model. In keeping with the effects of EFA-APG and APG, we show that the monocyte CL response was triggered by bacterial LPS from the rough strain of Salmonella minnesota Re 595 and its lipid A, but not by LPS from smooth strains, again suggesting a critical role for the lipid moiety.
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PMID:Activation of human monocyte chemiluminescence response by acylpoly(1,3)galactosides derived from Klebsiella pneumoniae. 143 64

The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of the outer membrane of Caulobacter crescentus was purified and analyzed. Two distinct strains of the species, NA 1000 and CB2A, were examined; despite differences in other membrane-related polysaccharides, the two gave similar LPS composition profiles. The LPS was the equivalent of the rough LPS described for other bacteria in that it lacked the ladder of polysaccharide-containing species that results from addition of variable amounts of a repeated sequence of sugars, as detected by gel electrophoresis in smooth LPS strains. The purified LPS contained two definable regions: (i) an oligosaccharide region, consisting of an inner core of three residues of 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate, two residues of alpha-L-glycero-D-mannoheptose, and one alpha-D-glycero-D-mannoheptose unit and an outer core region containing one residue each of alpha-D-mannose, alpha-D-galactose, and alpha-D-glucose, with the glucose likely phosphorylated and (ii) a region equivalent to the lipid A region of the archetype, consisting primarily of an esterified fatty acid, 3-OH-dodecanoate. The lipid A-like region was resistant to conclusive analysis; in particular, although a variety of analytical methods were used, no amino sugars were detected, as is found in the lipid A of the LPS of most bacteria.
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PMID:Identification, isolation, and structural studies of the outer membrane lipopolysaccharide of Caulobacter crescentus. 144 31

The O-specific polysaccharide isolated by mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharide of Y. kristensenii strain 490 (O:12,25) contained D-glucose, 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose, 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-galactose, 2-acetamido-2,6-dideoxy-L-galactose, glycerol, and phosphate in the ratios 2:2:1:1:1:1. On the basis of 31P- and 13C-n.m.r. data, methylation analysis, dephosphorylation, solvolysis with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride, and Smith degradation, it was concluded that the repeating unit of the polysaccharide was a branched hexaosylglycerol phosphate with the following structure. [formula: see text]
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PMID:Structure of the repeating unit of the O-specific polysaccharide of the lipopolysaccharide of Yersinia kristensenii strain 490 (O:12,25). 152 85

Aeromonas salmonicida grown in a medium with excess glucose as carbon source produces both capsular and exocellular polysaccharides. The capsular polysaccharide is composed of glucose, mannose, rhamnose, N-acetylmannosamine and mannuronic acid in the molar ratios of approximately 5:3:0.75:2:1. The extracellular polysaccharide is similarly constituted, but in the molar ratios of approximately 4.75:10.5:1.5:2:1. The capsular and exocellular polysaccharides did not cross-react with monoclonal antibodies against the A-layer or the O-antigen lipopolysaccharide.
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PMID:Occurrence of a capsule in Aeromonas salmonicida. 152 44

A lipopolysaccharide O-side chain-producing phenotypic variant was isolated from a uridine 5'-diphosphogalactose 4-epimeraseless Escherichia coli J5 rough mutant strain by fluorescence-activated cell sorting with a monoclonal antibody (MAb) specific for the O-side chain of E. coli O111:B4 smooth parent lipopolysaccharide. The variant (J5-2) was recognized by both core- and O-side chain-specific MAbs, while the "original" rough mutant (J5-1) and smooth parent strains stained only with core- and O-side chain-specific MAb, respectively. J5-2 produced complete and incomplete (Rc chemotype) core and O polysaccharide in the presence of galactose. Three other E. coli J5 variants were either phenotypically similar to J5-1 (J5-UK) or distinct from J5-1 and J5-2 (J5-A, -B). The latter phenotype had a lower-molecular-weight core, compared with J5-1 and J5-2, and distinct MAb specificities. Various J5 phenotypes also differed in galactokinase levels, the ability to use galactose, and susceptibility to core-specific MAb binding on solid media. The J5-2 strain showed reciprocal changes in O-side chain and core expression during log-phase growth. E. coli J5 thus undergoes spontaneous alterations in lipopolysaccharide phenotype.
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PMID:Lipopolysaccharide heterogeneity in Escherichia coli J5 variants: analysis by flow cytometry. 152 15


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