Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P43026 (lipopolysaccharide)
 62,215 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa lectins interact with Escherichia coli strains O86B7 and O128B12, which possess B and H (O) blood group determinants, respectively. The interaction could be demonstrated by specific agglutination of the bacteria, by haemagglutination inhibition tests and by lectin-mediated peroxidase binding to the bacteria. The agglutination of E. coli O86B7 by the Pseudomonas galactose-binding lectin was inhibited by D-galactose and by the lipopolysaccharide extracted from E. coli O86B7. Similarly, the specific agglutination of E. coli O128B12 by the Pseudomonas mannose-binding lectin (which also binds L-fucose, L-galactose and D-fructose) was inhibited by D-mannose, L-fucose, L-galactose and D-fructose, as well as by athe lipopolysaccharide extracted from E. coli O128B12. The interaction between E. coli O128B12 and the Pseudomonas mannose-binding lectin was also demonstrated by lectin-mediated peroxidase binding to the bacterial surface. Peroxidase binding was also inhibited by the above-mentioned sugars and E. coli O128B12 lipopolysaccharide. Treatment of cells of the two E. coli strains with protein-denaturing agents did not reduce their agglutination by the Pseudomonas lectins. On the other hand, oxidation of the cell surface sugars by sodium metaperiodate or boiling the cells in the presence of 1% acetic acid for 1 h abolished their agglutination by the two lectins. It is, therefore, suggested that the Pseudomonas lectins interact with the B and H (O) blood group determinant sugars (D-galactose in E. coli O86B7 and L-fucose in E. coli O128B12) residing in the lipopolysaccharides of these E. coli strains.
 ...
PMID:Interactions of Pseudomonas aeruginosa lectins with Escherichia coli strains bearing blood group determinants. 617 47

Current evidence suggests that bleomycin toxicity may be attributable to its DNA degradative activity possibly via generation of free radicals and O2 metabolites as mediators. Since lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been known to provide protection against O2 toxicity, which is correlated with increased activity of O2 metabolite-detoxifying enzymes, the effect of this agent on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis was examined. Endotracheal bleomycin administration caused increased lung collagen synthesis. A single intraperitoneal injection of LPS (500 micrograms/kg) at day zero significantly decreased these increases. Total bleomycin-induced lung collagen increase was also significantly reduced. LPS alone had no significant effect on total lung catalase activity. Glutathiione peroxidase activity, however, was significantly decreased by 15.8% compared to untreated animals at 2 days after LPS treatment and remained unchanged at other time points. In addition, superoxide dismutase activity was significantly elevated by 30% above untreated animals only at 14 days after LPS administration and remained unchanged at other time points. Endotracheal bleomycin administration alone caused significant reductions in catalase activity at 2 days and 2 weeks after treatment, whereas glutathione peroxidase activity increased above control untreated animals at 2 and 4 weeks, respectively. Superoxide dismutase activity was unaffected by bleomycin treatment. Pretreatment with LPS before bleomycin prevented these reductions or caused increases in the activities of these enzymes at 2 days. Glutathione peroxidase was increased and was significantly greater than those animals treated with bleomycin alone. Catalase also was higher in the LPS plus bleomycin group (by 22.2%, p less than 0.05) than the bleomycin group alone. Compared to the effects on lung collagen synthesis and content, LPS treatment resulted in much less dramatic changes in total lung antioxidant enzyme activities. This discrepancy between the intensity of LPS effects on lung O2 metabolite-detoxifying enzymes and that on pulmonary fibrosis implies that the LPS-ameliorating effect on pulmonary fibrosis could not be totally explained by increased ability to detoxify O2 metabolites. Rather, the data would favor the possibility that LPS inhibits bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis either by its known immunosuppressive effects or some other unknown mechanism. The former would be in agreement with previous data which suggest that an intact immune response is necessary for complete expression of the fibrogenic response to bleomycin.
 ...
PMID:Inhibition of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by lipopolysaccharide. 620 76

Membrane complement receptors have been identified on a subpopulation of normal lymphocytes containing cytoplasmic inclusions called parallel tubular arrays (PTA) using two different rosetting techniques. The first technique utilizes as indicator cells erythrocytes that were coated with complement by the classic pathway of complement activation (EAC rosettes). The second technique utilizes as indicator cells Salmonella typhi, which were coated with complement by the alternate pathway of complement activation (FBC rosettes). In the latter technique, lipopolysaccharide material in the bacterial cell wall directly activates complement without the use of a sensitizing antibody. This eliminates binding of marker particles by lymphocytes having Fc receptors. The presence of PTA lymphocytes at the center of EAC rosettes and FBC rosettes was demonstrated by electron microscopy, indicating that the PTA lymphocyte has a complement receptor. Examination of FBC rosettes revealed that the adherent complement-coated bacteria were usually partially surrounded by pseudopodal extensions of the PTA lymphocyte. In addition, some PTA lymphocytes phagocytized the complement-coated bacteria but not the complement-inactivated bacteria. These phagocytic cells were placed in the lymphocytic series instead of the monocytic series by virtue of complete lack of endogenous peroxidase activity.
 ...
PMID:Complement receptors on normal human lymphocytes containing parallel tubular arrays. 624 18

Four procedures were used to evaluate the function of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) isolated from the blood of cattle experimentally infected with bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) virus: (1) uptake of am emulsion of paraffin oil and Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide, (2) nitroblue tetrazolium reduction, (3) chemiluminescence, and (4) iodination, or the conversion of iodide to a trichloroacetic acid-precipitable form. A marked impairment of iodination was consistently observed after infection with either a cytopathogenic or a noncytopathogenic strain of BVD virus. A corresponding decrease in paraffin oil uptake, nitroblue tetrazolium reduction, and chemiluminescence was not observed. Serum from BVD virus-infected animals did not depress iodination by normal control PMN in vitro. The iodination, procedure evaluates the activity of the myeloperoxidase, hydrogen peroxide, halide system. This system has potent bactericidal, fungicidal, and virucidal effects. The data indicate that oxidative metabolism by PMN from BVD virus-infected cattle is normal, but that the myeloperoxidase, hydrogen peroxide, halide antibacterial system is impaired. This could be explained by an inhibition of degranulation in PMN from infected cattle. The observed defect in iodination by PMN after BVD virus infection was compounded by a decrease in the number of circulating PMN. The impairment of PMN function may partially explain the increased susceptibility of cattle to secondary bacterial infection during infection with BVD virus.
 ...
PMID:Effects of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection on bovine polymorphonuclear leukocyte function. 626 88

Granule contents from rat polymorphonuclear neutrophils were prepared by extraction with 0.2 M acetate (pH 4), dialyzed against phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7), and tested for bactericidal activity. Bactericidal assays consisted of mixing rat granule extract with 1 x 10(3) to 3 x 10(3) bacterial cells per ml at 37 degrees C for 1 h in a medium suited for bacterial growth. The granule extract demonstrated a distinctive dose-dependent bactericidal activity against outer membrane lipopolysaccharide mutants of Salmonella typhimurium LT-2, independent of added hydrogen peroxide or other active oxygen derivatives. The rough bacterial mutants showed an ordered increase in sensitivity to the rat lysosomal extracts inversely related to the length of their lipopolysaccharide carbohydrate side chains. Fractionation of the rat polymorphonuclear neutrophil granule extract with Sephadex G-100 column chromatography revealed an elution profile containing three major areas (peaks) of protein. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and examination of enzymatic activity showed that these peaks contained myeloperoxidase (peak A), neutral protease (peak B), and lysozyme (peak C) activities. Also observed in peak C were cationic protein species whose cathodal electrophoretic migration was faster than that for lysozyme. Only peak C exhibited a bactericidal activity against the rough mutants of S. typhimurium LT-2 similar to that obtained for the unfractionated granule extract, with susceptibility of the bacterial mutants increasing with a progressive loss of carbohydrate residues in the lipopolysaccharide of the cell wall. The bactericidal activity of the peak C protein fraction was dose dependent. Boiling the unfractionated granule extract or peak C for 30 min had little affect on their antimicrobial activity when reacted against a deep-rough lipopolysaccharide mutant. However, trypsin pretreatment of these fractions significantly reduced their antimicrobial activity for the same mutant chemotype.
 ...
PMID:Bactericidal activity of granule contents from rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes. 629 56

In preliminary experiments cyclic nucleotides and cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinase subunits were localized in murine splenocytes using immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase techniques. Cyclic nucleotides, presumably protein bound, and protein kinases (PK) were found in both cytoplasm and nucleus. Following mitogen stimulation the localizations did not change. In experiments reported here using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique not all cells in the population were stained with antisera against the various antigens. At early times (5-60 min) following stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or concanavalin A (ConA) the fraction of cells staining positively for cGMP and cGMP PK increased relative to non-stimulated cells. Radioimmunoassay measurements showed elevated intracellular concentrations of cGMP beginning at 15 min following mitogenic stimulation. The data presented is consistent with a role for cGMP and cGMP PK in lymphocyte activation.
 ...
PMID:Immunocytochemical evidence for 3',5'-cGMP and 3',5'-cGMP-dependent protein kinase involvement in lymphocyte proliferation. 632 74

Monoclonal antibodies directed against O-specific antigens of Vibrio cholerae O1 lipopolysaccharide were used in two different enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), designed for identification and serotyping of V. cholerae O1. In the sandwich ELISA, a monoclonal antibody against the group-specific antigen was used as capture antibody, whereas peroxidase-conjugated monoclonal antibodies directed against group- and type-specific antigens were used as the second antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies were also used in ELISA inhibition tests with whole bacteria as inhibitors in microtiter trays coated with V. cholerae O1 lipopolysaccharide. In addition, the monoclonal antibodies were shown to be useful in slide agglutination tests. The enzyme immunoassays were equally sensitive, showing positive reactions with all V. cholerae O1 strains tested, whereas all V. cholerae non-O1 as well as strains of Escherichia coli, Shigella sonnei, Salmonella spp., Citrobacter freundii, and Brucella abortus were negative. The microtiter application makes the immunoassays suitable with low consumption of reagents for screening of samples from suspected cases as well as from the environment.
 ...
PMID:Monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for identification and serotyping of Vibrio cholerae O1. 639 21

A patient with Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1) positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) entered a blast crisis localized to lymph nodes. On light microscopy, by morphology and histochemical staining, the blasts were undifferentiated. In spite of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase positivity, some of the lymph node cells expressed a myeloid differentiation antigen, OKM1, and were peroxidase positive by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). However, the majority of cells were peroxidase negative on TEM and expressed OKT-10, a marker found on both primitive myeloid and lymphoid cells. Cultures of lymph node cells stimulated with Epstein-Barr virus or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) revealed the Ph1, indicating B cell involvement in the CML. T cells from cultures stimulated with L4-phytohemagglutinin and T cell growth factor were negative for the Ph1. In unstimulated lymph node cells, the uncomplicated Ph1 could not be demonstrated; instead, a unique complex karyotype involving a masked Ph1 was identified in these and the LPS cultures. This karyotype was not found in bone marrow (BM) metaphase cells. Instead, BM cells showed either the simple Ph1 or the Ph1 with a rearrangement involving chromosomes 13 and 20. The patient had transient responses to three chemotherapy regimens, two of which were designed to treat acute lymphocytic leukemia, but he died 8 months after disease acceleration without BM blast crisis. These findings are compatible with an extramedullary blast crisis originating in a primitive cell with both myeloid and lymphoid characteristics.
 ...
PMID:Unusual karyotypic changes and B cell involvement in a case of lymph node blast crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia. 661 Apr 45

Examination of the localization of the dicarboxylate binding protein (DBP) in the cell envelope of Escherichia coli K12 reveals that this protein is present on the cell surface, and also in the inner and outer regions of the periplasmic space. The cell surface DBP is release by treating the cells with EDTA. This protein can be surface labeled by lactoperoxidase radioiodination, and by diazo[125I]iodosulfanilic acid in whole cells. It also binds tightly, but not covalently, to lipopolysaccharide. The DBP located in the outer region of the periplasmic space is released when the outer membrane is dissociated by EDTA-osmotic shock treatment. The DBP located in the inner region of the periplasmic space is released only when the EDTA-osmotic shocked cells are subjected to lysozyme treatment. At the moment, it is not certain whether this protein is bound to or trapped by the peptidoglycan network. This protein cannot be surface labeled in whole cells or in EDTA-osmotic shock treated cells; and it is not associated with lipopolysaccharide. Analysis of transport mutants indicates that these DBP are coded by the same gene.
 ...
PMID:Localization of the dicarboxylate binding protein in the cell envelope of Escherichia coli K12. 678 Jan 68

Antibody to smooth Brucella abortus lipopolysaccharide antigen on the surface of polystyrene tubes was detected with peroxidase-labeled antibody against bovine immunoglobulin G. The enzyme-labeled antiglobulin test (ELAT) activity of samples was expressed in arbitrary units/0.01 ml by reference to a standard curve based on tests of dilutions of a positive serum pool. Reactions greater than 3.0 U/0.01 ml were classified positive because specificity at this level was 99.8% (417/418 samples correctly classified negative) with agglutination test-negative sera from 33 Brucella-free herds. Results of the ELAT were compared with results of agglutination tests and the complement-fixation test (CFT), using 430 sera from cattle in 7 infected herds. Activity of greater than 5.0 ELAT U/0.01 ml was detected in all 54 sera classified as positive (titer greater than 1:10) by the CFT, including 5 sera classified as negative by the tube agglutination test. Sera from 8 nonvaccinated cows in the infected herds reacted only by the ELAT, whereas reactions were obtained with 25 and 5 sera by only agglutination tests and the CFT, respectively. The ELAT and CFT results were in agreement for 25 of 26 sera from agglutination test-reactor cattle in herds of unknown status. Comparisons of milk ring and whey agglutination tests with the whey ELAT on 146 quarter samples from cows in an infected herd revealed no ELAT activity greater than or equal to 1.0 U/0.01 ml in the 73 samples considered negative by the 2 other tests. Samples (n = 47) that contained greater than or equal to 1.0 ELAT U/0.01 ml included all (n = 40) samples with milk ring or whey agglutination titers greater than or equal to 1:16 and greater than or equal to 32, respectively, and 7 samples that gave weaker reactions to the latter tests.
 ...
PMID:Evaluation of an enzyme-labeled antiglobulin test for anti-Brucella immunoglobulin G among 3 cattle populations. 678 17


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>