Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P43026 (lipopolysaccharide)
 62,215 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The induction of IgA synthesis in normal peripheral blood lymphocytes cultured in the presence of 5 different B-cell activators was studied by immunofluorescence using monoclonal antibodies to the two subclasses. The surface phenotype of normal cells after overnight culture in the absence of mitogen showed a mean ratio IgA1:IgA2 of 2.7:1; cells with cytoplasmic IgA were very rare. Results obtained on different donors after stimulation showed considerable variation; IgA1 was the predominant subclass in Epstein-Barr virus-stimulated cultures, whereas pokeweed mitogen induced a predominantly IgA2 response; cells stimulated with Staphylococcus aureus, Branhamella catarrhalis and lipopolysaccharide and unstimulated cells showed a 1:1 ratio of the subclasses. It is concluded that in this system IgA subclass expression is a function of the activator employed.
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PMID:The IgA subclass responses of human lymphocytes to B-cell activators. 354 13

A continuous tissue culture cell line (Karpas line 120), derived from a patient with acute myeloblastic leukemia, not only demonstrates myeloblastic morphology and in vitro expression of several myeloid-specific biochemical markers but also contains Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) nuclear antigen. The present studies demonstrate EBV-genome-specific DNA within the total cellular DNA by molecular hybridization, thus establishing the presence of stable viral genome integration. The cells demonstrate complex coordinated myeloid functions including ingestion, degranulation, and respiratory burst activity. Line 120 cells show a respiratory burst (superoxide and hydrogen peroxide generation and hexosemonophosphate shunt activity) in response to soluble (phorbol myristate acetate) and particulate (latex beads) stimuli, as do normal granulocytes. They ingest complement-opsonized particles (lipopolysaccharide-oil droplets, zymosan, and bacteria), and degranulate in response to them. However, unlike normal granulocytes, the line 120 cells do not demonstrate respiratory burst activity in response to these complementopsonized particles. The dissociation between ingestion of complement-opsonized particles and activation of oxygen-dependent bactericidal activity severely impairs bacterial killing as compared with normal polymorphonuclear phagocytes.
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PMID:Dissociation of opsonized particle phagocytosis and respiratory burst activity in an Epstein-Barr virus-infected myeloid cell line. 624 64

In the present study the B-cell mitogens from Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and lipopolysaccharide-B from E. coli (LPS) were used to stimulate the blood cells of 27 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) to undergo mitosis. In 14 CLL cases EBV was used as the only mitotic stimulant and in 5 cases both EBV and LPS. In 8 cases neither EBV nor LPS caused mitotic cells to appear. In 9 cases the cells were characterized by abnormal clones, including 5 cases with +12 (including 1 case with a possible Philadelphia chromosome), 2 cases with 14q+ and 1 case with an i(17q). No correlation was found between the types of surface membrane immunoglobulins and the chromosome abnormalities in the leukemic lymphocytes. The effects of EBV on normal lymphocytes were also investigated and found to be nonspecific (e.g., tetraploidy), although in every case EBV caused a definite increase in the mitotic index. The results indicate that 1) EBV and LPS stimulate leukemic cells of CLL to undergo mitosis, 2) about 50% of the patients have clonal abnormalities in the leukemic cells, and 3) CLL is associated with karyotypic changes seen in lymphoma (14q+), although the most common anomaly in our material was a +12.
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PMID:Chromosomes and causation of human cancer and leukemia. XLV. Chromosome patterns in stimulated lymphocytes of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 626 49

Two new cell surface antigens expressed on B lymphoblastoid cell lines (B-LCL) were defined with cytotoxic mouse monoclonal antibodies. One marker, BB-1 (for B lymphoblast antigen-1), was detected on human and nonhuman primate B-LCL, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-activated B cell blasts, most Burkitt's lymphomas, and Ia+ B lymphoblast-like myelomas. Polyclonal B cell activators such as pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) also induced the expression of BB-1 on immunoglobulin (Ig)-positive cells. In contrast, BB-1 could not be detected on normal lymphoid tissues by complement-dependent cytotoxicity and immunofluorescence (IF) assays or by analysis with a fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS). T cell blasts, T cell leukemias, and pre-B cell or erythroblastic leukemia cell lines were also BB-1 negative. Of particular interest was the finding that BB-1 was expressed on the Jijoye lymphoma but only marginally on a subline of Jijoye, P3HR-1, that lacks receptors for EBV and produces a defective virus incapable of transforming lymphocytes. A second lymphoblast antigen (LB-1) unlike BB-1, was present on both T and B cell blasts and virus-transformed T- and B-LCL but not on normal lymphoid tissues.
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PMID:B lymphoblast antigen (BB-1) expressed on Epstein-Barr virus-activated B cell blasts, B lymphoblastoid cell lines, and Burkitt's lymphomas. 627 61

The induction of IgG synthesis by normal human lymphocytes in response to a range of B-cell activators has been studied by indirect cytoplasmic immunofluorescence using monoclonal antibodies to the four IgG subclasses. Considerable variation was found between cells from different donors tested with the same activator but the following trends were observed:- Epstein-Barr virus and Branhamella catarrhalis induced a predominantly IgG3 response, whereas the most prevalent cells in cultures stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and Staph. aureus were IgG2-positive; the subclass distribution obtained with pokeweed mitogen resembled that found in normal serum (IgG1 greater than 2 greater than 3 greater than 4).
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PMID:The IgG subclass responses of human lymphocytes to B-cell activators. 631 31

The chromosomes of stimulated lymphocytes in 40 treated cases of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) were examined. The polyclonal B-cell activators (PBA) used were: pokeweed mitogen (PWM), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and lipopolysaccharide W from Escherichia coli 055:B5 (LPS). Thirty-three (83%) of the 40 cases contained an adequate number of metaphases that were suitable for banding. Of 15 cases with abnormal clones, 7 cases had trisomy #12. Occasionally, trisomy #1, 6q-, i(7q), 14q+, trisomy #16, and trisomy #18 were seen. In 5 cases, marker chromosomes of unknown origin existed. The findings indicate that trisomy #12 may be a unique and nonrandom karyotypic change in B-CLL.
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PMID:Chromosomes and causation of human cancer and leukemia. LII. Chromosome findings in treated patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 631 64

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in physiological retroplacental concentration has been shown to possess the capacity of inducing human lymphocytes which are subsequently competent to depress an antibody response induced by purified protein derivative of tuberculin, phytohemagglutinin, lipopolysaccharide and pokeweed mitogen. These suppressor cells inhibited the T cell-dependent mitogen-induced activation of lymphocytes synthesizing IgM, IgG and IgA. No suppression by hCG-induced cells was observed in Epstein-Barr virus activated cell cultures, indicating a T cell origin of the target cell. It is suggested that this may represent a mechanism for the cellular basis of an hCG-induced immunosuppressive effect in pregnancy.
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PMID:In vitro induction of human suppressor T cells by a chorionic gonadotropin preparation. 645 39

The mitotic index and number of abnormal metaphases of cells stimulated with the various B-cell polyclonal mitogens (PBA) in six B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) cases were evaluated. The PBA included tetradecanoyl-0-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), staphylococcus bacterial strain Cowan I (Cowan I), pokeweed mitogen (PWM), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and lipopolysaccharide W from E. coli 0.55:B5 (LPS). TPA could stimulate only 1 of 12 samples. Even though Cowan I led to a relatively high mitotic index, abnormal clones were inconsistently obtained with this mitogen. PWM, EBV, and LPS appear to be the most desirable activators of B-CLL cells among the PBA used in this study.
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PMID:Comparative results with various polyclonal B-cell activators in aneuploid chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 660 85

The chromosome constitutions of stimulated lymphocytes in 21 untreated cases with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) were examined. So-called polyclonal B-cell activators, i.e., pokeweed mitogen, Epstein-Barr virus, and lipopolysaccharide W from E. coli 055:B5, were used. Four out of 21 cases showed abnormal clones with trisomy 12 and were started on therapy shortly after the diagnosis and cytogenetic examination. On the other hand, most cases without abnormal clones had not received treatment for relatively long periods before and after cytogenetic examination. These findings may indicate that cytogenetic results can be utilized as a parameter for treatment and prognosis in B-CLL.
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PMID:Clinical significance of cytogenetic findings in untreated patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 660 86

To clarify the cell cycle duration of stimulated cells in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL), sister chromatid differentiation (SCD) methodology was utilized. So-called polyclonal B-cell activators (PBA), i.e., staphylococcus bacteria strain Cowan I (Cowan I), pokeweed mitogen (PWM), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and lipopolysaccharide W from E. coli 055:B5 (LPS), were examined. Most metaphases on day 2 (48 hr) of culture were in first division (M1), and about half of the metaphases on day 3 (72 hr) of culture were in the second division (M2), and many of the metaphases on day 4 (96 hr) of culture were in the third division. These facts suggest that the optimal culture time for cytogenetic study of B-CLL should be 3 days or less to avoid in vitro artifacts.
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PMID:Cell cycle analysis of stimulated lymphocytes of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 660 2


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