Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P43026 (lipopolysaccharide)
 62,215 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An adult Bangladeshi woman had persistent bloody diarrhea. Repeated stool cultures yielded Plesiomonas shigelloides in pure growth. Tissue specimens of the colon were consistent with pseudomembranous colitis. Treatment with tetracycline, to which the isolate was susceptible, brought prompt recovery; the stool cultures became negative and the serum antibody titer against P. shigelloides lipopolysaccharide, as measured by hemagglutination inhibition with P. shigelloides lipopolysaccharide-sensitized sheep erythrocytes, declined from 1:160 to 1:40.
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PMID:Case report of Plesiomonas shigelloides-associated persistent dysentery and pseudomembranous colitis. 276 77

Toxin B, an exotoxin produced by the anaerobic Gram-positive bacteria Clostridium difficile, is responsible for pseudomembranous colitis in humans. It deeply modifies morphology of cultured cells and enhances their membrane surface area, which suggests a possible alteration of membrane receptor distribution. Since toxin B and bacterial lipopolysaccharide can act synergistically on TNF-alpha production by mononuclear phagocytes, the effect of toxin B on CD14 expression was investigated using flow cytometric analysis. It was shown that monocytes overexpressed CD14 after 5 h of treatment with toxin B. In contrast, after 24 h of treatment, the percentage of CD14 monocytes decreased, although, most frequently, the remaining positive cells expressed high levels of CD14 compared with untreated cells. Macrophages treated for 5 h with toxin B overexpressed CD14, but this effect persisted for at least 24 h. Both the percentage of positive macrophages and the mean level of CD14 per cell were increased. Thus toxin B can modulate expression of CD14 and its modulation depends on the differentiation status and maybe on the activation state, since some individual variations were observed in monocyte response to toxin.
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PMID:CD14 expression by human mononuclear phagocytes is modulated by Clostridium difficile toxin B. 1058 Feb 70

We report 2 cases of fulminant pseudomembranous colitis with septic shock. The first case showed few symptoms, whereas the second case showed recurrence. Both cases rapidly developed shock and blood pressure was uncontrollable except with the use of pressor agents. Direct hemoperfusion using polymyxin B-immobilized fiber, which was previously demonstrated to have excellent therapeutic effects for the treatment of hypotension in septic shock by removing circulating lipopolysaccharide and oral vancomycin dramatically improved both cases' clinical status and decreased their APACHE II scores (from 18 to 8 and from 16 to 9 points, respectively). Therefore, we suggest that direct hemoperfusion using polymyxin B-immobilized fiber improved hypotension-correcting cytokine balance with adsorption of endogenous cannabinoids in serum. Although colectomy is often performed to treat fulminant pseudomembranous colitis with septic shock, direct hemoperfusion can be easily performed with little risk to the patient. These cases strongly indicated that our combination therapy provides an important treatment for fulminant pseudomembranous colitis with septic shock.
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PMID:Effects of combination therapy with direct hemoperfusion using polymyxin B-immobilized fiber and oral vancomycin on fulminant pseudomembranous colitis with septic shock. 1727 24

This paper reports a case of fulminant pseudo-membranous colitis which did not lead to septic shock. The case was improved by combination therapy with direct hemoperfusion using polymyxin B-immobilized fiber and oral vancomycin. Direct hemoperfusion using polymyxin B-immobilized fiber has been demonstrated to have excellent therapeutic effects for the treatment of septic shock by removing circulating lipopolysaccharide. In the present case, the combination therapy dramatically improved clinical status of the patient. The clinical improvement occurred in parallel with a decrease in APACHE II score (from 20 to 14 points), serum levels of endogenous cannabinoids (anandamide and 2-arachidonylglycerol), and inflammatory cytokine (interleukin-6). Thus, direct hemoperfusion is strongly recommended in cases of fulminant pseudomembranous colitis, because direct hemoperfusion using polymyxin B-immobilized fiber reduces inflammatory cytokines by absorbing endogenous cannabinoids and, thereby, improves the patient's condition.
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PMID:Combination therapy with direct hemoperfusion using polymyxin B-immobilized fiber and oral vancomycin improves fulminant pseudomembranous colitis by reducing the elevated endogenous cannabinoids and inflammatory cytokines: report of a case. 1870 6