Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P43026 (lipopolysaccharide)
 62,215 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of high-molecular-weight hyaluronan (HA) on peritoneal and systemic inflammation and peritoneal permeability to water and solutes was studied during endotoxin-induced peritonitis in rats. Acute peritonitis was induced by adding lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to the dialysis fluid (Dianeal 3.86; Baxter Healthcare, Ireland, Castlebar). HA was added to the dialysis solution in a concentration of 10 mg/dL. During 4- and 8-hour dwells of the dialysis fluid, we studied the intensity of peritoneal (dialysate) and systemic (blood) inflammation (dialysate cell count and differential, cytokine and HA levels), as well as the transperitoneal transport of solutes and water. In rats, the addition of LPS to the dialysis fluid induced changes in inflammatory reaction and transperitoneal transport similar to those seen in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients with peritonitis. During peritonitis, the addition of HA to the dialysis fluid reduced the loss of ultrafiltration, which resulted in a greater peritoneal creatinine clearance during the 8 hours of dwell (29.9 +/- 6.7 mL/8 h in the HA-LPS group versus 19.7 +/- 7.8 mL/8 h in the LPS group; P < 0.05). Dialysate interferon-gamma (INF-gamma) levels during peritonitis were greater in HA-treated animals (536.8 +/- 296.6 pg/mL in the HA-LPS group versus 169.8 +/- 137.8 pg/mL in the LPS group; P < 0.05). Dialysate elastase activity increased during peritonitis (44.4 +/- 9.3 versus 14.2 +/- 4.1 U/mL in peritonitis-free rats); during peritonitis, the increase in dialysate elastase activity was less pronounced in the rats that had HA in the dialysate (27.3 +/- 4.1 U/mL versus the LPS group; P: < 0.01). We conclude that HA added to the dialysis fluid reduces loss of ultrafiltration during peritonitis in rats. In the presence of HA dialysate, INF-gamma levels during peritonitis increased, whereas elastase activity decreased; these changes might improve the peritoneal immune reaction during peritonitis and at the same time prevent peritoneal membrane injury.
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PMID:Hyaluronan modifies inflammatory response and peritoneal permeability during peritonitis in rats. 1122 85

Studies using animal models of peritoneal dialysis (PD) have commonly induced acute peritonitis by intraperitoneal (IP) administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We compared the effects of peritonitis induced by IP administration of either LPS or zymosan on inflammatory parameters [dialysate leukocyte counts and dialysate concentrations of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)] and peritoneal transport of fluid, small solutes (glucose), and macromolecules (total protein) in a mouse model of PD. Eighteen hours after induction of peritonitis, mice were studied by injecting 2 mL of 4.25% dextrose-containing PD solution into the peritoneal cavity for a 2-hour dwell. Concentrations of glucose, total protein, PGE2, and VEGF were determined in the dialysate effluent. Acute peritonitis induced by IP administration of LPS induced changes in peritoneal transport similar to those observed during clinical PD, but without a significant increase in the dialysate leukocyte count. In contrast, acute peritonitis induced by IP administration of zymosan induced a large increase in dialysate leukocyte count, more substantial changes in peritoneal transport, and increases in dialysate PGE2 and VEGF concentrations. We conclude that acute peritonitis induced by IP administration of zymosan in the mouse may be a more relevant model for clinical PD, because it produces substantial changes in peritoneal transport and leukocyte migration into the peritoneal cavity.
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PMID:Acute peritonitis in a C57BL/6 mouse model of peritoneal dialysis. 1788 6