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Query: UNIPROT:P43026 (lipopolysaccharide)
 62,215 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

5-lodo-2'-deoxyuridine (lUdR) significantly increases the total number of spleen cells on the fourth day after administration of 100 mg/kg in normal C3HeB/FeJ male mice. The number of splenic B-cells [cells sensitive to the cytotoxic activity of a rabbit antiserum to mouse F(ab)2, plus complement] increases on the same day. The number of T-cells (cells sensitive to the cytotoxic activity of a rabbit antiserum to mouse brain-associated theta antigen, plus complement) and of macrophages (adherent-phagocytic cells) does not increase. Spleen cells from lUdR-treated mice show heightened responsiveness in vitro to Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide or concanavalin A on Day 4 and Days 5 to 6, respectively. The rate of clearance of i.v.-injected colloidal carbon is also increased for 3 days after lUdR. Thus, lUdR is able to functionally activate either T- or B-cells or macrophages, but only to increase the number of splenic B-cells.
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PMID:Stimulatory effects of 5-lodo-2'-deoxyuridine on number and function of splenic B- and T-cells and of macrophages in C3HeB/FeJ mice. 108 70

Spleen cells from C3H/Hej mice (H-2k) respond poorly to the B-cell mitogen lipopolysaccharide in vitro as compared to the related strains C3H/Tif (H-2k) and CBA/Orl (H-2k). The electrokinetic properties of splenic lymphocytes from these 3 strains were investigated in parallel, in order to both quantitate low-mobility B cell and high-mobility T cell populations and measure their mean electrophoretic mobilities. C3H/Hej mice were found to possess the same proportion (55%) of LM cells as C3H/Tif and CBA/Orl mice. Therefore, the low LPS-responsiveness of C3H/Hej is not due to a numerical deficiency in B cells. Whereas the mean EPM of HM cells was identical in the 3 strains, that of LM cells was slightly (6%) but significantly (Student's t test, P less than 0.01) lower in C3H/Hej than in the high LPS-responder controls. This suggests that the membrane-structure required for activating interaction with LPS might contribute to B-cell electronegative surface-charge.
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PMID:Electrokinetic properties of splenic lymphocytes from the low-lipopolysaccharide responder C3H/Hej mice. 108 4

Removal of adherent cells or complement-mediated killing of rabbit thymus lymphocyte antigen (BTLA) bearing rabbit T lymphocytes did not abolish the responsiveness (increased thymidine incorporation) of lymphoid cells to antibody against immunoglobulin allotype, Nocardia water-soluble mitogen (NWSM), pneumococcal polysaccharide SIII (PPSIII), S. abortus lipopolysaccharide (LPS), lipid A conjugated to bovine serum albumin and a crude preparation containing C polysaccharide from the cell wall of Diplococcus pneumoniae. Isologous and heterologous antisera, directed against different portions of the Ig receptor, differed in their capacity to enhance thymidine incorporation. The difference in mitogenicity of these antisera was discussed in terms of the accessibility of cell-bound immunoglobulin receptor sites. Spleen cells, responsive to anti-allotype (Ab4) antiserum and B-cell mitogens, NWSM and PPSIII, were characterized by velocity sedimentation. The mean volume of NWSM- and PPSIII-responsive cells was larger than that of the cells responsive to anti-allotype antiserum. Fractionation of spleen cells on glass bead columns yielded a population of non-adherent cells which were two to six times as responsive to anti-Ab4 antiserum as the original spleen cell suspension. The responsiveness of peripheral blood lymphocytes to anti-Ab4 antiserum was significantly greater than that of spleen cells. On the other hand, spleen cells were more responsive to PPSIII than were cells from the peripheral blood, the popliteal and the mesenteric lymph nodes.
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PMID:Rabbit lymphoid cells. II. Anti-allotype antisera, lipopolysaccharide and other bacterial and fungal mitogens as probes for the identification of B-cell subpopulations. 108 19

Spleen cells from C3H/HeJ mice fail to respond with polyclonal antibody synthesis to mitogenic concentrations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) which are optimal for activating spleen cells from a high-responder strain (B10.5M). This unresponsiveness is selective for LPS, since C3H/HeJ cells respond as normals to another B-cell mitogen, purified protein derivative of tuberculin. Spleen cells from low-responder mice also fail to mount a specific anti-NNP plaque-forming cell (PFC) response, when challenged in vitro by NNP-LPS. However, C3H/HeJ cells develop normal responses to another thymus-independent hapten conjugate, DNP-AECM-Ficoll. C3H/HeJ mice fail to mount a specific anti-LPS antibody response, when challenged in vivo with doses of soluble LPS which are fully immunogenic for the high-responder strain. However, C3H/HeJ mice develop normal direct and indirect PFC responses to LPS, when challenged with a thymus-dependent form of the immunogen. These results are interpreted as indicating as absolute requirement for functional mitogenicity of the antigen, in the induction of specific thymus-independent antibody responses.
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PMID:Genetical control of B-cell responses. III. Requirement for functional mitogenicity of the antigen in thymus-independent specific responses. 109 88

Anti-rabbit thymocyte antibody can totally inhibit the induction of IgM production that ordinarily is observed whem lymphoid cells are incubated, in virto, in the absence of added antigen. Univalent as well as bivalent antithymocyte antibody preparations were inhibitory when added to cells before the induction of immunoglobulin production had occurred but not afterwards. Spleen cells that had been treated with antithymocyte antibody and then cultured with thymocytes for 72 hours exhibited an enhanced inducttion of immunoglobulin production. Untreated spleen cells also showed this property, although both untreated lymph node cells and lymph node cells treated with antithymocyte antiboyd did not respond to thymocytes. The enhancement of the induction of immunoglobulin production by lipopolysaccharide was found to be T-cell dependent as judged from studies using antithymocyte antibody.
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PMID:The absolute requirement for T-cells in the induction of IgM-secreting cells, in vitro. 109 73

Spleen cells from C3H/HeJ mice fail to develop both proliferative responses and increased polyclonal antibody secretion in the presence of concentrations of the B-cell mitogen lipopolysaccharide that are optimal for the induction of B-cell responses in conventional strains. This unresponsiveness is selective for lipopolysaccharide, since C3H/HeJ spleen cells respond normally to two other polyclonal B-cell activators-dextran-sulphate and purified protein derivative of tuberculin. These findings are interpreted as indicating a selective defect in the B-cell subpopulation that responds to lipopolysaccharides in conventional strains.
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PMID:Genetic control of B-cell responses. I. Selective unresponsiveness to lipopolysaccharide. 109 90

Spleen cells from mice infected with the rough Brucella melitensis strain B115 were fused with NSO myeloma cells. Hybridoma supernatants were screened in ELISA with cell walls (CW), sonicated cell extracts (CE) and rough lipopolysaccharide (R-LPS) of B. melitensis strain B115 and whole B. melitensis B115 cells. Surprisingly, 22 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) reacting in ELISA with both CW and CE but not with R-LPS and bacterial cells were shown by immunoblot analysis and ELISA to react with smooth lipopolysaccharide (S-LPS). These mAbs also reacted in ELISA with O polysaccharides (OPS) from the smooth Brucella abortus strain 99 and the smooth B. melitensis strain 16M and thus recognize epitopes present on the O-chain. Proteinase K LPS preparations from B. melitensis B115 analysed by immunoblotting with one mAb (12G12) recognizing S-LPS of both A and M specificity displayed the typical S-LPS high-molecular-mass ladder pattern but no S-LPS was detected in the phenol/water/chloroform/light petroleum LPS preparation of the same strain. mAb 12G12, specific for S-LPS, and a mAb (A68/03F03/D05) specific for R-LPS were used to localize the O-chain and R-LPS expressed in B. melitensis strain B115 by immunoelectron microscopy. Immunogold labelling was observed at the surface of B. melitensis B115 cells with the anti-R-LPS mAb but not with the anti-S-LPS mAb. In ultrathin sections, immunogold labelling with the S-LPS specific mAb was observed in the cytoplasm and in the periphery of the cytoplasm, probably at the cytoplasmic membrane.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:O-chain expression in the rough Brucella melitensis strain B115: induction of O-polysaccharide-specific monoclonal antibodies and intracellular localization demonstrated by immunoelectron microscopy. 138 11

We have investigated the ability of various antigen-presenting cell (APC) types to induce primary anti-viral cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses by single in vitro stimulation. Of these APC types, only dendritic cells (DC) and RMA-S lymphoma cells could induce primary CTL responses, but by divergent mechanisms. DC were capable of generating primary virus-specific CTL, either by presenting viral peptide or processed infectious virus. In contrast, RMA-S cells could not present endogenous antigen, e.g. after virus infection, but this cell line very efficiently presented exogenous viral peptides to induce primary virus-specific CTL in vitro. Spleen cells, lipopolysaccharide-induced B cell blasts or the non-mutated RMA cells did not have the ability to trigger unprimed T cells by single in vitro stimulation. We have investigated several characteristics important for primary CTL response induction by DC and RMA-S cells (summarized in Fig. 6). Primary CTL response induction by DC or RMA-S cells was blocked by anti-LFA-1 or anti-CD8 monoclonal antibodies (mAb). DC rapidly aggregated with unprimed T cells, which was independent of LFA-1 and CD8 molecules. RMA-S cells did not form conjugates with unprimed T cells. Despite their abundant major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I cell-surface expression, DC did not bind much exogenously added viral peptide. In contrast, the MHC class I molecules on RMA-S cells bound a large quantity of exogenously administered peptide. Powerful adhesion by DC and high expression of relevant MHC/peptide complexes on RMA-S cells are important features in the initial contact with unprimed T lymphocytes. In a later stage of contact, both DC and RMA-S cells activate LFA-1 (and CD8) molecules at the T cell surface to strengthen and maintain the contact between T cell and APC.
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PMID:Mechanisms of induction of primary virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses. 142 25

Spleen lymphocytes from C4-deficient (C4D) and Albany strains of guinea-pigs, 1-7 days, 3-6 and 12-16 months old, genetically related to inbred strains 13 and 2 respectively, were analysed in terms of their expression of cell surface markers, allogenic and T- and B-cell mitogenic responses, and interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-2 production. There were strain- and age-associated differences in phenotypic expression and immune responsiveness levels. In both strains a significant shift in immunocompetence apparently occurs postnatally before 3-6 months of age, with no further significant changes noticed in animals 12-16 months old. Phenotypic changes in cell surface markers did not always correlate with functional capability of lymphoid cells. H159+ (pan T) and H155+ (CD4) lymphocyte number and levels of T-cell responsiveness (mitogenic and allogenic responses, and IL-2 production) were higher in C4D neonates compared with age-matched Albany guinea-pigs or with young animals of the same strain. On the other hand, 31D2+ (B) lymphocytes in a significantly higher proportion in Albany neonates compared with similarly aged C4D, did not correlate at this age or at any other time with their proliferative response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or dextran sulphate (DS), two B-cell-specific mitogens.
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PMID:Strain- and age-associated differences in lymphocyte phenotypes and immune responsiveness in C4-deficient and Albany strains of guinea-pigs. 142 70

A study was conducted to determine the effect of monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) and trehalose dimycolate (TDM) as adjuvants on the protective responses in BALB/c mice vaccinated with Brucella abortus salt-extractable protein (BCSP) or proteinase-K-treated B abortus lipopolysaccharide (PKLPS). Mice were vaccinated with different doses of BCSP or PKLPS given alone or in combination with MPL or TDM. Mice were challenge-exposed 4 weeks later with virulent B abortus strain 2308. Two weeks after challenge exposure, the number of B abortus colony-forming units (CFU) per spleen, spleen weights, and spleen cell interleukin 1 production were measured. Serum IgG and IgM concentrations specific for vaccinal immunogens were measured before and after challenge exposure with B abortus. Spleen weights and mean B abortus CFU per vaccine group were significantly lower in BCSP- and PKLPS-vaccinated mice, compared with those of nonvaccinated control mice. Monophosphoryl lipid A enhanced the suppression of splenic infection when given with the BCSP vaccine, but not when given with the PKLPS vaccine. Trehalose dimycolate had no effect on mean CFU when given with BCSP, but incorporation of TDM resulted in a significant increase in mean CFU when given with PKLPS. Spleen weights in BCSP- or PKLPS-vaccinated mice were not different when these vaccines were combined with MPL or TDM. Because of the wide variation in the results, we could not conclude that vaccination with BCSP or PKLPS alone, or in combination with MPL altered spleen cell interleukin-1 production in B abortus-infected mice.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Monophosphoryl lipid A-induced immune enhancement of Brucella abortus salt-extractable protein and lipopolysaccharide vaccines in BALB/c mice. 145 39


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