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Query: UNIPROT:P43026 (lipopolysaccharide)
 62,215 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Strains of Bordetella pertussis varied in their ability to elicit (in mice) an antibody bactericidal for an antiserum-sensitive strain of B. pertussis, although antibody was usually detectable after only one injection. High titres were produced by a course of seven injections with all strains of B. pertussis tested (six of phase I and three of phase IV) but not with three strains of other Bordetella species nor with two unrelated organisms, a finding of possible taxonomic value. Preliminary investigations have not revealed whether strain vaiations are due to quantitative or qualitative differences in either the bacterial lipopolysaccharide or the carrier protein necessary for antibody production, or whether they may be due to differences in heat lability of 'bactericidal antigen'.
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PMID:Taxonomic distribution of the antigen eliciting bactericidal antibody for Bordetella pertussis. 4 92

Thymus of (C57Bl/6 x DBA/2) F1 mice was examined histologically, histochemically and ultrastructurally, seven days after intravenous injection of BCG, pertussis vaccine, lipopolysaccharide or human gamma globulin, or intraperitoneal injection of complete or incomplete Freund's adjuvants or of phytohemagglutinin. Only BCG induced a marked increase of the secretory activity of the thymic epithelium at all histological sites (cortex, corticomedullary junction and medullar). Only with this adjuvant was the epithelial hyperplasia associated with marked mitotic activity and high percentage of cells with cytoplasmic pyroninophilia among cortical lymphoid cells. The other substances tested produced different changes in the thymic epithelial cells according to the histologic zones. These results suggest that the epithelial cells of the cortex, the corticomedullary junction and the medulla respond differently to the agents tested and that the action of these substances upon thymus-dependent lymphoid cells may be indirect perhaps involving factors secreted by the epithelial cells.
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PMID:The effects of certain immunity systemic advuvants, PHA, and human gamma globulin on the thymic cortex of mice: a light and electron microscope study. 6 71

When mice were injected intracerebrally with doses of Bordetella pertussis vaccine greater than 5 ImD 50 and challenged intracerebrally 14 days later with virulent B. pertussis there was an immediate reduction in the numbers of organisms. An analysis of this in vivo bactericidal effect has shown that large doses of an unrelated vaccine, Salmonella typhosa, equivalent in cell mass to about 50 ImD 50 of B. pertussis vaccine can achieve this effect, so for such doses the effect must be partly non-specific. This action is not maintained and so is not ultimately protective. Local immunoglobulin was also demonstrable 14 days after 300 ImD 50 of B. pertussis vaccine but following smaller doses of 10-20 ImD 50 it could not be found until after the mice had been infected and the blood-brain barrier impaired. A similar immediate reduction in the numbers of infecting organisms inoculated 1 day after vaccination has been shown to follow very small, non-protective doses of vaccines unrelated to B. pertussis and to be achieved with lipopolysaccharide and endotoxin isolated from B. pertussis. Brains were not sterilized and only in mice receiving protective B. pertussis vaccine was the lowering of infection maintained beyond 2 days and the brains eventually sterilized. The antibody passively protecting mice against intracerebral infection was found in the 19S and 11 S globulin fractions of the serum of once-vaccinated mice and in the 11 S and 7 S fractions of the serum of rabbits and ascitic fluid of mice receiving repeated doses of vaccine. The IgM probably eliminated infections by immediate sterilization but had to be present locally to do so since it was unable to pass from the circulation into the brain, and was therefore inactive when injected intraperitoneally. The IgA and IgG were not so restricted and both the 11 S and 7 S globulins were capable of exerting an immediate suppressive effect on infecting organisms. The 7 S globulin was also capable of a maintained or delayed suppressive effect. Lymphocytes from fully protected once-vaccinated mice, transferred 2-3 weeks after intraperitoneal vaccination, were able to confer some protection when injected intraperitoneally or intracerebrally into recipient mice infected 2 weeks after transfer. Homologous, non-concentrated antiserum from once-vaccinated mice, injected intraperitoneally 1 hr. before infection sometimes augmented the transferred immunity, whereas alone it was inactive.
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PMID:The effects of humoral, cellular and non-specific immunity on intracerebral Bordetella pertussis infections in mice. 16 75

Intraperitoneal treatment of mice with adjuvants affects the in vitro response of their lymphocytes toward class-specific mitogen. Spleen cells from animals injected with Corynebacterium parvum organisms showed in some cases an increase in their response to all mitogens, while in other experiments, a moderate decrease in the reaction to T-specific mitogens (concanavalin A and phytohemagglutinin) was found. Injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and in particular Bordetella pertussis bacteria, brought about a marked reduction in the response of spleen cells to B mitogens (LPS and PPD) but had little or no effect on the reaction to the T mitogens. Intraperitoneal administration of B. pertussis caused a marked depletion of lymph nodes and a high level of lymphocytosis. Blood cells of the treated mice showed an increased response to T mitogens, whereas mesenterial lymph node cultures reacted higher than the controls to LPS and without stimulation. No change was noted in the responses of cells from the axillary lymph nodes of these pertussis-treated mice.
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PMID:Effects of in vivo administered B. pertussis and other adjuvants on the mitotic responses of lymphocytes in vitro. 19 Jan 70

Preferential enhancement of IgE antibody response was observed in BALF/c mice by the administration of Bordetella pertussis with antigen (DNP-Salmonella). Correlation between B cell mitogenic activity and adjuvant action among B. pertussis, Salmonella, lipopolysaccharide of Escherichia coli and Ficoll was examined but was not found. Thymus-derived cells seemed necessary to develop adjuvant action of B. pertussis since antibody response in athymic nude mice was not influenced by B. pertussis. Helper function of adoptively transfered spleen cells was enhanced by immunization of the donor mice with carrier antigen in the presence of B. pertussis. The magnitude of enhancement was greatest in IgE class. The results indicated that preferential enhancement of IgE antibody formation by B. pertussis is mediated by the augmentation of carrier-specific helper function.
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PMID:Preferential enhancement of IgE antibody formation by Bordetella pertussis. 19 43

Data presented in this work indicated that antigens, contrastive by toxicity, obtained by Boiven's method and O'Neill and Tood's method from two strains of Bordetella pertussis differed by stability of lipid A binding with the specific polysaccharide. The influence of duration of the lipopolysaccharide hydrolysis on the fatty acid content in lipid A, and of heptose in the specific polysaccharide was demonstrated. Lipid A fatty acid composition was studied. It is supposed that bound fatty acids are presented as C14 and C19--C22. There was a correlation between the antigen toxicity and the stability of lipid A bond with the specific polysaccharide. Stability of the lipopolysaccharide complex bond depended on heptose and lipid A content and on the composition and the amount of fatty acids in the lipid A preparations.
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PMID:[Comparative study of lipid A from pertussis microbes differing in the toxicity of their O-antigens. I. Chemical composition and stability of the bond between lipid A and the specific polysaccharide in B. pertussis lipopolysaccharide]. 21 60

The adjuvanticity of a phenotypic (C-mode) variant of B. pertussis, known to be deficient in certain immunological and physiopathological properties, was compared to that of the normal (X-mode) strain. The X-mode vaccine was a potent adjuvant for induction of hyperacute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis to guinea-pig spinal cord in Lewis rats whereas C-mode vaccine was inactive. X-mode vaccine was also highly active in the induction of reaginic (both IgE and IgGl) antibodies to ovalbumin in mice while C-mode vaccine caused only a transitory increase in the IgE level. These data support the view that an adjuvant component of B. pertussis, which is probably identical with the histamine-sensitizing and leukocytosis promoting factor, is much diminished in C-mode cells while the lipopolysaccharide adjuvant remains unchanged.
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PMID:Loss of adjuvanticity in rats for the hyperacute form of allergic encephalomyelitis and for reaginic antibody production in mice of a phenotypic variant of Bordetella pertussis. 50 Jan 13

The potentiation effect of various adjuvants on the production of guinea-pig IgE was investigated using Freund's complete and incomplete adjuvant, the lipopolysaccharide of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhosa, Bordetella pertussis, and the nematodes Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and Ascaris suum. While all the antigens had a variable effect on the potential of the IgG response, only infection with A. suum resulted in an enhanced IgE response to the antigen, egg albumin. Maximum potentiation occurred when primary immunization and nematode infection were accomplished simultaneously.
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PMID:Effect of Ascaris suum and other adjuvants on the potentiation of the IgE response in guinea-pigs. 50 Jan 18

Two derivatives of wax D, one possessing immunogenicity and the other adjuvant activity, were tested for the possible role in the induction of adjuvant arthritis (AA) in rats. The former, a water-soluble arthritogenic and immunogenic component (WAC), in incomplete Freund's adjuvant, was able to induce delayed hypersensitivity (DH) and mild AA, but failed to function as an adjuvant in rats. The latter, an acetylated wax D (AD) and its subfraction, AD6, did exert adjuvant activity, but were free from immunogenicity and arthritogenicity. The addition of AD or AD6 to the WAC in incomplete Freund's adjuvant, when injected into inguinal lymph nodes, resulted in the production of severe AA with high incidence. Other adjuvants such as pertussis vaccine and lipopolysaccharide could not replace AD6; they failed to enhance AA when combined with the WAC. Also, other mycobacterial antigen, PPD, could not replace wax D-derived WAC; it did not induce AA when coupled with AD6, although it did induce DH to PPD.
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PMID:Synergism of immunogenic and adjuvant-active components of mycobacterial wax D in the induction of adjuvant arthritis. 82 21

Heat-labile, rat skin-fixing antibodies were detected readily in the sera of young female mice dosed intranasally with the body fluid of Ascaris suum (ABF) and the adjuvant, Bordetella pertussis vaccine (BPV). In addition, washed cell suspensions prepared from spleen and the lymph nodes regional to the lungs were positive in an adoptive cutaneous anaphylaxis assay, an assay which may detect activities of reagins associated with mast cells rather than reaginic antibody-secreting cells. The intraperitoneal route was a poor means of inducing circulating anti-ABF reagins and an intraperitoneal injection of ABF + BPV delayed the appearance of circulating reagins in mice dosed at the same time with ABF + BPV intranasally. Hypothymic female BALB/c. nu/nu ('nude') mice failed to produce circulating reagins to ABF but an injection of normal thymocytes or cortisone-resistant thymocytes from syngeneic female mice led to higher titers of circulating reagins than found in normal female BALB/c. nu/+ littermates. Using cells from young male or female syngeneic donors and male and female BALB/c. nu/mu recpiients, evidence was obtained for a defect in the thymus of young male mice and conceivably this defect may extend to the peripheral T cell population in such mice. Cyclophosphamide pretreatment or adrenalectomy increased circulating reagin titers in normal mice dosed intranasally with ABF + BPV, and pretreatment with lipopolysaccharide intranasally markedly reduced titers of circulating anti-ABF reagins. In the discussion, emphasis is given to the hypothesis that potent allergens are T cell-stimulating, relatively persistent antigens which, when located in submucosal lymphoid sites and under conditions of limited antibody production as a result of limited recruitment of 'helper' T cells systemically, lead to the induction and sustained production of IgE by resident Bxi cells and their progeny.
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PMID:Studies on immune responses to parasite antigens in mice. II. Aspects of the T cell dependence of circulating reagin production to Ascaris suum antigens. 108 24


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