Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P43026 (lipopolysaccharide)
 62,215 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The use of the artificial antigen abequosylmannoside copolymer with acrylamide in the enzyme immunoassay for the determination of antibodies in the sera of salmonellosis patients has enhanced the specificity of the serological diagnosis of group B salmonellosis in comparison with the use of the natural antiren, S. typhimurium lipopolysaccharide.
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PMID:[Use of an artificial antigen simulating the Salmonella O-determinant 4 for determining antibodies to Salmonella group B O-antigen in immunoenzyme analysis]. 242 4

Sera from 339 adult febrile patients in Pakistan were tested for antibodies to Salmonella typhi lipopolysaccharide by indirect immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and IgM capture ELISA. A total of 55 patients had S. typhi cultured from their blood, 20 had S. typhi cultured from their stool, 24 were blood or stool culture positive for S. paratyphi A, 41 were culture negative but clinically diagnosed as having enteric fever, 41 had gastrointestinal or urinary tract infections, 41 were clinically diagnosed as having malaria, 20 were smear-positive patients with malaria, 58 had respiratory infections, and the remaining 39 individuals were placed in a miscellaneous group who did not have Salmonella infection. The sensitivities of the indirect IgG ELISA, indirect IgM ELISA, and IgM capture ELISA determined with specimens obtained from the blood culture-positive patients with typhoid fever (positive controls) were 80, 64, and 62%, respectively. The specificities of the assays determined with sera from the patients with respiratory infections (negative controls) were 95, 95, and 97%, respectively. The percentage of smear-positive patients with malaria who were positive by these assays was lower than that in the negative control group. The percentages of individuals in the other patient categories who were positive by these tests were between those obtained with the positive and negative controls. Of the positive controls, 26 were positive by both IgM assays, 9 were IgM positive only by indirect ELISA, and 8 were IgM positive only by IgM capture ELISA. A total of 70% of the positive control patients who were tested for O agglutinins by the Widal tube agglutination assay were positive; however, 29% of the negative control patients were also positive. The indirect IgG ELISA was the single most effective test for the serodiagnosis of typhoid fever in this population.
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PMID:Indirect immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and IgM capture ELISA for detection of antibodies to lipopolysaccharide in adult typhoid fever patients in Pakistan. 275 2

We have produced monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) to the Rb core and lipid A regions of Salmonella lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and have assessed their ability to inhibit LPS-mediated mitogenic responses in vitro, and to protect against LPS toxicity and lethal Salmonella infection in vivo. Monoclonal antibodies RC-8 and RC-16 were specific for LPS Rb core determinants, and MoAb LA-1, LA-2, LA-3, LA-4 and LA-5 were specific for lipid A. Anti-lipid A MoAb LA-2, LA-3 and LA-5 were found to abrogate mitogenic responses of C3H/HeN spleen cells to smooth S. typhimurium LPS (S LPS) and to rough S. minnesota R595 LPS (Re LPS). Monoclonal antibody LA-5 was effective in extending the median length of survival of C3H/HeN mice challenged with a lethal dose of either S LPS or Re LPS. Antibody LA-2 could extend the median length of survival of C3H/HeJ mice challenged with Re LPS but not with S LPS, and failed to extend significantly the length of survival of S LPS-challenged C3H/HeN and DBA/2 mice. Neither 20 micrograms of anti-Rb core or anti-lipid A MoAb nor 200 micrograms of anti-lipid A MoAb were able to protect C3H/HeN or BALB/c mice, respectively, against lethal infection with S. typhimurium SR-11. These results suggest that the importance of anti-lipid A antibodies in host defence may lie more in their ability to neutralize pathological effects of LPS, than in their ability to protect against bacterial infection.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibodies to salmonella lipopolysaccharide: functional analysis of anti-lipid A antibodies. 329 50

C3H/HeJ mice were immunized intraperitoneally (i.p.) with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-lipid A-associated protein (LAP) complexes or with purified protein-free LPS prior to lethal i.p. or intravenous Salmonella typhimurium LT2 challenge. Our results demonstrated that these Salmonella-hypersusceptible mice can be effectively protected against 1,000 100% lethal doses of S. typhimurium LT2 (i.e., 1,000 viable bacteria) administered by intravenous challenge when previously immunized with LAP-LPS complexes. In contrast to these results, immunization with LPS afforded markedly less protection regardless of the route of challenge, thus suggesting that the LAP portion of LAP-LPS complexes may be necessary for inducing protection against Salmonella infections. For most experiments, antigens were emulsified in complete Freund adjuvant (CFA); however, the CFA portion of the vaccine was suggested not to be an essential component for the induction of immunity to Salmonella infections, since equivalent levels of protection were obtained when it was omitted from the vaccine. The induction of immunity to murine salmonellosis by prior immunization with CFA-LAP-LPS was demonstrated not to be a transient phenomenon, since C3H/HeJ mice were still protected against lethal S. typhimurium LT2 challenge as late as 225 days postimmunization.
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PMID:Protection of C3H/HeJ mice from lethal Salmonella typhimurium LT2 infection by immunization with lipopolysaccharide-lipid A-associated protein complexes. 353 Oct 11

Outer membrane proteins (OMP) extracted from both smooth (C5) and rough (Rb2) strains of Salmonella typhimurium were able to induce protective immunity to salmonellosis. The OMP-induced protection lasted for at least 6 months. The antibody level was estimated by passive hemagglutination. In the C5 OMP-immunized mice, antibodies to both proteins and lipopolysaccharide were detected. On the other hand, in the Rb2 OMP-immunized mice, antiprotein but not antilipopolysaccharide antibodies were detected. Delayed-type hypersensitivity appeared as early as the second week after immunization with OMP and persisted through the fourth week.
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PMID:Protective immunity induced by outer membrane proteins of Salmonella typhimurium in mice. 354 42

An enzyme immunoassay, with phenol-water extracted lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Brucella abortus as antigen, was used to detect the class-specific antibody response in sera from 173 patients with B. abortus, B. melitensis or B. suis infection. Sera from 30 patients with salmonellosis, yersiniosis or tularaemia and from 25 healthy individuals served as controls. The B. abortus LPS antigen permitted a safe diagnosis of acute and chronic brucellosis with high IgM and rising IgG titres in sera collected in the acute stage of the disease, and with elevated IgG titres only in the chronic stage. The B. abortus LPS antigen also permitted a specific diagnosis with the exception of the high titres estimated in sera from patients with Yersinia enterocolitica 09 infection. The problem with that well-known reciprocal cross-reactivity was overcome by using two additional antigens: Y. enterocolitica 09 native and periodate oxidized and borohydride reduced LPS preparations. In sera from patients with brucellosis high titres were estimated against all three antigens, whereas in sera from patients with yersiniosis caused by serotype 09 high titres were measurable only with the B. abortus and the Y. enterocolitica native LPS antigens. These data suggest that the B. abortus and Y. enterocolitica 09 LPS share one antigenic determinant resistant to periodate oxidation and borohydride reduction, and that in addition the Y. enterocolitica 09 LPS has a determinant which is sensitive to periodate oxidation and borohydride reduction.
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PMID:Enzyme immunoassay of the antibody response to Brucella and Yersinia enterocolitica 09 infections in humans. 617 1

Peripheral blood lymphocytes collected from calves infected experimentally with Salmonella typhimurium (O antigens 4,5,12) or Salmonella sp. serotype dublin (O 9,12) were stimulated with various bacterial cell envelope components, and their [3H]thymidine incorporation was measured. It was found that peripheral blood lymphocytes from infected calves incorporated significantly more [3H]thymidine than peripheral blood lymphocytes from uninfected controls (P values ranged from less than 0.05 to less than 0.0005). The responder cell type was found in a B-cell-depleted and T-cell-enriched population. The Salmonella infections elicited T-cell responses against at least two cell envelope components: (i) a specific response against the O-antigenic polysaccharide chain of the lipopolysaccharide (This was evident in that a polysaccharide from S. enteritidis [O 9,12] which shares a trisaccharide structure [O antigen 12 determinant] with S. typhimurium stimulated [3H]thymidine uptake, which, although lower than in the homologous system, was significantly higher than that seen after incubation with unrelated Salmonella sp serotype thompson polysaccharide.) and (ii) a response against outer membrane proteins (porins), which are present in both S. typhimurium and Salmonella sp. serotype dublin. The experiments with peripheral blood lymphocytes from Salmonella sp. serotype dublin-infected calves gave results in excellent agreement with those obtained in S. typhimurium-infected calves.
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PMID:Salmonella typhimurium infection in calves: specific immune reactivity against O-antigenic polysaccharide detectable in in vitro assays. 618 Sep 88

The present investigation reports the production of monoclonal antibodies to antigenic determinants of the O-polysaccharide of Salmonella typhimurium lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and assesses the effectiveness of these antibodies in protecting C3H mice against the lethal effects of Salmonella infection. Hybridomas were generated by fusing spleen cells from (BALB/c X A/J)F1 (CAF1) mice hyperimmunized by i.v. injection with acetone-killed S. typhimurium SR-11 with X63-Ag8.653 murine myeloma cells. Hybridomas producing antibodies reactive with S. typhimurium SR-11 whole cells were subcloned, and seven of the resulting clones as well as one previously described clone were selected for use in the studies reported here. Monoclonal antibodies from these eight clones were of the IgG1 (1), IgG3 (6), or IgM (1) isotype and were specific for the O-polysaccharide region of Salmonella LPS, reacting with LPS from smooth S. typhimurium SR-11 and LT-2, but not with LPS from rough S. minnesota R60 (Ra), R345 (Rb), or R595 (Re). The effectiveness of each monoclonal antibody in protecting C3H/HeN and C3H/HeJ mice against the lethal effects of Salmonella infection was evaluated by comparing the median length of survival of groups of mice given antibody by i.p. injection before i.p. challenge with virulent S. typhimurium SR-11 to that of animals that received no antibody. Three out of eight monoclonal anti-O-polysaccharide antibodies, ST-1 (IgM), 10-5-47 (IgG3), and 10-5-6 (IgG3), provided significant (p less than 0.01) protection to C3H/HeN mice challenged with approximately 10(4) LD100 of Salmonella. Only antibodies ST-1 and 10-5-6, however, extended the median length of survival of C3H/HeJ mice beyond that of infected controls. Mouse antiserum prepared against S. typhimurium SR-11 was equally protective in C3H/HeJ mice. In an attempt to understand the contribution of antibody specificity to the relative differences in the protective capacities of the monoclonal antibodies, their reactivities with several Salmonella reference strains of different classical serotypes were examined. Although some differences in reactivity against the different strains were apparent, this approach was not adequate for defining the fine specificity of these monoclonal antibodies. The results of this study provide evidence that monoclonal antibodies with specificity to the O-polysaccharide region of Salmonella LPS can protect C3H mice against challenge with the homologous bacterial strain.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibodies to Salmonella lipopolysaccharide: anti-O-polysaccharide antibodies protect C3H mice against challenge with virulent Salmonella typhimurium. 620 84

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for determination of the IgA, IgM and IgG antibody responses against a lipopolysaccharide antigen representing Shigella sonnei phase I bacteria. Two or more sera from 33 patients infected with Shigella sonnei were collected during a 12 month period after onset of the disease. Convalescent sera from 56 patients with other enteric infections (salmonellosis, yersiniosis, campylobacteriosis) and sera drawn from 40 healthy blood donors served as controls. Twenty-eight of the 33 patients (85%) had at least one serum specimen where two or three of the immunoglobulin titres were classified as positive (greater than + 2SD above mean titres seen in healthy blood donors), whereas only ten of 56 patients (18%) with other enteric infections had similarly elevated titres (p less than 0.001). The Shigella sonnei ELISA using purified lipopolysaccharide as antigen is considered more sensitive and specific than the formerly used agglutination tests.
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PMID:Antibody response to Shigella sonnei infection determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. 634 88

Studies of various mouse strains in the C3H lineage have shown that there is no correlation between innate susceptibility to Salmonella infection and sensitivity to the toxic or mitogenic effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). C3H/HeNCrlBR mice were Salmonella resistant, but sensitive to the toxic and mitogenic effects of LPS, whereas C3HeB/FeJ mice were Salmonella susceptible as the C3H/HeJ mice, yet were mitogenically responsive to LPS and sensitive to its lethal effects. Furthermore, other mouse strains (C3H/HeTex and C3H/HeDub) displayed intermediate susceptibility to Salmonella infection and were responders to the mitogenic and toxic effects of LPS. These results are interpreted to mean that endotoxemia cannot be a major factor in the pathogenesis of Salmonella infection and provide evidence for the involvement of multiple factors in the control of innate resistance to Salmonella infection in mice of the C3H lineage.
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PMID:Dissociation of innate susceptibility to Salmonella infection and endotoxin responsiveness in C3HeB/FeJ mice and other strains in the C3H lineage. 704 74


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