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Query: UNIPROT:P43026 (lipopolysaccharide)
 62,215 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The comparative study of the chemical composition, immunobiological activity and some physico-chemical properties of lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin) of Brucella cultures isolated from myomorph rodents in the North Caucasus has been carried out. Lipopolysaccharide obtained from these cultures has been found to be most similar to B. suis lipopolysaccharide. The authors suggest that the strains isolated from myomorph rodents outside the foci of brucellosis affecting livestock should be regarded as a separate biotype of B. suis.
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PMID:[Biological and physicochemical properties of Brucella isolated from murine rodents]. 640 78

Trichloroacetic (TCA) extraction of B. melitensis 115, or hot saline extraction of B. melitensis 16M yields a polysaccharide component that can be purified free of protein and lipopolysaccharide by gel filtration and TCA precipitation. Antibodies to this polysaccharide can be detected in sera of rabbits infected with virulent Brucella but not with B. abortus 19. Similarly, cattle with active brucellosis and humans with acute brucellosis develop antibodies against this polysaccharide. After extraction and purification, this polysaccharide does not elicit antibody response in rabbits or mice. It does not fix the complement, does not bind to red cells or to polystyrene plates.
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PMID:Studies on the polysaccharide B and native haptene of Brucella and Yersinia enterocolitica serotype 9. 643 95

Progress since 1975 in the development of methods for the diagnosis of brucellosis is summarized. Standard serological diagnosis improved with increased use of acidified antigen agglutination and complement fixation tests. Immunoassays, tests based on the lysis of lipopolysaccharide coated erythrocytes and tests using new antigens have increased the sensitivity and specificity of serological results. The field of cellular immunology has seen the development and field evaluation of a skin test using refined antigens and the assessment of in vitro assays of cellular activity using purified protein and crude brucella antigens. Potential diagnostic uses of these methods are discussed. Bacteriological procedures were improved by introduction of stomachers and improved culture media. The isolation of new Brucella phages and development of a thin layer chromatography method for the determination of oxidation metabolic profiles were advanced in the characterization of Brucellae. Progress was also made in the development of immunoassays for the detection of Brucella antigens in host tissues. The selection of control groups, quality control studies and problems of standardization are areas that require greater attention in future methods development work. Major achievements of the period were 1) demonstrations that diagnosis sensitivity can be increased by new assays for antibody and cellular responses, 2) new methods to discriminate between anti-Brucella abortus and anti-Yersinia enterocolitica 0:9 responses, 3) a radial immunodiffusion test that detects most actively infected cattle, and 4) the simplification and extension of oxidative metabolic and phage typing tests. Advances in clinical microbiology and molecular biology have created new opportunities to improve diagnostic methods in the next decade.
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PMID:Recent progress in the diagnosis of brucellosis. 643 99

The efficiency of 4 serological test: Rose Bengal (RB), complement fixation (CF), gel diffusion (GD) and radial immunodiffusion (RID) for diagnosing Brucellosis in sheep was compared. RID and CF were also used to evaluate sheep serological response following REV 1 vaccination. Crude smooth lipopolysaccharide (LPS-S) and Polysaccharide B antigens obtained from B. melitensis 16 M were used in GD and RID tests respectively. In experiment 1, two hundred and sixty five sera from adult unvaccinated sheep were studied. The animals used belonged to 4 different flocks, in which was bacteriologically proved the existence of B. melitensis infection. RB positive reaction was obtained in 122 sera being 100, 87 and 91 of these, positive to CF, GD and RID respectively. In experiment 2, one hundred and one ewes from 5 to 10 months of age (and CF negative) were subcutaneously inoculated with 2.10(9) viable Rev 1 organisms. All animals were bled at 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 24, 28 and 52 weeks after being vaccinated, and their serological response to CF and RID tests was studied. The percentage of CF reactors between the 24th and the 52nd weeks decreased from about 30% to less than 8%. The RID reactors in weeks 24 and 52 were 1% and 0% respectively when a concentration of 15 micrograms of Polysaccharide B per ml of gel was used.
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PMID:Evaluation of a radial immunodiffusion test for diagnosing brucellosis in sheep and its possible value for differentiating infected from Brucella melitensis REV 1 vaccinated sheep. 643 9

An hemolysis-in-gel test (HIGT) for bovine antibody against Brucella abortus was developed and evaluated. Sera to be tested were placed in wells in an agarose gel containing guinea pig complement and J-negative bovine erythrocytes coated with lipopolysaccharide prepared from B. abortus biotype 1. After incubation, zones of hemolysis were produced by positive sera. The activity of some positive sera was heat labile, but was restored to heated sera by addition of a crude preparation of the first component of bovine complement. The HIGT was compared with the complement fixation test (CFT), the buffered antigen plate test (BPAT), the standard tube agglutination test (STAT) and the standard plate agglutination test (SPAT), using sera from 1041 brucellosis-free cattle, from 51 cattle infected with B. abortus biotype 1 or biotype 4, and from six heifers vaccinated with strain 19. Three of 1041 sera (0.29%) from brucellosis-free cattle were HIGT-positive, ten (0.96%) were BPAT-positive, and none were positive in the CFT, STAT, or SPAT. The HIGT was more sensitive, and detected infection earlier than the other tests in the case of B. abortus biotype 1 infection, but was less sensitive for biotype 4 infection. In vaccinated heifers, HIGT reactions appeared later than reactions to the other tests, and persisted as long as 565 days. Further studies are needed to standardize the HIGT test conditions and to improve its sensitivity for B. abortus biotype 4 infections. Attempts to determine the effects of LPS antigen prepared from different biotypes of B. abortus are in progress.
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PMID:An hemolysis-in-gel test for bovine brucellosis. 643 10

Two murine monoclonal antibodies of the IgG3 class have been isolated after immunization with Brucella abortus. An indirect immunofluorescence test was used to screen hybridoma supernatants and subsequently to determine the cross-reactivity of the monoclonal antibodies with other bacteria. One monoclonal antibody reacted with all the smooth Brucella biotypes tried and with Yersinia enterocolitica serogroup 0:9, though not with rough Br. ovis or with strains of Escherichia, Proteus, Salmonella, Pseudomonas, Francisella and Bordetella. The other monoclonal antibody displayed a high degree of specificity for brucellae carrying the A lipopolysaccharide-protein surface antigen. The implications for the diagnosis of brucellosis are discussed.
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PMID:A monoclonal antibody specific for the A antigen of Brucella spp. 643 72

Low-molecular glucopeptide stimulated protection against brucellosis without the accumulation of complete antibodies and the increase of skin sensitivity. Water-insoluble lipopolysaccharide, though inducing the intensive synthesis of circulating antibodies and moderately pronounced delayed hypersensitivity, did not stimulate protection against brucellosis. This suggests that the cellular mechanisms and among them the system of mononuclear phagocytes, play the leading role in immunity to brucellosis.
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PMID:[Immunological characteristics of the cellular components of Brucellae]. 652 72

A double immunodiffusion test for precipitins against Brucella antigen A2 was developed and applied to a variety of samples. The A2 precipitins were produced by a heifer infected with B. abortus strain 2308, cattle vaccinated with killed B. melitensis strain H38 or live B. abortus strain 19 and by a dog infected with B. canis. Precipitins were also detected in the second International Standard for anti-Brucella abortus serum, in several anti-B. canis sera and at low levels in one anti-B. ovis serum tested. Antisera produced in calves against Yersinia enterocolitica serotype 0:9 had no anti-A2 activity despite titers greater than or equal to 1/1024 and greater than or equal to 1/80 in standard Brucella agglutination and CF tests, respectively. The test for A2 precipitins lacked specificity as weak reactions were obtained with five of 295 sera from brucellosis-free herds. This test was relatively insensitive, detecting precipitins in only 16 of 24 sera from infected cattle and 27 of 54 sera positive by complement fixation and enzyme labelled antiglobulin tests performed with whole cell and smooth lipopolysaccharide antigens, respectively. The A2 precipitins were detected in nine sera from five cattle, in two infected herds, which were negative by agglutination and complement fixation tests.
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PMID:The bovine immune response to Brucella abortus IV. Studies with a double immunodiffusion test for antibody against A2. 679 Jan 44

The study of 270 serum samples obtained from chronic brucellosis patients in the passive hemagglutination test have revealed that in the presence of specific brucellosis hemagglutinins cross reactions with Yersinia antigen may occur. This phenomenon is probably due to the presence of common antigenic determinants in the lipopolysaccharide fractions of Brucella abortus 99 and Yersinia enterocollitica 09. The passive hemagglutination test has revealed that 2-mercaptoethanol-sensitive antibodies (IgM) to both homologous and heterologous antigens are mainly present in chronic brucellosis patients.
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PMID:[Importance of cross reactions in evaluating the serological diagnosis of human brucellosis. II. Examination of brucellosis patients by the passive hemagglutination reaction using homologous and heterologous erythrocyte diagnostica]. 681 29

A modification of the competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (C-ELISA) for differentiating the antibody response of cattle vaccinated with Brucella abortus strain 19 and B. abortus infected cattle is described. This assay utilizes lipopolysaccharide as the antigen, immobilized on a polystyrene matrix, and a monoclonal antibody (M84) with specificity for an epitope of the O-polysaccharide. A goat anti-mouse IgG antibody-enzyme conjugate is used for detection. The specificity of the modified assay was 99.7% when 1446 sera from brucellosis free herds were tested and it correctly identified 636 sera from B. abortus infected cattle as positive, using a cut-off of 30% inhibition, for a sensitivity estimate of 100%. No reactions were noted among 261 sera from vaccinated cattle. However, in testing 1147 sera that gave positive reactions in the buffered plate antigen test, the indirect ELISA, the complement fixation test or a combination of these tests from the serum bank, 31 gave positive reactions. Twenty-seven of the 31 sera originated from recently vaccinated cattle. The overall specificity for sera from vaccinated cattle was 97.3%. Because of the sensitivity and specificity of this procedure and its ease of performance, it would be a reasonable alternative as a single assay for serological diagnosis of brucellosis.
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PMID:Improved competitive enzyme immunoassay for the diagnosis of bovine brucellosis. 750 88


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