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Query: UNIPROT:P41181 (collecting duct)
 5,183 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The ampullary collecting duct epithelium acts as an inductor in the embryonic and neonatal kidney. It induces the formation of all nephron generations and thus determines the whole architecture of the kidney. As the organ matures, the collecting duct epithelium itself transdifferentiates. The ampullary inductor epithelium, which appears homogeneous as revealed by light microscopy, develops into the well-known heterogeneous epithelium of the mature collecting duct consisting of light principal and dark intercalated cells. Up to now the mechanisms initiating and regulating this transdifferentiation step are unknown. Only very few data are available concerning functional characteristics of the ampullary epithelial cells of neonatal rabbit kidney. Therefore, a characterization of the collecting duct ampullary cells was carried out by means of immunohistological techniques using a set of different monoclonal antibodies and the lectin peanut agglutinin. All epithelial cells within the ampullary tip and neck were positive for cytokeratin 19, an intermediate filament protein. On the other hand, the monoclonal antibody CD 7 revealed a clear cut boundary between the ampullary neck and the ampullary tip region. Furthermore, after incubation with the monoclonal antibody BO-7 specifically reacting with intercalated cells of the mature collecting duct, both labeled and unlabeled cells were observed within the whole ampullary epithelium. These results were confirmed by scanning electron microscopical investigations which revealed two distinct epithelial cell populations. Thus, an unexpected heterogeneity of the ampullary epithelium could be demonstrated.
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PMID:Histochemical markers reveal an unexpected heterogeneous composition of the renal embryonic collecting duct epithelium. 769 94

During kidney development the embryonic ampullar collecting duct (CD) epithelium changes its function. The capability for nephron induction is lost and the epithelium develops into a heterogeneously composed epithelium consisting of principal and intercalated cells. Part of this development can be mimicked under in vitro conditions, when embryonic collecting duct epithelia are isolated from neonatal rabbit kidneys and kept under perfusion culture. The differentiation pattern is quite different when the embryonic collecting duct epithelia are cultured in standard Iscove's modified Dulbecco's medium as compared to medium supplemented with additional NaCl. Thus, the differentiation behavior of embryonic CD epithelia is unexpectedly sensitive. To obtain more information about how much influence the medium has on cell differentiation, we tested medium 199, basal medium Eagle, Williams' medium E, McCoys 5A medium, and Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium under serum-free conditions. The experiments show that in general, all of the tested media are suitable for culturing embryonic collecting duct epithelia. According to morphological criteria, there is no difference in morphological epithelial cell preservation. The immunohistochemical data reveal two groups of expressed antigens. Constitutively expressed antigens such as cytokeratin 19, P CD 9, Na/K ATPase, and laminin are present in all cells of the epithelia independent of the culture media used. In contrast, a group of antigens detected by mab 703, mab 503, and PNA is found only in individual series. Thus, each culture medium produces epithelia with a very specific cell differentiation pattern.
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PMID:The influence of culture media on embryonic renal collecting duct cell differentiation. 1050 Oct 86

The expression of MUC1, MUC2, mucin-associated Thomsen-Friedenreich-related antigens (TF, sialosyl-TF, Tn, and sialosyl-Tn), and cytokeratin 19 (CK19) was systematically investigated in situ in 58 resected human kidney tumours, surrounding tissue of normal appearance, and two normal kidneys obtained at autopsy, using monoclonal antibodies. In kidney tissues of normal appearance, TF, s-TF, MUC1 and CK19 were positive in distal tubules and collecting ducts but negative in proximal tubules. In contrast, MUC2, Tn, and s-Tn were negative throughout the normal renal tubular system. Almost all renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) showed strong immunoreactivity for MUC1, but all were negative for MUC2. Some RCCs expressed TF, Tn, s-Tn, and CK19. In addition, the immunomorphological characteristics of the majority of clear-cell RCCs and clear/granular RCCs with anti-MUC1 and anti-CK 19 closely resembled those of the collecting duct and the distal tubule rather than the proximal tubule. In the renal tissue of otherwise normal appearance adjacent to clear-cell RCCs and clear/granular RCCs, clear cells with excessive storage of glycogen were often found in the collecting duct system, but only rarely in the proximal tubules. These results suggest that the majority of clear-cell RCCs and clear/granular RCCs may originate from the collecting duct system.
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PMID:Expression of MUC1, Thomsen-Friedenreich-related antigens, and cytokeratin 19 in human renal cell carcinomas and tubular clear cell lesions. 1075 1

The current classification system of renal tumors is based on morphologic criteria, as supported by genetic findings. We present a group of previously unclassified tumors with similar morphologic and genetic features, suggesting a new entity within renal neoplasms. Seven renal tumors from five patients (ages 31-67 years) were analyzed. All cases were stained with periodic acid-Schiff, Hale's colloidal iron (HCI), and Alcian blue (AB) at pH 2.5/1.0 with and without hyaluronidase (HA) digestion. Immunohistochemical (IHC) stains were performed for CK8, CK18, CK19, vimentin, villin, Tamm-Horsfall protein (THP), renal cell carcinoma marker (RCC), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), ulex europaeus agglutinin (UEA-1), soy bean agglutinin (SBA), peanut agglutinin (PNA), and MIB-1. Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) studies were performed on all cases. All tumors showed circumscribed growth, a tubular growth pattern with focal solid areas, no significant nuclear atypia and absence of necrosis, desmoplasia, or inflammation. Abundant extracellular mucin was present. Immunohistochemistry stains support collecting duct origin (EMA+, PNA+, SBA+/-, CK 8/18/19+, vimentin+/-, UEA-1-, RCC-, villin-, THP-). The proliferative rate was low (<1%). CGH showed multiple consistent chromosomal losses (-1,-4, -6, -8, -9, -13, -14, -15, -22). Clinical outcome was favorable, with recurrences but no known distant metastases or death of disease. These findings are distinct from all previously classified renal neoplasms. Our data suggest the presence of a unique tumor entity within tumors of probable collecting duct origin: tubular-mucinous renal tumors of low malignant potential.
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PMID:Low-grade tubular-mucinous renal neoplasms: morphologic, immunohistochemical, and genetic features. 1242 95

To distinguish common epithelial tumors arising in the kidney may have significant implications, in terms of molecular ontogeny and prognosis. It is important to investigate the distribution of immunoexpression of commonly used markers among renal neoplasms and to develop a useful panel as an adjunct to histologic examination, which could lead to the accurate diagnosis of both primary and metastatic tumors. Immunohistochemical stains for CD10, vimentin (VIM), E-cadherin (E-CD), cytokeratins (CK) 7, 8, 19, and 20, high molecular weight keratin (HCK), and peanut lectin agglutinin (PL) (Arachis hypogaea) were performed on 45 (96 for CK7, CK20) conventional (CC), 20 papillary (PC), and 6 (24 for CK7, CK20) chromophobe renal carcinomas (CPC); 12 oncocytomas (OC); 5 collecting duct carcinomas (CDC), and 25 urothelial carcinomas of the renal pelvis (UC). Reactivity for CD10 was evaluated on the basis of the presence of cell surface staining; that for all CKs, cytoplasmic/membranous staining; and that for PL, luminal staining. Both CD10 and VIM were predominantly expressed in CC and PC; E-CD in CPC, OC, and UC; CK7 in PC, CPC, and UC; CK8 and CK19 in CDC and UC; CK20 in UC; HCK in CDC and UC; and PL in CDC. CC and OC were predominantly CK7-/CK20-; PC, CK7+/20-; CPC, CK7+/CK20- or CK7-/CK20-; and UC, CK7+/CK20- or CK7+/CK20+. CDC showed slight predominance of CK7-/20- over CK7+/CK20-. CC was most frequently CD10+/CK7-/HCK-/PL-; PC, CD10+/CK7+/HCK-/PL-; CPC, CD10-/CK7+/HCK-/PL-; OC, CD10-/CK7-/HCK-/ PL-; CDC, CD10-/CK7+/HCK-/PL+ or CD10-/CK7-/ HCK+/PL+; and UC, CD10-/CK7+/HCK+/PL-. Discriminant analysis suggested that CD10/CK7/HCK/PL may be a useful primary immunopanel for distinguishing among CC, PC, CDC, and UC.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical profile of common epithelial neoplasms arising in the kidney. 1261 43

During generation of artificial tissues high levels of oxygen are usually available whereas after implantation into a recipient's body the implant is not vascularized immediately, which leads to low oxygen partial pressures within the implanted tissue. Under these conditions cells will experience an oxygen shortage, contrasting with the abundance of oxygen during culture. It is uncertain whether tissues can be trained to tolerate such an acute hypoxic situation so that nonphysiological stress reactions and tissue necrosis can be avoided. To investigate the effects of varying oxygen levels on embryonic renal tissue in vitro we have been developing a model system combining continuous medium renewal with the ability to control levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide by gas equilibration through gas-permeable tubing. Renal embryonic tissue from neonatal rabbit was cultured in serum-free Iscove's modified Dulbecco's medium at 45, 90, 115, and 160 mmHg oxygen partial pressure for 14 days under continuous medium exchange in such a setup. After a 14-day culture period tissue sections were analyzed by cell biological methods and compared with fresh tissue histology. Surprisingly, embryonic renal explants survive and maintain good morphology for 14 days under all O(2) conditions tested. Expression of cytokeratin 19 within the established epithelium remains unchanged, indicating a structurally intact tissue. However, Na/K-ATPase is clearly downregulated under low O(2) conditions, whereas COX-2 expression increases drastically. An antiparallel effect of decreased O(2) concentrations on glycoprotein expression can be demonstrated with the lectin Dolichos biflorus agglutinin. Scanning electron microscopy reveals oxygen-dependent changes in cellular surface differentiation of developed collecting duct epithelium.
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PMID:Controlled respiratory gas delivery to embryonic renal epithelial explants in perfusion culture. 1536 75

Adult renal epithelial neoplasms (RENs) comprise several distinct clinicopathologic entities with potential prognostic and therapeutic differences. Individual cases can show overlapping morphologic features, necessitating the use of ancillary methods. The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic utility of cytokeratin (CK) subtype expression pattern in a wide range of adult RENs. RENs (including clear cell [conventional] renal cell carcinoma (RCC), papillary RCC, chromophobe RCC, renal oncocytoma, collecting duct carcinoma (CDC), renal medullary carcinoma (RMC), urothelial carcinoma, metanephric adenoma (MA), tubulocystic carcinoma (TC) (also known as low-grade collecting duct carcinoma), and mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma) were immunostained for CK subtypes (CK5/CK6, 7, 8, 13, 14, 17, 18, 19, 20), high molecular weight CKs 1, 5, 10, 14 (HMWCK), and vimentin (Vim). The expression pattern of normal kidney was also examined and correlated with RENs. Although there is some overlap, subtypes of RENs show distinctive CK expression profiles that may be useful in several differential diagnostic settings. Clear cell RCCs typically showed a restricted expression pattern of CK8, CK18 and Vim. Papillary RCCs typically expressed CK7, CK8, CK18, CK19, and Vim and could be distinguished from MA (CK7-). Chromophobe RCCs were typically CK7+, CK8+, CK18+, and Vim-, and could be distinguished from oncocytomas (typically CK7-). In oncocytomas, nonspecific staining of unblocked endogenous biotin is a potentially significant diagnostic pitfall. CDC, RMC, and TC demonstrated similar CK expression profiles (with the exception of HMWCK expression limited to CDC), supporting a close relationship between these entities. A panel of CK5/CK6, CK17, and Vim may be helpful in distinguishing CDC (typically CK5/CK6-, CK17-, Vim+) and urothelial carcinoma (typically CK5/CK6+, CK17+, Vim-). In conclusion, CK expression patterns may be helpful in several differential diagnostic situations when dealing with adult RENs.
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PMID:Distribution of cytokeratins and vimentin in adult renal neoplasms and normal renal tissue: potential utility of a cytokeratin antibody panel in the differential diagnosis of renal tumors. 1700 Nov 69

Renal oncocytoma, conventional RCC (granular cell type) and chromophobe RCC have different prognosis. Sometimes differentiation between them is difficult in HandE slides. In a 5-year study of 128 renal tumors, we selected 76 cases [30 conventional RCC (CRCC), 16 papillary RCC, 21 chromophobe RCC (ChRCC), 8 oncocytoma, 1 collecting duct carcinoma (cdc)] and staining with Hale's colloidal iron, CK7, CK8, CK18, CK19, CK20, Vimentin, EMA, CD10 and RCC marker were done. No significant difference was seen between renal tumor subtypes with CK8, CK18, CK19, CK20 and EMA. The most useful markers were Vimentin, CK7, CD10, RCC marker and Hale's colloidal iron. Hale's colloidal iron staining with diffuse reticular fine cytoplasmic pattern was present in ChRCCs, but was absent in other subtypes and oncocytomas. Vimentin, CK7, CD10, RCC marker and Hale's colloidal iron can be used for the differential diagnosis of problematic epithelial tumors of kidney (CRCC, ChRCC and oncocytoma) - i.e. ChRCC: Vimentin, CD10 and RCC marker - negative, CK7 - positive and positive diffuse fine reticular cytoplasmic pattern of Hale's colloidal iron; oncocytoma: Vimentin, CK7, RCC marker and CD10 - negative and Hale's colloidal iron - negative; CRCC: CK7 - negative, Vimentin, CD10 and RCC marker - positive and Hale's colloidal iron - negative.
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PMID:Useful markers for differential diagnosis of oncocytoma, chromophobe renal cell carcinoma and conventional renal cell carcinoma. 1860 73

The relationship between tubulocystic carcinoma and collecting duct carcinoma of the kidney remains controversial. Some experts are of the opinion that the tumors are related, considering tubulocystic carcinoma to be synonymous with low-grade collecting duct carcinoma. However, others maintain that the 2 are distinct, unrelated entities on the basis of morphologic features and clinical outcome. To explore the relationship between tubulocystic carcinoma and collecting duct carcinoma, we compared the expression of several gene products at the mRNA level in cohorts of each tumor subtype. Seven cases of tubulocystic carcinoma and 8 cases of collecting duct carcinoma were identified. Total RNA was isolated from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue from each case. Relative expression levels of vimentin, alpha methylacyl CoA racemase, E-cadherin, p53, CD10 antigen, parvalbumin, cytokeratin 7, and cytokeratin 19 were assessed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Tubulocystic carcinoma was characterized by relative overexpression of vimentin, p53, and alpha methylacyl CoA racemase, compared with collecting duct carcinoma (P<0.05 for each gene, t test). In general, tubulocystic carcinoma expressed higher levels of E-cadherin and CD10, whereas collecting duct carcinoma expressed higher levels of cytokeratin 19; however, these trends did not reach statistical significance in this study cohort. Tubulocystic carcinoma and collecting duct carcinoma did not express cytokeratin 7 differentially. Case-to-case variability of gene expression limited the effectiveness of any one marker to distinguish the tumor types. Our study demonstrates that tubulocystic carcinoma and collecting duct carcinoma have different expression profiles of selected genes, including vimentin, p53, and alpha methylacyl CoA racemase. Further analysis of additional cases, using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry, will be useful to test the reproducibility of these findings. In addition, larger studies may establish statistical differences in expression of other genes analyzed in this study. Overall, these findings support the view that tubulocystic carcinoma and collecting duct carcinoma should be considered as 2 distinct entities at the molecular level.
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PMID:Comparison of gene expression profiles in tubulocystic carcinoma and collecting duct carcinoma of the kidney. 1939 Apr 20

A 55-year-old man who presented himself with gross hematuria and right back pain was found to have a right renal mass with evidence of metastasis to the lymph nodes, bone and lung (cT1bN1M1). He underwent a transperitoneal right nephrectomy. Tumor expressed markers of CD10, P504S and CK19 immunohistochemically, so histopathological examination revealed tubulocystic carcinoma of the right kidney (pT3a). After the patient received sunitinib therapy, computed tomography revealed reduction in the size of the metastatic lung nodule and lymph nodes, indicating a partial response. He is alive without disease progression at 12 months after nephrectomy. Tubulocystic carcinoma has been referred to by Amin et al as low-grade collecting duct carcinoma and is not yet included in the World Health Organization (WHO) 2004 classification of renal tumors. The cells lining the tumor range from cuboidal to columnar and have large nuclei with low-grade changes and abundant eosinophilic or amphophilic cytoplasm. Hobnail cells are commonly seen. Immunohistochemically, tubulocystic carcinomas are strongly positive for markers of the proximal nephron (CD10, P504S) and the distal nephron (parvalbumin, CK19). Despite a low nuclear grade, tubulocystic carcinomas occasionally show progressive behavior clinically. Although there is no established salvage therapy, sunitinib was found to be effective for this patient.
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PMID:[Tubulocystic carcinoma of the kidney]. 2219 Dec 79


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