Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P39060 (endostatin)
 2,284 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) is a drug bearing multiple preventive properties that can inhibit genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. NAC also inhibits invasion and metastasis of malignant cells, as well as tumor take. We recently demonstrated the effects of NAC on Kaposi's sarcoma cells supernatant-induced invasion in vitro and angiogenesis in vivo. Many anticancer agents act through cytotoxicity of rapidly proliferating cells and several antineoplastic drugs induce apoptosis of cancer cells. Since endothelial cells are the target for the inhibition of angiogenesis, we wanted to verify that NAC, while inhibiting tumor vascularization and endothelial cell invasion would not induce endothelial cell apoptosis. We tested the ability of NAC to modulate apoptosis and cytogenetic damage in vitro and to promote differentiation on a reconstituted basement membrane (matrigel) in two endothelial cell lines (EAhy926 and HUVE). Treatment with NAC protected endothelial cells from TGF-beta-induced apoptosis and paraquat-induced cytogenetic damage. Therefore, NAC acts as an antiangiogenic agent and, at the same time, appears to prevent apoptosis and oxygen-related genotoxicity in endothelial cells.
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PMID:Antiapoptotic and antigenotoxic effects of N-acetylcysteine in human cells of endothelial origin. 1106 41

Our goal was to discover genes differentially expressed in the perichondrium (PC) of the mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC) that might enhance regenerative medicine or orthopaedic therapies directed at the tissues of the temporomandibular joint. We used targeted gene arrays (osteogenesis, stem cell) to identify genes preferentially expressed in the PC and the cartilaginous (C) portions of the MCC in 2-day-old mice. Genes with higher expression in the PC sample related to growth factor ligand-receptor interactions [FGF-13 (6.4x), FGF-18 (4x), NCAM (2x); PGDF receptors, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta and IGF-1], the Notch isoforms (especially Notch 3 and 4) and their ligands or structural proteins/proteoglycans [collagen XIV (21x), collagen XVIII (4x), decorin (2.5x)]. Genes with higher expression in the C sample consisted mostly of known cartilage-specific genes [aggrecan (11x), procollagens X (33x), XI (14x), IX (4.5x), Sox 9 (4.4x) and Indian hedgehog (6.7x)]. However, the functional or structural roles of several genes that were expressed at higher levels in the PC sample are unclear [myogenic factor (Myf) 9 (9x), tooth-related genes such as tuftelin (2.5x) and dentin sialophosphoprotein (1.6x), VEGF-B (2x) and its receptors (3-4x) and sclerostin (1.7x)]. FGF, Notch and TGF-beta signalling may be important regulators of MCC proliferation and differentiation; the relatively high expression of genes such as Myf6 and VEGF-B and its receptors suggests a degree of unsuspected plasticity in PC cells.
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PMID:Differential gene expression in the perichondrium and cartilage of the neonatal mouse temporomandibular joint. 1962 18

The basement membrane zone (BMZ) appears as three component layers: the lamina lucida, lamina densa, and lamina reticularis. The laminas lucida and densa are present during all stages of development. The lamina reticularis appears during postnatal development. Collagens I, III, and V form heterogeneous fibers that account for the thickness of the lamina reticularis. Additionally, there are three proteoglycans considered as integral components of the BMZ: perlecan, collagen XVIII, and bamacan. Perlecan is the predominant heparan sulfate proteoglycan in the airway BMZ. It is responsible for many of the functions attributed to the BMZ, in particular, trafficking of growth factors and cytokines between epithelial and mesenchymal cells. Growth factor binding sites on perlecan include FGF-1, FGF-2, FGF-7, FGF-10, PDGF, HGF, HB-EGF, VEGF, and TGF-beta. Growth factors pass through the BMZ when moving between the epithelial and mesenchymal cell layers. They move by rapid reversible binding with sites on both the heparan sulfate chains and core protein of perlecan. In this manner, perlecan regulates movement of growth factors between tissues. Another function of the BMZ is storage and regulation of FGF-2. FGF-2 has been shown to be involved with normal growth and thickening of the BMZ. Thickening of the BMZ is a feature of airway remodeling in asthma. It may have a positive effect by protecting against airway narrowing and air trapping. Conversely, it may have a negative effect by influencing trafficking of growth factors in the epithelial mesenchymal trophic unit. However, currently the significance of BMZ thickening is not known.
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PMID:Postnatal development of the lamina reticularis in primate airways. 2050 89