Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P30536 (PBS)
 9,886 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A small endodeoxyribonuclease )2.3 S) that is active on single-stranded DNA has been extensively purified from Escherichia coli so as to be free of other known DNases. It has an alkaline pH optimum (9.5), requires Mg2+, and makes 3'-hydroxy and 5'-phosphate termini. The nuclease nicks duplex DNA, particularly if treated with OsO4, irradiated with ultraviolet light, or exposed to pH 5. The uracil-containing duplex DNA from the Bacillus subtilis phage PBS-2 is an especially good substrate; it is made acid-soluble by levels of the enzyme which fail to produce any acid-soluble material in other single-stranded or duplex DNAs. Neither RNA nor RNA-DNA hybrid are degraded by the enzyme. The enzyme specificity suggests that it might act at abnormal regions in DNA, so that its in vivo function could be to initiate an excision repair sequence. Its high activity on uracil-containing DNA could imply that the enzyme provides an alternative mechanism for excising uracil residues from DNA to the pathway utilizing uracil-DNA N-glycosidase. We suggest that this enzyme be designated as endonuclease V of E. coli.
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PMID:Endonuclease V of Escherichia coli. 1 59

Bacteriophage PBS 1 adsorbs initially on the flagella of its host, Bacillus subtilis (stage I). The phage can adsorb to both active and inactive flagella. Flagellar attachment is nonspecific as PBS 1 was shown to attach to the flagella of Bacillus species other than the normal host B. subtilis. The phage particle then quickly moves down the length of the flagellum to its base, the final adsorption site. Flagellar motion is required for flagellar base attachment (stage II). After proper attachment at the flagellar base, the phage tail sheath contracts sending the tail core through the final adsorption site (stage III). The phage DNA is then injected at this site (stage IV). Stage I adsorption does not cause loss of motility in PBS 1 -- resistant bacilli. The loss of motility observed upon infection of sensitive cells by PBS 1 may be associated with either stage II or stage III of adsorption.
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PMID:Adsorption of Bacillus subtilis bacteriophage PBS 1. 11 63

The DNA isolated from rat virogenic XC cells transformed by Rous sarcoma virus retains standard transfecting activity for 7 months when the DNA solution in 0.1 X PBS, containing 10% glycerol is stored at -70 degrees C. The value of the sedimentation constant S20w does not significantly change during storage.
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PMID:Long-term preservation of transfecting activity of DNA isolated from rat virogenic XC cells transformed by Prague strain of Rous sarcoma virus. 17 78

Pulmonary macrophages of mice in the steady state were isolated by lavage with PBS containing EDTA and subsequent enzymatic digestion of tissue with pronase and DNA-ase. By this method, the total pulmonary macrophage population was obtained in two cell suspensions, one with a pure population of pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAM) and the other with a mixed population of pulmonary alveolar and pulmonary tissue macrophages (PTM). The morphological, cytochemical, and functional characteristics of both PAM and PTM were like those of mature tissue macrophages except for the presence of C3 receptors. These receptors were almost absent on PAM and present on a larger number of cells in the mixed population of PAM and PTM. The total pulmonary macrophage population of mice in the steady state is approximately equal to 2 x 10(6), of which about 93% are PAM and about 7% are PTM. In labeling experiments with 3H-thymidine, the low in vitro labeling indices (less than 3%) for both PAM and the mixture of PAM and PTM, showed that both are essentially nondividing cells. In vivo labeling studies showed an increase in the number of labeled macrophages that can only be attributed to labeled monocytes migrating into the lungs. Additional evidence was provided by a decrease in the labeling indices of pulmonary macrophages when mice were treated with hydrocortisone acetate, which causes a severe monocytopenia, thus preventing monocyte influx into the lungs. Confirmation of the bone marrow origin was obtained in mice labeled after x-irradiation with partial bone marrow shielding: labeled pulmonary macrophages were found in the exposed lungs. In all experiments, the labeling indices were identical in the two macrophage populations isolated. These results show that the influx of monocytes is the source of cell renewal for the pulmonary macrophages. No indications for an interstitial division or maturation compartment in the lung were found. Quantitation of the efflux of labeled monocytes from the blood, and the number of labeled pulmonary macrophages, showed that in the steady state about 15% of the monocytes leaving the circulation become pulmonary macrophages and that the turnover time of pulmonary macrophages is approximately equal to 27 d.
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PMID:Origin, Kinetics, and characteristics of pulmonary macrophages in the normal steady state. 44 91

We have isolated a new mutant of Bacillus subtilis temperature sensitive in DNA replication; its properties are those of an initiation mutant. When liquid cultures are shifted to 48 degrees DNA replication is the first macromolecular synthesis that stops, but only after synthesis of the amount of DNA predicted for the completion of one replication round. When spores of the mutant are germinated and shifted to 48 degrees at subsequent times, one round of DNA replication is observed only when the shift occurs between 60 and 100 min; earlier shifts do not allow replication to start, later shifts allow more than one replication. The DNA replicated after a shift to high temperature is enriched in markers close to the terminus. The reinitiation of DNA replication stopped by the high temperature, takes place following a shift to a permissive temperature only if protein synthesis is allowed. Examination of DNA replication following toluene treatment shows that the elongation of DNA chains is not affected at the non-permissive temperature. This mutant is shown by PBS-1 mapping to correspond to a new gene denominated dna P, which is located between the thy A and fur A genes and is distinct from all the mapped dna and rec genes of Bacillus subtilis. The mutation confers to the cells also a deficiency in the ability to be transformed, to be transfected with SPP1 phage DNA, and to survive treatment with methyl-methane sulfonate. These deficiencies, observed at the permissive temperature, are no more temperature dependent than in the parental strain. The ability to perform homologous and heterologous transduction with PBS-1 phage and the sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation or mitomycin C are normal.
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PMID:A new mutant of Bacillus subtilis altered in the initiation of chromosome replication. 81 Jun 58

Methylmercury (MeHg: 5 mg Hg/kg maternal body weight) in 0.13 M NaCl, 0.01 M NaH2PO4-Na2HPO4, pH 7.4 (PBS) administered to gravid CFW mice on day 12, hour 6 (12(6)) of gestation induced a high incidence of cleft palate in fetuses examined on days 15(6) (72%), 16(6) (62%) and 17(6) (40%). Palate closure (100%) in PBS control animals occurred by 14(10). One day post MeHg administration, total fetal protein was decreased 22% while DNA content was unaltered. Protein was maximally decreased (28%) on 14(6) and, thereafter, returned toward control levels. Alterations in DNA content followed a similar pattern; but the maximal decrease (32%) occurred on 15(6). The rate of fetal protein synthesis was depressed 5% at 12(9) and between 20% to 26% from this time to 13(6) (end of observation). The agreement between the calculated decrease in protein synthesis (19%) and the measured decrease in protein content (22%) suggests that a reduction in protein synthesis is responsible for the decreased fetal protein content. Placental blood flow and fetal water space, measured with 3H--H2O at 12(18), were not affected by MeHg treatment. However, fetal free amino acid concentrations at 12(18) were generally decreased (alanine, 23.0%; valine, 9.7%; methionine, 22.6%; isoleucine, 12.0%; leucine, 18.2%) while uptake of the non-metabolizable amino acid, 14C-cycloleucine, was decreased 23%. From this, it is concluded that the growth inhibitory effects of MeHg are related, at least in part, to impaired placental/fetal transfer of amino acids.
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PMID:Effects of methyl mercury on murine fetal amino acid uptake, protein synthesis and palate closure. 92 35

The Hedley method for DNA ploidy analysis on paraffin-embedded tissue allows retrospective studies of large numbers of common and rare tumors for which treatment, progression, and outcome are known. However, the technique is cumbersome and has many variables, only some of which can be controlled at the time of laboratory analysis. We performed DNA ploidy analyses on two blocks from two islet cell tumors and on five blocks from two colon carcinomas. Sections of 50-microns thickness were deparaffinized in xylene, rehydrated in graded alcohols and in distilled water, and disaggregated with various enzymatic treatments: 0.05% pepsin (30 and 90 min), 0.5% pepsin (30 and 90 min), 0.05% protease (60 min), and 0.1% protease (60 min). The cell suspensions obtained were filtered, washed in PBS, and visually evaluated in a hemocytometer. Nuclei were treated with RNAse (0.1%) and stained with 50 micrograms/ml propidium iodide. Results were evaluated with the following criteria: (a) recovery of DNA aneuploid and/or G2M cells (cell-cycle analysis and visual evaluation); (b) coefficient of variation of the major peak (DNA diploid or DNA aneuploid depending on the case); (c) amount of debris (background events and visual evaluation); (d) mean channel for the G0G1 peak; (e) event rate; and (f) G2M/G0G1 ratio. The best results were observed with 0.05% protease when there was tissue necrosis and hence cell fragility, with 0.1% protease when there was significant tissue fibrosis, and with 0.05% pepsin (90 min) when there were intact cellular specimens without fibrous entrapment. The original procedure using 0.5% pepsin for 30 min produced less cell recovery, and histogram quality similar to or worse than these modifications in all cases studied.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Enzymatic treatments on paraffin blocks for DNA flow cytometry. 134 22

Stage I and II breast cancer is thought to be operable cancer. Possible surgical methods for such breast cancer could be grossly divided total mastectomy and breast preserving surgery (BPS) with axillary node dissection. In is necessary to obtain clear surgical margin after performing BPS. However it is difficult to know preoperatively the exact resected margin which is either clear or not. In order to select the cases performing BPS, we intended to compare the degree of coexisting intraductal component with histologic types and some factors such as DNA ploidy. ER and expression of cerb B-2 which is concerned in the malignant potential of breast cancer. Intraductal component is more frequently seen in papillotubular carcinoma. Diploid tumor is increased with increasing intraductal component in breast cancer. Precise postoperative microscopic study of resected specimen and tight observation of the patients received PBS for long period should be emphasized. We used methylsalicylate packed method on 2mm slice in thick by Wellings for postoperative histological study and investigated the intraductal architectural spreading under the dissecting microscope. This method is useful to define the three-dimensional architecture of spreading of intraductal carcinoma. After proving clear surgical margin by this analysis, we usually do not recommend the radiation therapy.
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PMID:[Surgery in the treatment of stage I, II breast cancer]. 147 Jan 43

A rapid three-step DAPI technique is proposed for detecting meiotic stages and sperm head evolution in yolky, fertilized stick insect eggs, which were difficult to analyze with other methods. Fixed eggs were freed from chorionic envelopes and stained directly in DAPI/PBS solution. After rinsing, eggs were singly squashed in a drop of mounting buffer and examined under a microscope with incident fluorescent illumination. The method was almost uniformly successful, and direct observation of nuclear structures, coupled with fluorometry, allowed easy recognition of bivalents, diads, pronuclei and their DNA content. The DAPI method proposed here appears particularly helpful for investigating unusual reproductive modes in eggs with large amounts of yolk.
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PMID:Rapid assessment of maturation stage and reproductive mode in centrolecytic eggs of stick insects (Phasmatodea) using DAPI stain. 148 38

This study examined the influence of ovarian steroids on the uterotropic actions of relaxin (RLX) in ovariectomized prepubertal gilts. Ovariectomized gilts received (im) corn oil (CO), estradiol benzoate (EB), or EB and progesterone (P) for 0-16 days. Steroid administration was patterned to approximate the plasma concentrations of endogenous ovarian steroids observed during 1) the follicular phase (EB), 2) luteal phase (EB+P), and 3) early pregnancy (EB+P+EB). Half of each group also received PBS or 0.5 mg RLX every 6 h for 54 h, coinciding with the final 2 days of the experimental period. After hysterectomy, uterine tissues were analyzed for water, dry matter, protein, DNA, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), and collagen contents. Administration of EB or P increased uterine weight 5- to 6-fold, but no differences were observed between EB+P- and EB+P+EB-treated gilts. Cotreatment with RLX enhanced steroid-induced uterine growth 40-70%, and RLX stimulated growth in CO- and EB+CO control gilts 2- to 3-fold. The water content of uterine tissues was greater in EB-, EB+P-, and EB+P+EB-treated gilts than in their respective controls, and this response was augmented by RLX in all treatment groups. Administration of steroids stimulated a 4- to 5-fold increase in uterine dry weight compared to that in controls, with responses not differing between EB+P- and EB+P+EB-treated gilts. In all groups, RLX increased uterine dry weight. Protein and DNA contents of uterine tissue increased with steroid treatment, but neither variable differed between EB+P- and EB+P+EB-treated gilts. Administration of RLX, alone or in combination with steroids, increased protein and DNA contents of uterine tissues. The tissue content of GAGs increased in response to steroids, and coadministration of RLX did not alter this response. Although the uterine tissue concentration of collagen was reduced in steroid- and RLX-treated gilts, the collagen content of the uterus was not affected by the various treatments. The results of this study indicate that RLX is a potent stimulator of uterine growth under a variety of steroidal environments. RLX- or steroid-induced uterine growth was manifest by increased water, dry matter, protein, and DNA and GAG contents, but the uterine content of collagen was not affected. The overall growth-promoting effects of EB and the stimulation of DNA accretion by RLX were not observed when gilts were cotreated with P.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Influence of ovarian steroids on relaxin-induced uterine growth in ovariectomized gilts. 159 36


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