Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P30536 (PBS)
 9,886 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Androgen dependent epididymal proteins act as antigen to produce autoantibodies and affect normal fertility. In the present study, epididymal proteins were analyzed during the time of sexual maturation and their androgen dependency was studied in male albino mice. Epididymis of 21 days (Pre-pubertal), 45 days (Pubertal), 60 days (Post-pubertal), orchidectomized (15 days after surgery) and orchidectomized with testosterone-treated (15 days after treatment) mice were dissected out and analyzed. Caput, corpus and cauda epididymidis were separated and the protein extract was prepared with 0.1 M PBS for 10% SDS-PAGE analysis. Testosterone assay was performed in the experimental groups except the testosterone treated group. The electrophoretic analysis of proteins in caput, corpus and cauda epididymidis of orchidectomized animals showed the disappearance of several proteins as compared to the adult. However, the disappeared proteins started to reappear in testosterone treated animals. The results suggest that removal of testis depletes the testosterone level and causes significant alteration in epididymal proteins. These proteins need further investigation for the purpose of immunocontraception by using them as antigens.
 ...
PMID:Analysis of epididymal proteins during sexual maturation in male albino mice. 1181 49

Parasitism of Lacanobia oleracea larvae by the ectoparasitic wasp Eulophus pennicornis suppressed host haemocyte-mediated encapsulation of Sephadex DEAE A-25 beads in vivo. Beads dissected out of parasitized larvae had fewer haemocytes associated with them. Moreover, those haemocytes that were associated with the beads tended to retain a rounded configuration and rarely flattened. Similar results were obtained using in vitro encapsulation assays. SDS PAGE indicated that for parasitized and PBS injected larvae, there were some differences in the plasma proteins that bound to Sephadex DEAE A-25 beads, suggesting that parasitism-mediated changes to host plasma proteins might contribute to the differences in the encapsulation response occurring in these larvae. However, in vitro encapsulation assays using beads that had been pre-incubated in plasma from parasitized and unparasitized larvae, demonstrated that major differences in the extent of encapsulation did not occur. These results, plus in vitro haemocyte attachment and spreading assays, suggest that parasitism-mediated suppression of encapsulation is primarily due to reductions in the ability of host haemocytes to attach to (i.e., recognize) and flatten over non-self surfaces and other haemocytes. This proposal is corroborated by staining of actin in the haemocyte cytoskeleton by FITC-labelled phalloidin, which indicated that parasitism disrupts the formation of stress fibers and focal adhesions in plasmatocytes. By contrast, experimental injection of adult female wasp venom into unparasitized L. oleracea larvae had no significant effect on in vivo encapsulation responses or the haemocyte cytoskeleton. Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 49:108-124, 2002. Published 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
 ...
PMID:Parasitism of Lacanobia oleracea (lepidoptera) by the ectoparasitic wasp, Eulophus pennicornis, disrupts the cytoskeleton of host haemocytes and suppresses encapsulation in vivo. 1181 26

We examined whether any changes were induced in cellular proteins by an inhibitor of acylpeptide hydrolase (ACPH) (EC 3.4.19.1), acetylleucine chloromethyl ketone (ALCK), which was shown in our previous report to induce apoptosis of human U937 cells. Extract prepared from U937 cells in 0.05% Triton X-100-PBS was incubated with ALCK at 37 degrees, and then analyzed using SDS-PAGE. A 36kDa protein in the cell extract was decreased markedly during the incubation period. This protein was purified and identified as glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH, EC 1.2.1.12) by its specific enzyme activity, N-terminal amino acid sequence, and Western blotting. Incubation of purified GAPDH with ALCK resulted in a decrease of GAPDH activity, but not in a decrease in the amount of GAPDH. The ALCK-induced GAPDH decrease in the cell extract was abrogated by co-incubation with a serine protease inhibitor, diisopropyl fluorophosphate, suggesting that GAPDH was first inactivated by ALCK, and subsequently degraded by a serine protease(s). GAPDH degradation was also observed in U937 cell cultures in the presence of ALCK. The significance of GAPDH inhibition in the apoptotic process is discussed.
 ...
PMID:Degradation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase induced by acetylleucine chloromethyl ketone in U937 cells. 1203 70

IgY, the egg yolk immunoglobulin, equivalent to the IgG from mammals, has been used in veterinary practice for passive immunisation against bacterial or viral infectious diseases. Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is the main etiological agent of infantile diarrhoea in Brazil and other developing countries. Our aims were to isolate immunoglobulin IgY from egg yolk laid by EPEC -immunised Leghorn chickens and to study its reactivity to the antigens from this pathogen, including some virulence factors. Leghorn chickens were immunised with a bacterial suspension intramuscularly (three hens) or intravenously (three hens) or with PBS (two hens). Eggs were collected over a period of 17 weeks. IgY isolation procedures were carried out by salt precipitation (ammonium sulphate, in solid form) followed by centrifugations and dialysis. Final preparations were submitted to sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS - PAGE), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoblotting. All immunised animals developed good levels of antibodies reactive to whole bacteria or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), in contrast to the control ones. Immunoblottings allowed the recognition of several antigenic fractions of bacterial antigens, some of which had a molecular weight compatible with bacterial virulence factors, confirming the efficacy of the immunisation and the adequacy of the method.
 ...
PMID:Anti-enteropathogenic Escherichia coli immunoglobulin Y isolated from eggs laid by immunised Leghorn chickens. 1207 19

A fragment of hepatitis E virus open reading frame-2(ORF2), located from amino acid residues 394 to 604, was expressed in E. coli. The recombinant protein NE2 was found to form homodimer mostly in SDS-PAGE, which can be dissociated to monomers when treated with urea, and it was recognized more strongly in its dimeric form than the monomer by HEV reactive human serum in Western blotting. Besides, many aggregated form of NE2 from dimer to at least hexamer can be seen in MALDI-TOF-MS. And when the hydrated dynamic semidiameter of NE2 moleculars in PBS was measured as about 4 nm by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), being equal to tetramer, but with high polydispersity, which suggested that the NE2 moleculars were existed in PBS in many different sizes. These results suggested that the recombinant NE2 can aggregate into several oligomer forms, the association in the dimer is most strong, and dimers can assemble further to form some super-structure.
 ...
PMID:[The study of aggregate of the ORF2 peptide of hepatitis E virus expressed in Escherichia coli]. 1238 44

In this study, the fragment of 47 kDa gene (301 bp-1428 bp) was cloned into a prokaryotic expression vector pBV220 to construct a recombinant plasmid pBV-47. The E. coli cells were transformed with pBV-47 and the transformants were induced to express the recombinant protein at 42 degrees C. The expression product (40 kDa) was detected by SDS-PAGE analysis and the 40kDa protein was recognized by mouse polyclonal antibodies against O. tsutsugamushi Karp strain in western blot analysis. The entire 47 kDa protein gene was inserted into an eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1(+) to construct a recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1/47 and Balb/c mice were immunized with recombinant pcDNA3.1/47, control vector pcDNA3.1, PBS buffer, 40 kDa protein, and recombinant pcDNA3.1/47 plus 40 kDa protein (pcDNA3.1/47/40), respectively. The results showed that spleen cells from pcDNA3.1/47/40-immunized mice gave higher proliferation than other groups. A significant IgG rise was detected in mice immunized with 40 kDa protein, but it was less strong than that in mice immunized with pcDNA3.1/47/40. The results suggested that immunization with pcDNA3.1/47 and 40 kDa protein simultaneously could induce a strong immune response.
 ...
PMID:Immunogenicity of a 40kDa fragment of the 47kDa recombinant protein and DNA vaccine from Karp strain of Orientia tsutsugamushi. 1286 Jun 86

Many biodegradable polymers have been developed for controlled drug delivery. The plethora of drug therapies and types of drugs demand different formulations, fabrications conditions and release kinetics. No one single polymer can satisfy all the requirements. To extend the properties of poly(D,L-lactide) (PLA), we synthesized copolymers of PLA and poly(ethylethylene phosphate) (PEEP) by ring-opening polymerization using Al(Oipr)3 as the initiator. The copolymers were structurally characterized by IR and 1H NMR. DSC data confirmed the formation of random microphase structure in all the copolymers, and showed a decrease of Tg from 43.2 to -22.6 degrees C when the molar content of ethylethylene phosphate (EEP) increased from 5 to 40%. The hydrophilicity of the copolymers increased with EEP content. In contrast to the degradation behavior of PLA, disc samples made of PLAEEP90 showed a linear weight loss profile in PBS (pH 7.4) at 37 degrees C. BSA microspheres using PLAEEP90 were prepared by double-emulsion method, yielding a loading level of 4.3% and a loading efficiency of 75%. The BSA release profile consisted of an initial burst (9%) on the first day, followed by a daily 4% release for the following 40 days, resulting in 91% of the BSA release in a near linear manner. The released BSA remained intact according to SDS-PAGE data. Cytotoxicity and histopathology studies showed low toxicity in HeLa cells and good tissue biocompatibility in mouse brain, respectively. PLAEEP is a promising biodegradable polymer for controlled drug delivery.
 ...
PMID:Poly(D,L-lactide-co-ethyl ethylene phosphate)s as new drug carriers. 1449 84

NADPH-diaphorase activity has been considered as a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) marker. Therefore, the presence of NADPH-d activity in Entamoeba histolytica suggests that they have NOS activity. The aim of this work was to provide support for this contention. The amebic culture medium or amebic purified proteins induced relaxation of endothelium-denuded rat aortic rings pre-contracted with phenylephrine (10(-6) M), which was inhibited when the amebas were incubated with NG-monomethyl-L-arginine or aminoguanidine (NOS inhibitors), or by pretreatment of the aortic rings with methylene blue. L-Arginine reverted the L-NAME inhibitory effect. In addition, trophozoites produce NO in culture and they have proteins which were recognized by antibodies specific to NOS and show activity of NO synthase. In conclusion, our results provide evidence about the production of NO by trophozoites. This molecule may be responsible for the relaxation elicited by the amebic culture medium and may participate in the pathogenesis of the invasive amebiasis. Index Descriptors and Abbreviations: Entamoeba histolytica; NO, nitric oxide; NOS, nitric oxide synthase; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; ecNOS, endothelial nitric oxide synthase; NADPH-d, NADPH-diaphorase enzyme; beta-NADPH, beta-nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide; L-NAME, N-omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride; NBT, nitobluetetrazolium; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline; EDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; SDS-PAGE, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
 ...
PMID:Nitric oxide synthase in Entamoeba histolytica: its effect on rat aortic rings. 1455 55

To clarify the role of avian Pasteurella multocida capsule in pathogenesis, adhesion of capsulated strains P-1059, X-73 and Pm-18, and noncapsulated strains P-1059B, Pm-1 and Pm-3 to chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) cells was compared. Number of adherent organisms of the capsulated strains to CEF cells were approximately three times as much as noncapsulated strains indicating that adhesive properties were enhanced by the presence of bacterial capsule. Pretreatments of the bacterial cells with heat, trypsin, or with antiserum caused a marked decrease in adhesion of capsulated strain P-1059 and its noncapsulated variant P-1059B. However, depolymerization of capsular hyaluronic acid with high dose of hyaluronidase enhanced adhesion of these strains. Combined treatments of the bacterial cells with both hyaluronidase and trypsin significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited the adherence of strain P-1059 as compared to the treatment only with trypsin, but strain P-1059B was not affected. SDS-PAGE profiles of crude capsular extract (CCE) prepared from capsulated strain P-1059 and its noncapsulated variant P-1059B grown on dextrose starch agar (DSA) plates by heating at 56 degrees C in a 2.5% NaCl solution demonstrated eight protein bands of 28, 34, 36, 39, 52, 56, 63 and 93 kDa. The 28, 34 and 36 kDa proteins were commonly major for both strains, and the 39 kDa protein was major only for strain P-1059 but poor in strain P-1059B. Outer membrane protein (OMP) profiles were identical with a major protein at 34 kDa and four minor proteins between the two strains. The adhesion of strain P-1059 and strain P-1059B to CEF cells was inhibited significantly (P < 0.01) by treatment with rabbit antisera against P-1059, P-1059B, CCE or 39 kDa protein of strain P-1059 as compared to the treatment with either PBS or with normal rabbit serum. These results indicated that an antigenic 39 kDa protein in the capsule may be responsible for adhesion of avian P. multocida type A strains to CEF cells as a virulence factor.
 ...
PMID:A 39 kDa protein mediates adhesion of avian Pasteurella multocida to chicken embryo fibroblast cells. 1465 93

The effects of trypsin, bile, trypsin-bile, pepsin, dithiothreitol (DTT) and metacercarial excretory-secretory product (ESP) on the in vitro excystment of Clonorchis sinensis metacercariae were investigated. The majority of metacercariae excysted immediately in trypsin-bile in PBS solution, a process which was complete after 30 min of incubation. When incubated in metacercarial ESP in PBS, excystment was potentiated in the presence of 5 mM DTT, but was inhibited dose-dependently by a cysteine protease inhibitor, iodoacetic acid. Two active protease bands of 28 and 40 kDa were identified in the ESP of metacercariae by gelatin substrate SDS-PAGE. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that the larvae in solutions of DTT and ESP migrated through a small hole on the metacercarial wall, whereas larvae were liberated by entire wall disruption in trypsin solution. These results suggest that trypsin is a major extrinsic factor of the rapid excystment of C. sinensis metacercariae, and that endogenous cysteine proteases are also involved in metacercarial excystment.
 ...
PMID:The involvement of the cysteine proteases of Clonorchis sinensis metacercariae in excystment. 1505 70


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>