Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P30536 (PBS)
 9,886 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Bacteriophage TP-13, a converting phage for sporulation and crystal formation in Bacillus thuringiensis, was isolated from soil. The phage converted anoligosporogenic (sporulation frequency, 10(-8), acrystalliferous mutant to spore positive, crystal positive at a high frequency. Each plaque formed by TP-13 in a lawn of sensitive cells contained spores and crystals. These spores were heat stable, and each one was capable of producing a plaque from which TP-13 could be reisolated. Conversion of cells to sporulation and crystal formation was independent of the ho-t used for TP-13 propagation. When converted cells were cured of TP-13, they lost the ability to produce spores and crystals. Incubation of TP-13 with antiserum prepared against purified phage particles prevented conversion. TP-13 has some characteristics similar to those of SP-15 and PBS-1, including large size, morphology, and adsorption specificity of motile cells. TP-13 mediated generalized transduction in several strains of B. thuringiensis at frequencies of 10(-6) to 10(-5). Comparison of cotransduction values indicated that TP-13 transduced considerably larger segments of deoxyribonucleic acid than CP-51 or TP-10, two other transducing phages for B. thuringiensis.
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PMID:Converting bacteriophage for sporulation and crystal formation in Bacillus thuringiensis. 50 May 67

"Uncouplers" of oxidative phosphorylation (sodium azide, DNP, and oligomycin) alter the location of microtubules within murine mast cells. Both cytoplasmic microtubules, perpendicular to the plasma membrane within cell surface folds, and intranuclear microtubules were observed. In addition, one or more dense plaque-like structures adjacent the plasma membrane in mast cells appeared following incubation in the antimetabolities. Intranuclear microtubules and cytoplasmic microtubules within the cell surface ridges disappeared in azide-treated mast cells that were reincubated or "recovered" in PBS. However, both these structures remained in oligomycin- and DNP-treated murine mast cells following reincubation.
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PMID:Effect of uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation on microtubule location and surface structure in murine mast cells. 50 98

The aim of this study was to explore any substance in dental plaque which might affect the demineralization of enamel. Plaque fluid was prepared by centrifugation of pooled plaque from 56 young adults without periodontal diseases. Enamel was separated from healthy teeth of adolescents and crushed into powder. The enamel powder was treated separately by plaque fluid and synthetic plaque fluid (as a control, with similar calcium, fluoride content and pH as the natural). After this, the enamel powder was washed with PBS. Both the plaque fluid-treated and synthetic plaque fluid-treated enamel powder were demineralized by mixed organic acid (pH 4.5). The calcium content in both plaque fluids, PBS and organic acid after treatment with enamel powder was analysed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results showed that there was no promoting effect in plaque fluid on demineralization of enamel, but, on the other hand, some protecting action was observed which might contribute to the presence of proteins in plaque fluid.
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PMID:[The effect of plaque fluid on demineralization of enamel powder]. 174 2

The toxicological aspects as well as the immunosuppressive mechanism of 15-deoxyspergualin (DSP) were studied using BALB/c mice. Five-week-old animals were subcutaneously given phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; Group 1) or DSP at 0.5 (Group 2) to 5.0 mg (Group 4) per kg body weight daily for 1 to 3 months. They were sacrificed to obtain blood for hematology and liver function studies. The spleen, taken simultaneously, was histologically examined, the T cell surface markers of splenocytes were flow cytometrically measured, and their interleukin 2 (IL-2) production induced in vitro by Enterotoxin A (Ent A) was assayed using CTLL cells. Additionally, the in vitro effect of DSP on IL-2 generation and plaque forming cell (PFC) production was studied using splenocytes of non-treated mice. During the 3 months of treatment, the body weight slowly increased in Groups 1 and 2, while the body weight of the 2.5-mg DSP mouse group (Group 3) was significantly lower on days 28 and 56 of treatment compared with Group 1 of the same age (P less than 0.05). The administration of DSP at 5.0 mg/kg (Group 4) caused marked reduction in body weight of the animals. They were sacrificed on day 28 because of their worsening general condition. WBC and RBC counts decreased in Group 3 on days 57 and 93, and the platelet number increased on day 57. A liver function test was not affected by DSP treatment except for an elevated SGOT in Group 4.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Toxicological and immunological evaluation of the immunosuppressant 15-deoxyspergualin in BALB/c mice: an in vivo and in vitro study. 188 20

In previous studies from this laboratory it was shown that OVA(mPEG)n conjugates induced: (i) tolerance in mice with respect to IgG and IgE antibody responses to dinitrophenylated OVA (DNP-OVA); and (ii) OVA-specific suppressor T (Ts) cells which could down-regulate a primary immune response in vivo. For the present study, we have developed an in vitro culture system for assessing the activity of Ts cells of mice tolerized by an OVA(mPEG)13 conjugate. Spleen cells from mice which had been primed with DNP4-OVA in Al(OH)3 gel were cultured with DNP4-OVA to induce a secondary antibody response in vitro. After 6 days, cells secreting anti-DNP antibodies of the IgG1 class were enumerated by an immunoenzymatic plaque-forming cell assay. Addition to the culture of T cells from mice treated with 3 i.p. injections of 500 micrograms of OVA(mPEG)13 resulted in a 29-61% reduction in the number of IgG1 anti-DNP antibody-forming cells, in comparison with the effect of T cells from mice treated with PBS. It was concluded that this tolerogenic conjugate induced splenic Ts cells which were capable of suppressing secondary in vitro anti-DNP responses.
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PMID:Down-regulation of secondary in vitro antibody responses by suppressor T cells of mice treated with a tolerogenic conjugate of ovalbumin and monomethoxypolyethylene glycol, OVA(mPEG)13. 253 91

Dextran sulfate aggregates several enteroviruses depending not only on the pH, the ionic strength of the medium, but also on the protein content of the fluids and on strain specificities of the viruses. The aggregation effect was measured by filtration experiments, by sedimentation in the ultracentrifuge and by electron microscopy. The well known inhibiting effect of dextran sulfate on plaque formation may be due to its aggregating effect: A very strong inhibition of the release of matured virions from the infected cells is observed in medium containing dextran sulfate, whereas the adsorption process is inhibited much less compared with PBS controls. The maximal effect on virus aggregation, plaque size and virus release is observed at the same concentration of dextran sulfate.
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PMID:Strain-specific aggregation of enterovirus by dextran sulfate. 617 8

A lectin activity that selectively induces different functions of human lymphocytes has been described in a PBS crude extract obtained from the seeds of Artocarpus integrifolia (jackfruit). Both unfractionated peripheral blood mononuclear cells and purified T cells are strongly stimulated to proliferate by this extract, whereas purified B cells are not. However, the lectin induced a potent polyclonal activation of B cells measured by a reverse hemolytic plaque assay using a multivalent anti-human Fab antibody.
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PMID:Lectin(s) extracted from seeds of Artocarpus integrifolia (jackfruit): potent and selective stimulator(s) of distinct human T and B cell functions. 697 61

In these studies, DNA PCR was used to identify sites of murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) latency after inoculation of virus into the supraciliary space of the eye. Reverse transcription (RT) PCR for an immediate early gene and a late gene was used to identify putative sites of virus reactivation after methylprednisolone (steroid)-induced immunosuppression. Ten weeks after inoculation of 5 x 10(2) PFU of MCMV, BALB/c mice were immunosuppressed by intramuscular injection of steroid. Control mice were infected but not immunosuppressed. Two weeks after initiation of immunosuppression, mice were sacrificed. DNA and RNA extracted from homogenized tissues were amplified for immediate early gene 1 (IE1) and late gene, glycoprotein H (gH), DNA and mRNA by PCR and RT-PCR, respectively. Replicating virus was detected in homogenized ocular and non-ocular tissues by plaque assay. In the latently infected PBS-treated control group, viral DNA was detected in the inoculated eye and in several non-ocular tissues; IE1 mRNA was found in most of the DNA-positive tissues, while gH mRNA was amplified only in a few of the MCMV DNA-positive tissues from a single mouse. After immunosuppression, viral DNA and IE1 mRNA were detected at a higher frequency in various tissues of steroid-treated mice. gH mRNA was detected in a significantly higher number of the inoculated eyes, salivary glands and other non-ocular tissues of steroid-treated mice. After immunosuppression, low titers of infectious virus were recovered from the salivary glands of steroid-treated mice, but infectious virus was not recovered from the inoculated eye of either steroid-treated of non-immunosuppressed mice. The DNA PCR results suggest that after inoculation of 5 x 10(2) PFU of MCMV into the supraciliary space of euthymic BALB/c mice, virus becomes latent in the inoculated eye, salivary gland and other extraocular tissues. The RT-PCR results suggest that latent MCMV can be reactivated in multiple tissues by immunosuppression.
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PMID:Immunosuppression induces transcription of murine cytomegalovirus glycoprotein H in the eye and at non-ocular sites. 864 84

Work with varicella-zoster virus has been seriously hampered by the difficulty of preparing high-titre cell free virus, and by the instability of such virus when frozen and thawed. We have evaluated the use of a range of protocols and demonstrate that relatively high titres of 19,000 plaque forming units per millilitre may be recovered after freezing in PBS-sucrose-glutamate-serum buffer (PSGC). In addition, we have shown that the virus obtained by this method gives similar results in neutralisation and antiviral susceptibility assays to that freshly prepared from infected cells, allowing the use of high titre, titrated virus stocks in such assays.
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PMID:High-titre, cryostable cell-free varicella zoster virus. 968 73

Infection of C57BL/6 mice with mouse hepatitis virus strain V5A13.1 (MHV-V5A13.1) results in an acute encephalitis followed by a chronic, progressive demyelinating disease with clinical and histological similarities to the human demyelinating disease Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Studies were undertaken to evaluate the contribution of NOS2 generated NO in demyelination in MHV-infected mice. MHV-infected animals were treated daily with either 8 mg of aminoguanidine (AG), a selective inhibitor of NOS2 activity, or PBS by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection. MHV-infection of mice resulted in 20% mortality in both groups with surviving mice clearing virus below levels of detection, as measured by plaque assay, by day 12 postinfection (p.i.). A significant decrease in the severity of clinical disease was observed in AG-treated animals as compared to mice receiving PBS at days 7 and 12 p.i. (P< or =0.001 and 0.003, respectively) however, by day 21 p.i. AG-treated mice exhibited the same severity of clinical disease as control animals. Examination of brain and spinal cords from infected mice revealed a pronounced reduction in the severity of inflammation at day 7 p.i. in mice treated with AG as compared to control mice. By day 12 p.i. there was a significant decrease (P< or =0.02) in the severity of demyelination in AG-treated mice as compared to control animals yet both PBS and AG treated mice had a similar degree of demyelination by day 21 p.i. Analysis of chemokine mRNA transcripts by RNase protection assay revealed that AG-treated mice had significantly lower levels (P < or = 0.007) of transcripts for the C-C chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) at day 7 p.i. as compared to control animals. By day 12 p.i., AG-treated mice and control mice had similar levels of chemokine transcripts. Together, these data suggest that inhibition of NOS2/NO slows the progression of MHV-induced demyelination. One potential mechanism by which this may occur is through controlling inflammation through modulation of chemokine expression in the CNS.
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PMID:Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase-2 reduces the severity of mouse hepatitis virus-induced demyelination: implications for NOS2/NO regulation of chemokine expression and inflammation. 1019 Jun 90


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