Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P30044 (antioxidant enzyme)
 8,037 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as both signaling molecules and mediators of cell damage in the nervous system and are implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Neurotrophic factors such as the nerve-derived growth factor (NGF) support neuronal survival during development and promote regeneration after neuronal injury through the activation of intracellular signals whose molecular effectors and downstream targets are still largely unknown. Here we present evidence that early oxidative signals initiated by NGF in PC12 cells, an NGF-responsive cell line, play a critical role in preventing apoptosis induced by serum deprivation. This redox-signaling cascade involves phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, the small GTPase Rac-1, and the transcription factor cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB), a molecule essential to promote NGF-dependent survival. We found that ROS are necessary for NGF-dependent phosphorylation of CREB, an event directly correlated with CREB activity, whereas hydrogen peroxide induces a robust CREB phosphorylation. Cells exposed to NGF show a late decrease in the intracellular content of ROS when compared with untreated cells and increased expression of the mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase, a general inhibitor of cell death. Accordingly, serum deprivation-induced apoptosis was selectively inhibited by low concentrations of the mitochondrially targeted antioxidant Mito Q (mitoquinol/mitoquinone). Taken together, these data demonstrate that the oxidant-dependent activation of CREB is a component of NGF survival signaling in PC12 cells and outline an intriguing circuitry by which a cytosolic redox cascade promotes cell survival at least in part by increasing mitochondrial resistance to oxidative stress.
 ...
PMID:Redox regulation of cAMP-responsive element-binding protein and induction of manganous superoxide dismutase in nerve growth factor-dependent cell survival. 1260 77

LY294002 is a synthetic quercetin-like compound, which, unlike wortmannin, is more specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). It inhibits endocytosis and vacuolar transport. We report here on the proteome-wide effects of LY294002 on Arabidopsis roots focusing on proteins involved in vesicular trafficking and stress response. At the subcellular level, LY294002 caused swelling and clustering of late endosomes leading to inhibition of vacuolar transport. At the proteome level, this compound caused changes in abundances of proteins categorized to 10 functional classes. Among proteins involved in vesicular trafficking, a small GTPase ARFA1f was more abundant, indicating its possible contribution to the aggregation and fusion of late endosomes triggered by LY294002. Our study provides new information on storage proteins and vacuolar hydrolases in vegetative tissues treated by LY294002. Vacuolar hydrolases were downregulated, while storage proteins were more abundant, suggesting that storage proteins were protected from degradation in swollen multivesicular bodies upon LY294002 treatment. Upregulation of 2S albumin was validated by immunoblotting and immunolabeling analyses. Our study also pointed to the control of antioxidant enzyme machinery by PI3K because LY294002 downregulated two isozymes of superoxide dismutase. This most likely occurred via PI3K-mediated downregulation of protein AtDJ1A. Finally, we discuss specificity differences of LY294002 and wortmannin against PI3K, which are reflected at the proteome level. Compared with wortmannin, LY294002 showed more narrow and perhaps also more specific effects on proteins, as suggested by gene ontology functional annotation.
...
PMID:Vesicular trafficking and stress response coupled to PI3K inhibition by LY294002 as revealed by proteomic and cell biological analysis. 2393 32