Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Pivot Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Target Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
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Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Query: UNIPROT:P30044 (
antioxidant enzyme
)
8,037
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
The applications of ZnO nanoparticles in agriculture have largely contributed to crop growth regulation, quality enhancement, and induction of stress tolerance, while the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Herein, the involvement of melatonin synthesis and metabolism in the process of nano-ZnO induced drought tolerance was investigated in maize. Drought stress resulted in the changes of subcellular ultrastructure, the accumulation of malondialdehyde and osmolytes in leaf. The nano-ZnO (100 mg L
-1
) application promoted the melatonin synthesis and activated the
antioxidant enzyme
system, which alleviated drought-induced damage to mitochondria and chloroplast. These changes were associated with upregulation of the relative transcript abundance of
Fe/
Mn
SOD
,
Cu/Zn SOD
,
APX
,
CAT
,
TDC
,
SNAT
,
COMT
, and
ASMT
induced by nano-ZnO application. It was suggested that modifications in endogenous melatonin synthesis were involved in the nano-ZnO induced drought tolerance in maize.
...
PMID:Nano-ZnO-Induced Drought Tolerance Is Associated with Melatonin Synthesis and Metabolism in Maize. 3199 60
Arable land contamination with nickel (Ni) has become a major threat to worldwide crop production. Recently, melatonin has appeared as a promising stress-relief substance that can alleviate heavy metal-induced phytotoxicity in plants. However, the plausible underlying mechanism of melatonin function under Ni stress has not been fully substantiated in plants. Herein, we conducted an experiment that unveiled critical mechanisms in favor of melatonin-mediated Ni-stress tolerance in tomato. Ni stress markedly inhibited growth and biomass by impairing the photosynthesis, photosystem function, mineral homeostasis, root activity, and osmotic balance. In contrast, melatonin application notably reinforced the plant growth traits, increased photosynthesis efficiency in terms of chlorophyll content, upregulation of chlorophyll synthesis genes, i.e. POR, CAO, CHL G, gas exchange parameters, and PSII maximum efficiency (Fv/Fm), decreased Ni accumulation and increased mineral nutrient homeostasis. Moreover, melatonin efficiently restricted the hydrogen peroxide (H
2
O
2
) and superoxide radical production and increased RBOH expression and restored cellular integrity (less malondialdehyde and electrolyte leakage) through triggering the
antioxidant enzyme
activities and modulating AsA-GSH pools. Notably, oxidative stress was effectively mitigated by upregulation of several defense genes (SOD, CAT, APX, GR, GST, MDHAR, DHAR) and melatonin biosynthesis-related genes (TDC, T5S, SNAT,
ASMT
). Besides, melatonin treatment enhanced secondary metabolites (phenols, flavonoids, and anthocyanin) contents along with their encoding genes (PAL, CHS) expression, and these metabolites potentially restricted excess H
2
O
2
accumulation. In conclusion, our findings deciphered the potential functions of melatonin in alleviating Ni-induced phytotoxicity in tomato through boosting the biomass production, photosynthesis, nutrient uptake, redox balance, and secondary metabolism.
...
PMID:Melatonin alleviates nickel phytotoxicity by improving photosynthesis, secondary metabolism and oxidative stress tolerance in tomato seedlings. 3229 96
