Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P30044 (antioxidant enzyme)
 8,037 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Free radical-induced lipid peroxidation has been associated with numerous disease processes including diabetes mellitus. Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) catalyses the conjugation of glutathione with a variety of organic peroxides to form more water-soluble compounds. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) is essential to control intracellular reductive potential by increasing glutathione intracellular levels, which in turn decrease the amount of reactive oxygen species. Glyburide decreases glucose production and enhances insulin action in liver. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of glyburide on the antioxidant enzyme activities in the liver tissue of diabetic rat. We investigated the activities of GST and G6PDH in the liver of both control and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Forty male albino rats were included in this study. Liver GST and G6PDH activities decreased significantly in five-week diabetic rats (p<0.001 and p<0.001 respectively) compared to controls and glyburide therapy restored these activities (p<0.001 for GST and p<0.001 for G6PDH). Elevations of hepatic antioxidant enzymes with glyburide administration suggest that glyburide may directly alter hepatic enzyme activities.
Acta Diabetol 2006 Dec
PMID:The effect of the sulfonylurea glyburide on glutathione-S-transferase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat liver. 1721 64

Obesity is well known to be a contributory risk factor for several disease states, including diabetes mellitus. Paucity of data on maternal-foetal status of essential trace elements in obese diabetic pregnancies prompted us to undertake this study. Maternal venous and umbilical arterial and venous blood samples were collected from obese gestational diabetic patients (Body Mass Index (BMI) >30) and control obese pregnant women (BMI>30) at time of spontaneous delivery or caesarean sections and concentrations of essential trace elements such as Cu, Fe, Mo, Se and Zn were determined in various samples by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Activities of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and total antioxidant (TAO) in maternal and umbilical blood were assessed using appropriate reagent kits. Maternal-foetal disposition and exchange parameters of elements studied were assessed using established criteria. Concentrations of Cu, Fe, Mo, Se and Zn in serum of control obese pregnant women (n=10) averaged 2404, 2663, 11.0, 89.0 and 666 microg/l respectively, while in the obese diabetic group (n=11), the corresponding values averaged 2441, 2580, 13.3, 85.1 and 610 microg/l respectively. Activities of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, GPX and TAO were not significantly different in maternal veins of control and diabetic groups. Varying differences were noted in the case of antioxidant enzyme activities in umbilical blood samples of control and study groups. We conclude that obesity is not associated with significant alterations in antioxidant enzyme status in gestational diabetes and only with relatively minor alterations in status of some essential trace elements.
Acta Diabetol 2007 Sep
PMID:Maternal-foetal status of copper, iron, molybdenum, selenium and zinc in obese gestational diabetic pregnancies. 1772 48

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been shown to have a potential protective role in a number of disease states including diabetes and various kidney disorders; however, the mechanisms involved are still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate if H2S effects the expression of the antioxidant enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in human kidney cells. Human mesangial cells and human podocytes were cultured at normal physiological glucose concentration (5.5 mM) and then treated with different H2S donors for a 24-h period. Protein was then extracted from the cells, and the expression levels of HO-1 determined by Western blotting. There was a significant increase in HO-1 expression after treatment with the H2S donors in both mesangial and podocyte cells. These results suggest that H2S has a role in the regulation of HO-1 expression, and the ability to upregulate this antioxidant enzyme maybe a potential mechanism by which H2S exerts its protective effects.
Acta Diabetol 2014 Feb
PMID:Hydrogen sulfide induces heme oxygenase-1 in human kidney cells. 2385 31