Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Pivot Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
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Target Concepts:
Gene/Protein
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Query: UNIPROT:P30044 (
antioxidant enzyme
)
8,037
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
Concentration of engineered nickel oxide nanoparticle (NiO-NP) in nature is on the rise, owing to large scale industrial uses, which have accreted the scope of its exposure to plants, the primary producers of the ecosystem. Though an essential micronutrient for the animal system, supported by numerous studies confirming its toxicity at higher dosages, nickel oxide is graded as a human carcinogen by WHO. A few studies do depict toxicity and bioaccumulation of nickel in plants; however, interaction of NiO-NP with plants is not well-elucidated. It is known that exposure to NiO-NP can incite stress response, leading to cytotoxicity and growth retardation in some plants, but a defined work on the intricate physicochemical cellular responses and genotoxic challenges is wanting. The present study was planned to explore cytotoxicity of NiO-NP in the model plant,
Allium cepa
L., its internalization in the tissue and concomitant furore created in the
antioxidant enzyme
system of the plant. The prospect of the NiO-NP causing genotoxicity was also investigated. Detailed assessments biochemical profiles and genotoxicity potential of NiO-NP on
A. cepa
L. was performed and extended to four of its closest economically important relatives,
Allium sativum
L.,
Allium schoenoprasum
L.,
Allium porrum
L., and
Allium fistulosum
L. Growing root tips were treated with seven different concentrations of NiO-NP suspension (10-500 mg L
-1
), with deionised distilled water as negative control and 0.4 mM
EMS
solution as positive control. Study of genotoxic endpoints, like, mitotic indices (MI), chromosomal aberrations (CAs), and chromosome breaks confirmed NiO-NP induced genotoxicity in plants, even at a very low dose (10 mg L
-1
). That NiO-NP also perturbs biochemical homeostasis, disrupting normal physiology of the cell, was confirmed through changes in state of lipid peroxidation malonaldehyde (MDA), as well as, in oxidation marker enzymes, like catalase (CAT), super oxide dismutase (SOD), and guiacol peroxidase (POD) activities. It was evident that increase in NiO-NP concentration led to decrease in MIs in all the study materials, concomitant with a spike of stress-alleviating, antioxidant enzymes-CAT, POD, SOD, and significant increase in MDA formation. Hence, it can be confirmed that NiO-NP should be treated as an environmental hazard.
...
PMID:Engineered Nickel Oxide Nanoparticle Causes Substantial Physicochemical Perturbation in Plants. 2916 90
The negative effects of environmental stresses, such as low temperature, high temperature, salinity, drought, heavy metal stress, and biotic stress significantly decrease crop productivity. Plant hormones are currently being used to induce stress tolerance in a variety of plants. Brassinosteroids (commonly known as BR) are a group of phytohormones that regulate a wide range of biological processes that lead to tolerance of various stresses in plants. BR stimulate BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANCE 1 (BZR1)/BRI1-
EMS
SUPPRESSOR 1 (BES1), transcription factors that activate thousands of BR-targeted genes. BR regulate
antioxidant enzyme
activities, chlorophyll contents, photosynthetic capacity, and carbohydrate metabolism to increase plant growth under stress. Mutants with BR defects have shortened root and shoot developments. Exogenous BR application increases the biosynthesis of endogenous hormones such as indole-3-acetic acid, abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, zeatin riboside, brassinosteroids (BR), and isopentenyl adenosine, and gibberellin (GA) and regulates signal transduction pathways to stimulate stress tolerance. This review will describe advancements in knowledge of BR and their roles in response to different stress conditions in plants.
...
PMID:The physiological and molecular mechanism of brassinosteroid in response to stress: a review. 3041 59
BRI1-
EMS
suppressor (BES)/brassinazole-resistant (BZR) family transcription factors are involved in a variety of physiological processes, but the biological functions of some BES/BZR transcription factors remain unknown; moreover, it is not clear if any of these proteins function in the regulation of plant stress responses. Here, wheat (
Triticum aestivum
) brassinazole-resistant 2 (
TaBZR2
)-overexpressing plants exhibited drought tolerant phenotypes, whereas downregulation of
TaBZR2
in wheat by RNA interference resulted in elevated drought sensitivity. electrophoretic mobility shift assay and luciferase reporter analysis illustrate that TaBZR2 directly interacts with the gene promoter to activate the expression of
T. aestivum
glutathione s-transferase-1 (
TaGST1
), which functions positively in scavenging drought-induced superoxide anions (O
2
-
). Moreover, TaBZR2 acts as a positive regulator in brassinosteroid (BR) signaling. Exogenous BR treatment enhanced TaBZR2-mediated O
2
-
scavenging and
antioxidant enzyme
gene expression. Taken together, we demonstrate that a BES/BZR family transcription factor, TaBZR2, functions positively in drought responses by activating
TaGST1
and mediates the crosstalk between BR and drought signaling pathways. Our results thus provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying how BES/BZR family transcription factors contribute to drought tolerance in wheat.
...
PMID:BES/BZR Transcription Factor TaBZR2 Positively Regulates Drought Responses by Activation of
TaGST1
. 3105 77
