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Query: UNIPROT:P30044 (
antioxidant enzyme
)
8,037
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
During anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R) injury, intracellular chloride ion concentration ([Cl(-)](i)) homeostasis may play a role in maintaining the normal physiological function of cardiomyocytes. Various chloride transport systems could have influenced the concentration of chloride ion, but what kinds of chloride transport systems could play an important role in cardiomyocytes subjected to A/R injury and its mechanism are unknown. The aim of our study was to clarify the contributions of various chloride transport systems to anoxia/reoxygenation in rat neonatal cardiac myocytes and further to investigate the involved mechanisms. Oxidative stress and redox-sensitive transcription factor (NF-kappaB) activation are believed to play an important role in the A/R injury. To assess whether oxidative stress and NF-kappaB involve [Cl(-)](i) changes resulting in cardiomyocytes injury, the anoxia-reoxygenation (A/R) injury model was successfully established and administered with inhibitors of various chloride transport systems. Administration with Cl(-)-substitution and Cl(-)/
HCO
(3) (-) exchange inhibitor(SITS) has been shown to produce a protective effect against A/R injury by decreasing [Cl(-)](i) concentration, lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde (MDA)) levels, and NF-kappaB activity, and by increasing
antioxidant enzyme
(glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase(CAT)) activity. However, inhibitors for the Cl(-)-channel (9-AC) and Na(+)-K(+)-2Cl(-) co-transporter (bumetanide) had no effects. Our results indicate that Cl(-)/
HCO
(3) (-) exchange system plays an important role in the cardiocyte A/R injury by influencing [Cl(-)](i) concentration. The protective effects of SITS and Cl(-)-substitution on cardiomyocytes may be due to the attenuation of oxidative stress and inhibition of NF-kappaB activation.
...
PMID:Mechanisms of chloride in cardiomyocyte anoxia-reoxygenation injury: the involvement of oxidative stress and NF-kappaB activation. 2155 61
Sodic-alkalinity is a more seriously limiting factor in agricultural productivity than salinity. Oat (
Avena nuda
) is a salt-tolerant crop species and is therefore useful in studying the physiological responses of cereals to alkalinity. We evaluated the differential effects of sodic-alkalinity on two naked oat lines, Caoyou1 and Yanke1. Seedlings of the two lines were exposed to 50 mM alkaline salt mixture of NaHCO
3
and Na
2
CO
3
(18:1 molar ratio; pH 8.5) for 2 weeks in a soil environment. Sodic-alkalinity exposure led the assimilation of abundant Na
+
at similar concentrations in the organs of both lines. However, Caoyou1 showed much stronger growth than Yanke1, exhibiting a higher dry weight, total leaf area, and shoot height under sodic-alkalinity. Further analysis showed that Caoyou1 was more sodic-alkalinity tolerance than Yanke1. This was firstly because of differences in the oxidative stress defense mechanisms in leaves of the two lines. Antioxidant enzyme activities were either slightly elevated (catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), guaiacol peroxidase (GP), glutathione reductase (GR)) or unaltered (superoxide dismutase (SOD)) in Caoyou1 leaves, but some enzyme (SOD, GPOX, GR) activities were significantly reduced in Yanke1.
An
APX1 transcript levels significantly increased in Caoyou1 under sodic-alkalinity conditions compared with Yanke1, indicating its better antioxidant capacity. Secondly, the related parameters of Mg
2+
concentration, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) activity, and
An
PEPC transcript levels in the leaves showed significantly higher values in Caoyou1 compared with Yanke1. This demonstrated the effective utilization by Caoyou1 of accumulated
HCO
3
-
in the irreversible reaction from phosphoenolpyruvate to oxaloacetate to produce inorganic phosphorus, which was elevated in Caoyou1 leaves under alkalinity stress. Overall, the results demonstrated that the greater sodic-alkalinity tolerance of Caoyou1 is the result of: (1) maintained
antioxidant enzyme
activities; and (2) a higher capacity for the phosphoenolpyruvate to oxaloacetate reactions, as shown by the higher PEPC activity, Mg
2+
concentration, and total phosphorus concentration in its leaves, despite the lower soil pH.
...
PMID:Differences in Physiological Responses of Two Oat (
Avena nuda
L.) Lines to Sodic-Alkalinity in the Vegetative Stage. 3293 50
