Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P30044 (antioxidant enzyme)
 8,037 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of diets containing antioxidant vitamins and trace elements on chicken tissue activities of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and of LPO levels was investigated. Chickens, 45 weeks of age were divided into six groups: control group, Cu group (13.2 mg Cu kg(-1) diet); Se group (0.07 mg Se kg(-l) diet); vitamin E group (70 mg DL-alpha-tocopherol acetate kg(-1) diet) and a constant level vitamin C, 200 mg kg(-1) diet); vitamin A group (240 mg retinol acetate kg(-1) diet) and vitamin C group (500 mg ascorbic acid kg(-1) diet). Significant variation of these antioxidant enzyme activities and LPO levels according to gender was demonstrated statistically. In the Cu group, CuZnSOD activity in the liver, erythrocyte, kidney and heart significantly increased by 75, 40, 12, 12% respectively (P<0.05). MnSOD activity in the heart, liver, kidney and brain of the vitamin C and in the heart of Cu group were found to be increased by approximately 15%, while in liver tissue of the Cu group it was reduced by 19% (P<0.05). GSH-Px activities in the Se, vitamin E and C groups were significantly increased, conversely LPO levels decreased (P<0.001). CAT activities in the liver and heart of the vitamin C group were significantly decreased (by 32%), but in kidney tissue only that of the Cu group was increased from 30.2 +/- 4.767 to 144.49 +/- 6.93 U mg(-1) P<0.001. The resistance to stress of the vitamin E and C groups, which had significantly increased activities of antioxidant enzymes and decreased lipid peroxide levels, were determined in 60% moisture medium at 45 degrees C.
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PMID:The effects of some antioxidant vitamin- and trace element-supplemented diets on activities of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and LPO levels in chicken tissues. 1133 37

Antioxidant enzymes and vitamins provide a defence against the damage of cells by reactive oxygen species in living systems. The effect of Cu, Se and vitamin E deficiencies on the antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxide levels of chicken erythrocytes were investigated during 6 weeks of a depletion diet. CuZnSOD activity and the plasma Cu level of the Cu-deficient group which was fed a diet containing 0.2 mg Cu x kg(-1) were reduced to 62 and 71% respectively. GSH-Px activity of the Se-deficient group was decreased by 46% but by 21% in the Cu-deficient group. CAT activity values of Se- and Cu-deficient groups were increased by 28 and 10% respectively. The maximum increase of LPO levels in erythrocyte membranes was observed as 32% for the Se+E-deficient group. The LPO level of the Cu-deficient group which had decreased CuZnSOD and GSH-Px activity, was also observed to be significantly increased when compared with the controls (p < 0.05).
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PMID:Effects of Se, Cu and Se + vitamin E deficiency on the activities of CuZnSOD, GSH-Px, CAT and LPO levels in chicken erythrocytes. 1149 4

The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effects of infusions prepared from 15 Achillea (Asteraceae) species against H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative damage in human erythrocytes and leucocytes used in traditional Turkish medicine. CAT, SOD and GPx activities, effects of LPO and GSH levels of the infusions on erythrocytes and leucocytes were assessed. The results indicated that all infusions of Achillea species were effective on antioxidant enzyme systems of erythrocytes and leucocytes when compared with H(2)O(2) group. Achillea falcata was the most effective one on CAT, GPx and SOD enzyme systems of erythrocytes. Among plant infusions, Achillea crithmifolia and Achillea nobilis subsp. neilrechii showed the highest activities on CAT, while Achillea millefolium subsp. pannonica on SOD, Achillea teretifolia on GPx and Achillea nobilis subsp. sipylea on LPO enzyme systems of leucocytes. The present results demonstrate that infusions of Achillea species are a potential source of natural antioxidants for treatment and prevention of diseases in which LPO takes place.
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PMID:The protective effects of Achillea L. species native in Turkey against H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative damage in human erythrocytes and leucocytes. 1611 43

The variations of membrane bound total sialic acid (TSA) and lipid peroxidation level dependent on the antioxidant enzyme activities such as Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) have been studied in yeast extract supplemented medium. The maximum SOD and CAT activities of F. equiseti tended to increase with raises of yeast extract concentration up to 25 g/L where they were determined to be 78.6 +/- 0.96 and 312.7 +/- 5.6 IU/mg. On the other hand, SOD and CAT activities in F. acuminatum significantly increased with the rise of yeast extract concentration up to 10 g/L (p < 0.01) and maximum activities were observed at this concentration as 36.3 +/- 0.54 and 115.3 +/- 2.19 IU/mg on the 12th day incubation. Other H2O2 scavenger enzyme, GSH-Px activities of F. equiseti and F. acuminatum were reached the maximum at 5 and 25g/L yeast extract and determined as 5.06 +/- 0.04 and 4.74 +/- 0.09 IU/mg, respectively. TSA level showed positive correlation with SOD and CAT activities while LPO levels variations negatively correlated. The results may indicate that these antioxidant enzymes also appeared to be involved in protecting membrane bound sialic acids as well as membrane lipid of the fungus from exogenous reactive oxygen species.
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PMID:Functions of antioxidant enzyme activities on the membrane bound total sialic acid and lipid peroxidation level in F. equiseti and F. acuminatum. 1615 96

Silymarin is a polyphenolic plant flavonoid (a mixture of flavonoid isomers such as silibinin, isosilibinin, silidianin and silichristin) derived from Silymarin marianum that has anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and anticarcinogenic effects. Our earlier studies have shown that silymarin plays a protective role against the oxidative damage induced by environmental contaminants like benzo(a)pyrene in erythrocyte haemolysates. During the detoxification of these environmental contaminants, the major reactive oxygen species generated is hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)). Because H(2)O(2 )can easily penetrate into the cell and cause damage to biomolecules, the protective role of silymarin was further assessed against this cytotoxic agent in vitro in erythrocyte haemolysates. The protective effect was monitored by assessing the levels of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-s-transferase, glutathione peroxidase and malondialdehyde (LPO) in three groups: vehicle control, H(2)O(2)-exposed groups and drug co-incubation group (H(2)O(2) + silymarin). The protective effect of silymarin on the non-enzymic antioxidant glutathione and haemolysis, methaemoglobin content and protein carbonyl content were also assessed. It was observed that the activities of antioxidant enzymes and glutathione were reduced and the malondialdehyde levels were elevated after H(2)O(2 )exposure. There were also alterations in haemolysis, methaemoglobin content and protein carbonyl content, whereas after the administration of silymarin, the antioxidant enzyme activities reversed to near normal with reduced malondialdehyde content and normalized haemolysis, methaemoglobin content and protein carbonyl content. The results suggest that silymarin possesses substantial protective effect and free radical scavenging mechanism against exogenous H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative stress damages, hence, can be used as a protective drug against toxicity induced by environmental contaminants.
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PMID:Silymarin protection against major reactive oxygen species released by environmental toxins: exogenous H2O2 exposure in erythrocytes. 1751 96

In this study, the effect of combination of vitamin C (ascorbic acid), vitamin E (alpha -tocopherol), and selenium (sodium selenate) on ethanol-induced liver and intestine injury in rats was investigated. The ethanol-induced injury was produced by the administration of 1 ml of absolute ethanol to each rats. Animals received vitamin C (250 mg/kg), vitamin E (250 mg/kg), and sodium selenate (Se) (0.5 mg/kg) for 3 days; 1 h after the final antioxidant administration, they were sacrificed. Lipid peroxidation and glutathione levels, catalase (CAT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GP(x)) activities were determined in liver and intestine tissues. Myeloperoxidase (MPO), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) were determined in liver tissue. Also, CAT activity, urea, creatinine, uric acid, and total lipid levels were determined in serum samples. In the ethanol group, serum urea, creatinine, uric acid, and total lipid levels; liver and intestine LDH; liver MPO, AST, ALP, ALT, and GGT activities; and liver and intestine LPO levels increased, whereas serum CAT activity, liver and intestine GSH levels, and CAT, SOD, and GP(x) activities decreased. On the other hand, treatment with vitamin C, vitamin E, and Se reversed these effects. As a result of these findings, we can say that the combination of vitamin C, vitamin E, and selenium has a protective effect on ethanol-induced changes in lipid peroxidation, glutathione levels, and antioxidant enzyme activities in liver and intestine tissues, and in some serum parameters of rats.
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PMID:Combined effects of vitamin C, vitamin E, and sodium selenate supplementation on absolute ethanol-induced injury in various organs of rats. 1806 67

Rosemary leaves, "Rosmarinus officinalis", possess a variety of antioxidant, anti-tumoral and anti-inflammatory bioactivities. We hypothesized that rosemary extract could enhance antioxidant defenses and improve antioxidant status in aged rats. This work evaluates whether supplementing their diet with supercritical fluid (SFE) rosemary extract containing 20% antioxidant carnosic acid (CA) reduces oxidative stress in aged rats. Aged Wistar rats (20 months old) were included in the study. Rats were fed for 12 weeks with a standard kibble (80%) supplemented with turkey breast (20%) containing none or one of two different SFE rosemary concentrations (0.2% and 0.02%). After sacrifice, tissue samples were collected from heart and brain (cortex and hippocampus). Enzyme activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) were quantitatively analyzed. Lipid peroxidation and levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were also determined. Rosemary decreased lipid peroxidation in both brain tissues. The levels of catalase activities in heart and cortex were decreased in the rosemary-treated groups. The SFE rosemary-treated rats presented lower NOS levels in heart and lower ROS levels in hippocampus than the control rats. Supplementing the diet of aged rats with SFE rosemary extract produced a decrease in antioxidant enzyme activity, lipid peroxidation and ROS levels that was significant for catalase activity in heart and brain, NOS in heart, and LPO and ROS levels in different brain tissues. These observations suggest that the rosemary supplement improved the oxidative stress status in old rats.
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PMID:Protective effect of supercritical fluid rosemary extract, Rosmarinus officinalis, on antioxidants of major organs of aged rats. 1928 62

ABSTRACT The present investigation was undertaken to examine the effects of chlorpyrifos (CP, an organophosphate) and deltamethrin (DM, a pyrethroid pesticide) treatments at low and high doses and their combination on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities such as SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT and also AChE activity in rat brain following 16 weeks of exposure. Antioxidative defense mechanisms and lipid peroxidation in rat brain tissues display different responses depending on different pesticide treatments and doses. Biochemical analysis showed that administration of chlorpyrifos and deltamethrin causes brain damage via production of MDA and inhibition of AChE. In the present study, we observed that LPO levels are higher at low doses than at high doses, but DM is more pronounced than CP in this increase. Observations show that SOD increases with the dose, CAT decreases at the higher dose, and GSH-Px again increases with the dose in both pesticide treatments, but especially in DM. Experimentally, oxidative-antioxidative balance is more affected by deltamethrin treatment than that of chlorpyrifos. The effects of combination of DM and CP on LPO may be due to functional, dispositional, or chemical antagonism, while the effect of the combination on CAT activity may be synergistic.
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PMID:The evaluation of altered antioxidative defense mechanism and acetylcholinesterase activity in rat brain exposed to chlorpyrifos, deltamethrin, and their combination. 2002 Aug 80

Artemisia campestris is used as antivenom and anti-inflammatory Tunisian folk medicine. Recently, increased oxidative stress was shown to play an important role in the etiology and pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and its complications. This study was designed to examine the effects of A. campestris leaf aqueous extract (Ac) on alloxan-induced diabetic rats by measuring glycemia, lipid profile, lipid peroxidation (MDA), protein carbonyl content (PCO), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), activities of both non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants. Results of our study showed an increase in blood glucose levels, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), a decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) level and disturbed antioxidant enzyme activities (CAT, SOD, GPx) in the pancreatic tissue of diabetic rats. Furthermore, MDA, PCO and AOPP were elevated in the pancreas of the diabetic rats. The administration of Ac to diabetic rats at a dose of 200mgkg(-1)bw resulted in a significant reduction in glycemia, TC, TG, LDL-c, pancreas LPO, PCO and AOPP levels, CAT and GPx activities associated with an elevation of GSH content and SOD activity in comparison with diabetic group. We conclude that A. campestris aqueous extract may be effective for correcting hyperglycemia and preventing diabetic complications.
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PMID:Mitigating effects of antioxidant properties of Artemisia campestris leaf extract on hyperlipidemia, advanced glycation end products and oxidative stress in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. 2045 7

The present study was planned to investigate the antioxidant, antinociceptive, and anti-inflammatory activities of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin (1, 3 and 10 mg/kg, p.o.) in various animal models. The antinociceptive effect was assessed by chemically- (formalin, acetic acid) and thermally- (hot plate) induced nociception, while anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated using carrageenan-, formaldehyde-induced paw oedema and cotton pellet-induced granuloma. The effect of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin on liver antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase, glutathione, LPO, CAT along with the effect on lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was evaluated in the cotton pellet-induced granuloma model. Atorvastatin and rosuvastatin showed significant decrease (p < 0.05) in carrageenan- and formaldehyde-induced rat paw oedema and reduced granuloma formation in the cotton pellet-induced granuloma method (p < 0.01) while the levels of LDH and ALP were also significantly decreased (p < 0.05). The liver antioxidant enzyme levels were found to be restored (p < 0.05). Atorvastatin and rosuvastatin also showed antinociceptive activities (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01) in the acetic acid- and formalin-induced nociception in mice, while there was no significant activity in the hot plate method. The present findings suggest that atorvastatin and rosuvastatin possess dose-dependent antioxidant, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activities.
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PMID:Antioxidant, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin in various experimental models. 2053 41


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