Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P30044 (antioxidant enzyme)
 8,037 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have cloned and identified the major cuticular glycoprotein (gp29) of lymphatic filarial nematode parasites as a homolog of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase. The derived amino acid sequence predicted a protein of 25.8 kDa, with an amino-terminal hydrophobic signal peptide and two sites for N-linked glycosylation, consistent with the documented properties of gp29. Transcription of a full-length cDNA in an SP65 vector and subsequent translation of the RNA in reticulocyte lysates in vitro generated a protein of 27 kDa, which was glycosylated upon the addition of pancreatic microsomal membranes. A postulated role for this secreted enzyme could be inhibition of the oxidative burst of leukocytes and neutralization of secondary products of lipid peroxidation, thus providing one explanation for the resistance of these parasites to immune effector mechanisms and their persistence in the mammalian host.
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PMID:Identification of the major soluble cuticular glycoprotein of lymphatic filarial nematode parasites (gp29) as a secretory homolog of glutathione peroxidase. 163 Oct 65

The glycoprotein, gp30, is the major soluble cuticular antigen of the adult lymphatic fiarial worm Brugia pahangi (Maizels et al., 1983, Devaney, 1988). Cookson et al., 1992 suggested that gp30 may function as an antioxidant enzyme protecting B. pahangi from the vertebrate host defence mechanism. In this communication we report that the gp30 transcript is present in each of the life cycle stages, including mosquito derived L3's, and that there is a 50 fold increase in the transcription of gp30 in young adults (28 days post infection) compared to mature adults. These findings suggest that gp30 performs a general function relevant throughout the B. pahangi life cycle and in particular to young adults.
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PMID:Stage specific differences in steady state levels of mRNA encoding the major surface glycoprotein of Brugia pahangi. 771 3

Ricin, a glycoprotein from castor oil seeds, is specifically toxic to Kupffer cells and at low doses it leaves parenchymal cells comparatively unaffected. At a dose of approximately 1.5 microgram/100 g body weight, ricin significantly increases the hepatic antioxidant enzyme system in rats within 24 hr. Superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase show an increase in liver tissue levels of 19-24%. However, hepatic lipid peroxidation is elevated by about 34% and non-protein sulphydryl is reduced by 26%. The enhanced levels of antioxidant enzymes appear to protect the hepatocytes from the toxin. The observed elevation of hepatic thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances appears to originate mainly from the damaged Kupffer cells.
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PMID:Role of antioxidant enzyme defence in sparing rat hepatocytes from toxicity of ricin at low dose. 792 30

We have evaluated the possible association of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with 15 genomic variants previously described to influence insulin resistance, obesity, and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus. Seventy-two PCOS patients and 42 healthy controls were genotyped for 15 variants in the genes encoding for paraoxonase (three variants), plasma cell differentiation antigen glycoprotein, human sorbin and SH3 domain containing 1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma2, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (two variants), adiponectin (two variants), IGF1, IGF2, IGF1 receptor, and IGF2 receptor. Compared with controls, PCOS patients were more frequently homozygous for the -108T variant in paraoxonase (36.6% vs. 9.5%; P = 0.002) and homozygous for G alleles of the ApaI variant in IGF2 (62.9% vs. 38.1%; P = 0.018). Paraoxonase is a serum antioxidant enzyme and, because -108T alleles result in decreased paraoxonase expression, this increase in oxidative stress might result in insulin resistance. G alleles of the ApaI variant in IGF2 may increase IGF2 expression, and IGF2 stimulates adrenal and ovarian androgen secretion. In conclusion, the paraoxonase -108 C-->T variant and the ApaI polymorphism in the IGF2 gene are associated with PCOS and might contribute to increased oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and hyperandrogenism in this prevalent disorder.
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PMID:Association of the polycystic ovary syndrome with genomic variants related to insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and obesity. 1518 Oct 35

This study was carried out to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of glycoprotein isolated from the stems of Ulmus davidiana Nakai (UDN), which has been used as an anti-inflammatory agent in folk medicine. We evaluated lipid peroxidation in glucose/glucose oxidase (G/GO)-induced BNL CL.2 cells and measured thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), nitric oxide (NO), antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)), activity of cytotoxic-related signals (hepatic cytochrome c, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) and activator protein-1 (AP-1)) and levels of plasma lipids (triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC)) in carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4,) 1.0 mL kg(-1))-induced A/J mouse. The results in G/GO-induced BNL CL.2 cells showed that UDN glycoprotein had a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation. The results in carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4,) 1.0 mL kg(-1))-induced A/J mouse indicated that treatment with UDN glycoprotein (40 mg kg -1) lowered LDH activity and TBARS formation, and increased NO production and antioxidant enzymes activity, compared with control. Also, our finding from CCl(4)-treated mice after pretreatment with UDN glycoprotein demonstrated that the activity of cytotoxic-related signals decreased but the levels of plasma lipids increased, compared with CCl(4) treatment alone. Here, we speculate that UDN glycoprotein has a protective character to CCl(4)-induced mouse liver injury.
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PMID:Protective effect of glycoprotein isolated from Ulmus davidiana Nakai on carbon tetrachloride-induced mouse liver injury. 1639 75

The Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten MAKINO (OFI) has been traditionally used as health food and herbal agent in folk medicine in Korea. In this study, we investigated whether the OFI glycoprotein has antioxidative activity and hypolipidemic effect on Triton WR-1339-induced A/J mice. The OFI glycoprotein inhibits the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by glucose/glucose oxidase (G/GO) in BNL CL.2 cells. With its antioxidative property, the mice were orally administered in the OFI glycoprotein [50 mg/kg body weight (BW)] for two weeks. Our finding resulted in a significant decrease of plasma lipid levels in Triton WR-1339-treated mice such as total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Indeed, mice which induced by Triton WR-1339 were significantly increased the levels of TC, TG and LDL, whereas the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level obviously decreased. However, the values were reversed at pretreatment with OFI glycoprotein in Triton WR-1339-treated mice. The data also showed that pretreatment with OFI glycoprotein resulted in decrease of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) level and in increase of nitric oxide (NO) amount in presence of Triton WR-1339-treated mice, while the activities of antioxidant enzyme [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)] were augmented. Therefore, we speculate that the OFI glycoprotein would be effective in lowering of plasma lipid levels.
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PMID:Glycoprotein (90 kDa) isolated from Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten MAKINO lowers plasma lipid level through scavenging of intracellular radicals in Triton WR-1339-induced mice. 1681 75

The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential anticancer properties and modulatory effect of selected Aloe vera (A. vera) active principles on antioxidant enzyme activities. Thus, three anthraquinones (Namely: aloesin, aloe-emodin and barbaloin) were extracted from A. vera leaves by supercritical fluid extraction and subsequently purified by high performance liquid chromatography. Additionally, the N-terminal octapeptide derived from verectin, a biologically active 14 kDa glycoprotein present in A. vera, was also tested. In vivo, active principles exhibited significant prolongation of the life span of tumor-transplanted animals in the following order: barbaloin> octapeptide> aloesin > aloe-emodin. A. vera active principles exhibited significant inhibition on Ehrlich ascite carcinoma cell (EACC) number, when compared to positive control group, in the following order: barbaloin> aloe-emodin > octapeptide > aloesin. Moreover, in trypan blue cell viability assay, active principles showed a significant concentration-dependent cytotoxicity against acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphocytes leukemia (ALL) cancerous cells. Furthermore, in MTT cell viability test, aloe-emodin was found to be active against two human colon cancer cell lines (i.e. DLD-1 and HT2), with IC(50) values of 8.94 and 10.78 microM, respectively. Treatments of human AML leukemic cells with active principles (100 microg ml(-1)) resulted in varying intensities of internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, hallmark of cells undergoing apoptosis, in the following order: aloe-emodin> aloesin> barbaloin> octapeptide. Intererstingly, treatment of EACC tumors with active principles resulted in a significant elevation activity of key antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GST, tGPx, and LDH). Our data suggest that the tested A. vera compounds may exert their chemo-preventive effect through modulating antioxidant and detoxification enzyme activity levels, as they are one of the indicators of tumorigenesis. These findings are discussed in the light of the potential of A. vera plant extracts for developing efficient, specific and non-toxic anticancer drugs that are affordable for developing countries.
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PMID:Antitumor properties and modulation of antioxidant enzymes' activity by Aloe vera leaf active principles isolated via supercritical carbon dioxide extraction. 1994 74

Reactive lipid hydroperoxides formed by lipoxygenases and cyclooxygenases can contribute to disease through cellular oxidative damage. Several selenoproteins have lipid hydroperoxidase activity, including glutathione peroxidase 4, thioredoxin reductase, and selenoprotein P (SelP). SelP is an extracellular glycoprotein that functions both in selenium distribution and has an antioxidant activity. The major objective of this study was to determine if an SelP, at physiological concentrations and in selenium replete media, possessed hydroperoxidase activity directed at lipid hydroperoxides generated from the metabolism of arachidonic acid by 15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LOX-1). An SelP displayed in vitro lipid hydroperoxidase activity of 15-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HpETE), attenuated 15-HpETE oxidation in cellular assays, and in transcellular assay when 15-LOX-1 is metabolically active. These results suggest that an SelP can function as an antioxidant enzyme against reactive lipid intermediates formed during inflammation, but an SelP has modest activity. Nevertheless, this effect may help protect cells against the oxidative damage induced by these lipid metabolites.
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PMID:Selenoprotein P protects cells from lipid hydroperoxides generated by 15-LOX-1. 2082 80

Zinc (Zn) is a component of numerous enzymes that function in a wide range of biological process, including growth, development, immunity and intermediary metabolism. Zn may play a role in chronic states such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. Zn acts as cofactor and for many enzymes and proteins and has antioxidant, antiinflammatory and antiapoptotic effects. Taking into consideration that lung is a possible target organ for diabetic complications, the aim of this study was to investigate the protective role of zinc on the glycoprotein content and antioxidant enzyme activities of streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rat tissues. Female Swiss albino rats were divided into four groups. Group I, control; Group II, control + zinc sulfate; Group III, STZ-diabetic; Group IV, diabetic + zinc sulfate. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ (65 mg/kg body weight). Zinc sulfate was given daily by gavage at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight every day for 60 days to groups II and IV. At the last day of the experiment, rats were sacrificed, lung tissues were taken. Also, glycoprotein components, tissue factor (TF) activity, protein carbonyl (PC), advanced oxidative protein products (AOPP), hydroxyproline, and enzyme activities in lung tissues were determined. Glycoprotein components, TF activity, lipid peroxidation, non enzymatic glycation, PC, AOPP, hydroxyl proline, lactate dehydrogenase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, myeloperoxidase, xanthine oxidase, adenosine deaminase and prolidase significantly increased in lung tissues of diabetic rats. Also, glutathione levels, paraoxonase, arylesterase, carbonic anhydrase, and Na(+)/K(+)- ATPase activities were decreased. Administration of zinc significantly reversed these effects. Thus, the study indicates that zinc possesses a significantly beneficial effect on the glycoprotein components and oxidant/antioxidant enzyme activities.
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PMID:Zinc supplementation ameliorates glycoprotein components and oxidative stress changes in the lung of streptozotocin diabetic rats. 2681 46