Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P30044 (antioxidant enzyme)
 8,037 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

HORF6 is a member of the novel antioxidant enzyme family found in humans. A recombinant form of hORF6 expressed and purified from E. coli has been crystallized by the hanging-drop method using various PEG's as precipitating agents. HORF6 crystallizes in two different monoclinic space groups, P21 and C2. The P21 crystals have unit-cell dimensions of a = 47.85, b = 75.17, c = 63.30 A and beta = 110.21 degrees and contain two monomers per asymmetric unit, while the C2 crystals have unit-cell dimensions of a = 165.27, b = 95.44, c = 166.44 A and beta = 128.97 degrees and contain more than six monomers per asymmetric unit. The P21 crystals with the smaller unit cell diffract X-rays better and behave well for the X-ray analysis. A native data set from a single crystal of the P21 space group gas been collected to 2.0 A resolution.
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PMID:Crystallization and preliminary X-ray studies of hORF6, a novel human antioxidant enzyme. 976 20

Thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) in conjunction with thioredoxin (Trx) is a ubiquitous intracellular oxidoreductase system with antioxidant and redox regulatory roles. The properties of TrxR in combination with the functions of Trx position this system at the core of cellular thiol redox control and antioxidant defense. In some human tumors, the thioredoxin system is found over-expressed. Because of its role in stimulating cancer cell growth and as an inhibitor of apoptosis, the Trx system offers a target for the development of drugs to treat and prevent cancer. In a previous research, we successfully synthesized a novel organoselenium compound BBSKE(1,2-[bis(1,2-Benzisoselenazolone-3(2H)-ketone)]ethane, BBSKE, PCT: CN02/00412) targeting the TrxR, and it has demonstrated the inhibitory effect on the growth of a variety of human cancer cells from various organs. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of BBSKE on TrxR activity in PC-3 and DU145 human prostate cancer cell lines, and its antitumoral effect on these two cell lines. Treatment of BBSKE inhibited the TrxR activity in both of the cell lines in a dose-dependent manner and it also inhibited the proliferation of these two cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Cell cycle analysis showed S phase arrest in both of the cell lines following 48 h exposure to BBSKE. During the S arrest, analysis of cell cycle regulatory proteins demonstrated that BBSKE increased the protein levels of cyclinA, cyclinE, and P21, but decreased the levels of cyclinB1, cyclinD1, and Cdk4. Furthermore, BBSKE decreased the protein level of Bcl-2 but increased the level of Bax, and induced apoptosis in PC-3 and DU145 human prostate cancer cell lines. These results suggest that this novel TrxR inhibitor inhibits the proliferation of prostate cancer cells via S phase arrest and apoptosis in association with the regulation of multiple molecules in the cell cycle.
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PMID:A novel organoselenium compound induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in prostate cancer cell lines. 1296 29

Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathologies of photoreceptor cells, and the protective role of antioxidant enzymes for photoreceptor cells have been well understood. However, their essentiality has remained unknown. In this study we generated photoreceptor-specific conditional knock-out (CKO) mice of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) and showed the critical role of GPx4 for photoreceptor cells. In the wild-type retina the dominant GPx4 expression was in the mitochondria, indicating the mitochondrial variant was the major GPx4 in the retina. In the GPx4-CKO mice, although photoreceptor cells developed and differentiated into rod and cone cells by P12, they rapidly underwent drastic degeneration and completely disappeared by P21. The photoreceptor cell death in the GPx4-CKO mice was associated with the nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and TUNEL-positive cells. Photoreceptor cells before undergoing apoptosis (P11) exhibited decreased mitochondrial biomass, decreased number of connecting cilia, as well as disorganized structure of outer segments. These findings indicate that GPx4 is a critical antioxidant enzyme for the maturation and survival of photoreceptor cells.
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PMID:Glutathione peroxidase 4 is required for maturation of photoreceptor cells. 2220 60