Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P30044 (antioxidant enzyme)
 8,037 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

It has been shown that emotional stress may induce oxidative damage, and considerably change the balance between pro-oxidant and antioxidant factors in the brain. The aim of this study was to verify the effect of repeated restraint stress (RRS; 1 h/day during 40 days) on several parameters of oxidative stress in the hippocampus of adult Wistar rats. We evaluated the lipid peroxide levels (assessed by TBARS levels), the production of free radicals (evaluated by the DCF test), the total radical-trapping potential (TRAP) and the total antioxidant reactivity (TAR) levels, and antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, GPx and CAT) in hippocampus of rats. The results showed that RRS induced an increase in TBARS levels and in GPx activity, while TAR was reduced. We concluded that RRS induces oxidative stress in the rat hippocampus, and that these alterations may contribute to the deleterious effects observed after prolonged stress.
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PMID:Repeated restraint stress induces oxidative damage in rat hippocampus. 1575 38

The purpose of the investigation was to study age-related changes in reaction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme system in response to acute psychoemotional stress in non human primates. Ten young (6-8 years) and ten old (20-26 years) healthy female rhesus monkeys were subjected to acute moderate psycho-emotional stress (two hours squeeze cage restraint) at 15:00 h. Plasma cortisol (F), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase, gluthatione reductase (GR), gluthatione-S-transferase, and lipid peroxidation products (TBARS) in erythrocytes were measured before stress and 30, 60, 120, 240 min and 24 h after beginning of the stress. In young monkeys SOD activity decreased in response to the stress while it increased in the half of old monkeys. Young animals also demonstrated essentially higher increase in plasma F level and GR activity in response to the restraint, in comparison with old monkeys. Level of TBARS did not change in response to the stress in young animals and significantly increased in old monkeys. The age-related alterations in F, SOD, and GR stress responsiveness lead to activation of peroxide oxidation of lipids that may be considered as an important factor of aging damage of erythrocyte functioning and reliability of oxygen transport to tissues under stress conditions.
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PMID:[Stress, aging, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and reliability of antioxidant enzyme defence]. 1943 5

Clinical and experimental data point to existence of disturbances of adaptive ability of aged organism to extreme impacts. However mechanisms of these disturbances are not clear yet. The purpose of the investigation was to study age-related changes in reaction of erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme system in response to acute psycho-emotional stress and a possible role of these changes in age-related alterations of oxygen blood transport in nonhuman primates. Ten young (6-8 years) and ten old (20-26 years) healthy female rhesus monkeys were subjected to acute moderate psycho-emotional stress (two hours squeeze cage restraint) at 1500h. Plasma cortisol, lipid peroxidation products (TBARS) and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase, gluthatione reductase (GR), and gluthatione-S-transferase in erythrocytes were measured before stress and at 30, 60, 120, 240 min and 24 hours after beginning of the stress. We have found for the first time that SOD activity decreased in response to the stress in young monkeys while it increased in the half of old monkeys. Young animals also demonstrated essentially higher increase in GR activity and plasma cortisol level in response to the restraint in comparison with old monkeys. Level of TBARS did not practically change in response to the stress in young animals and significantly increased in old monkeys. The study demonstrated that the age-related alterations in SOD and GR stress responsiveness lead to activation of peroxide oxidation of lipids that may be considered as an important factor of aging damage of erythrocyte functioning and reliability of oxygen transport to tissues under stress conditions.
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PMID:Stress, aging and reliability of antioxidant enzyme defense. 2002 69

We have investigated age-related changes in the reliability of glutathione-related antioxidant enzyme defense in monkeys that differ in adaptive behavior. Activities of gluthatione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and gluthatione-S-transferase (GST) and also lipid peroxidation products (TBARS) under basal conditions and under acute psycho-emotional stress were evaluated in erythrocytes of young (6-8 years) and old (20-27 years) female rhesus monkeys with depression-like and standard (control) behavior. We have found that young animals with depression-like behavior, in comparison with young monkeys of standard behavior, demonstrated higher activity of GR in basal conditions and no significant changes in response to acute immobilization stress. With aging the activity of GR increased in monkeys with standard behavior in basal conditions but retained the ability to increase under acute stress. At the same time during aging in monkeys with depression-like behavior GR activity did not undergo significant changes in basal conditions and did not change in response to acute stress. Moreover, old animals with depression-like behavior demonstrated reduced activity of GSH-Px. More pronounced disturbances in GR and GSH-Px activities in animals with depression-like behavior evidence a more marked decrease in the reliability of antioxidant enzyme defense of cells and lead to activation of lipid peroxidation that may be considered as an important factor of aging. Thus, age-related dysfunctions of the antioxidant enzyme system correlate with the type of adaptive behavior characteristic of animals.
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PMID:Age-related changes in the reliability of antioxidant enzyme defense in monkeys with different types of adaptive behavior. 2303 Jan 28

Subjective tinnitus is a frequent, debilitating hearing disorder causing severe emotional stress and psychological suffering. Likewise, many reports show that the onset of tinnitus occurs at the time of high stress or after a period of stress. It is also common for existing tinnitus to become worse during exposure to stress. However, in clinical practice the association between tinnitus and stress is often neglected. Extensive search of the Web of Science database has shown a low ratio of scientific articles about coexistence of stress and tinnitus compared to other stress-related conditions. Specifically, there are about sixteen times more articles investigating comorbid stress in chronic pain, about six times more in chronic fatigue, and about four times more in fibromyalgia. Previous studies of biological markers of stress in tinnitus patients showed normal diurnal levels of stress hormone cortisol. However, experimental studies of tinnitus subjects showed a blunted reactive cortisol response after a psychosocial stress test, exposure to noise in the laboratory and a dexamethasone suppression test. In addition, tinnitus subjects showed increased sympathetic tone, and weakened sympathetic response after exposure to mental arithmetic task. In tinnitus subjects oxidative metabolism shows imbalance with shift from antioxidant enzyme preponderance towards oxidative stress predominance. Relaxation therapeutic programs reduce stress-sensitive immunological parameter tumor necrosis factor alpha. Although existing data indisputably proves existence of comprehensive connections between tinnitus and psychological stress, there is still no empirical evidence to show whether stress as a etiological, or just contributing factor. Further research should give the ultimate answer on this subject.
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PMID:Comorbidity of Chronic Tinnitus and Psychological Stress - Which Came First, the Chicken or the Egg? 3321 44