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Query: UNIPROT:P30044 (
antioxidant enzyme
)
8,037
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
Hydrogen peroxide (H
2
O
2
) acts as a signaling molecule in response to cold stress. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and C-repeat/
dehydration
-responsive factor (CBF) play important roles in cold response regulation. To investigate the roles of MAPKs and CBF in H
2
O
2
-induced chilling tolerance, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Ailsa Craig) plants were treated with 1 mM H
2
O
2
before chilling treatment. The results showed that H
2
O
2
treatment protected subcellular structure, increased concentrations of abscisic acid (ABA), zeatin riboside (ZR), and methyl jasmonate (MeJA), but decreased the concentration of gibberellic acid (GA
3
). Furthermore, 1 mM H
2
O
2
treatment enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Meanwhile, relative expressions of SlMAPK1/2/3 and SlCBF1 in H
2
O
2
-treated plants were higher than those in the control. Our findings suggest that H
2
O
2
treatment might enhance the chilling tolerance of tomato plants by activating SlMAPK1/2/3 and SlCBF1 gene expression and by regulating phytohormone concentrations and
antioxidant enzyme
activities.
...
PMID:SlMAPK1/2/3 and Antioxidant Enzymes Are Associated with H
2
O
2
-Induced Chilling Tolerance in Tomato Plants. 2869 66
To understand the link between long-term drought tolerance and short-term drought responses in plants, transgenic rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants over-expressing the maize C
4-
pepc gene encoding phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PC) and wild-type (WT) rice plants were subjected to PEG 6000 treatments to simulate drought stress. Compared with WT, PC had the higher survival rate and net photosynthetic rate after 16days of drought treatment, and had higher relative water content in leaves after 2h of drought treatment as well, conferring drought tolerance. WT accumulated higher amounts of malondialdehyde, superoxide radicals, and H
2
O
2
than PC under the 2-h PEG 6000 treatment, indicating greater damages in WT. Results from pretreatments with a Ca
2+
chelator and/or antagonist showed that the regulation of the early drought response in PC was Ca
2+
-dependent. The NO and H
2
O
2
levels in PC lines were also up-regulated via Ca
2+
signals, indicating that Ca
2+
in PC lines also reacted upstream of NO and H
2
O
2
. 2-h drought treatment increased the transcripts of CPK9 and CPK4 in PC via positive up-regulation of Ca
2+
. The transcripts of NAC6 [NACs (NAM, ATAF1, ATAF2, and CUC2)] and bZIP60 (basic leucine zipper, bZIP) were up-regulated, but those of DREB2B (
dehydration
-responsive element-binding protein, DREB) were down-regulated, both via Ca
2+
signals in PC. PEPC activity, expressions of C
4
-pepc, and the
antioxidant enzyme
activities in PC lines were up-regulated via Ca
2+
. These results indicated that Ca
2+
signals in PC lines can up-regulate the NAC6 and bZIP60 and the downstream targets for early drought responses, conferring drought tolerance for the long term.
...
PMID:Improved short-term drought response of transgenic rice over-expressing maize C
4
phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase via calcium signal cascade. 2888 62
Effect of different water conditions on the physiological indexes (e.g.seed water content, vigor, antioxidase activities)of Panax notoginseng seeds were studied under process of after-ripening and germination.The results showed show that compared with 2.5% treatment, under the treatment of 5%, P.notoginseng seeds possessed stable seed water content, the seed vigor was exceed by 51%,variation of
antioxidant enzyme
(SOD, POD, CAT) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were small, crude fat and total sugar content decreased significantly.With the increase of PEG 6000 concentration, the germination characteristic indexes obviously decreased, antioxidase activities increased firstly and decreased afterwards, content of MDA, soluble protein and total sugar increased obviously.There were significant positive correlation between germination characteristic indexes and osmotic substance content(r>0.900, P<0.01), and significant negative correlation with MDA (r>0.900, P<0.01).In conclusion, because the characteristic of
dehydration
intolerance of P.notoginseng seeds, 5% water content of sand burying stratification treatment was the best for after-ripening, 15% concentration of PEG 6000 treatment was the highest tolerance limit of germination process.
...
PMID:[Effect of different water conditions on Panax notoginseng seeds after-ripening and germination physiology]. 2890 Oct 59
MYB-type transcription factors (MYB TFs) play diverse roles in plant development and stress responses. However, the mechanisms underlying the actions of MYB TFs during stress response remain unclear. In this study we identified a R2R3-MYB TF in soybean (Glycine max), denoted GmMYB84, which contributes to drought resistance. Expression of GmMYB84 was induced by drought, salt stress, H2O2 and ABA. Compared with the wild type (WT), GmMYB84-overexpressing soybean mutants (OE lines) exhibited enhanced drought resistance with a higher survival rate, longer primary root length, greater proline and reactive oxygen species (ROS) contents, higher
antioxidant enzyme
activities [peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)], a lower
dehydration
rate and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content. We also found that ROS could induce SOD/POD/CAT activity in OE lines. In particular, we found that the optimal level of ROS is required for GmMYB84 to modulate primary root elongation. Some ROS-related genes were up-regulated under abiotic stress in GmMYB84 transgenic plants compared with the WT. Furthermore, electrophoretic mobility shift assay and luciferase reporter analysis demonstrated that GmMYB84 binds directly to the promoter of GmRBOHB-1 and GmRBOHB-2 genes. Based on this evidence, we propose a model for how GmMYB84, H2O2 and antioxidant enzymes work together to control root growth under both optimal and drought stress conditions.
...
PMID:Drought Tolerance Conferred in Soybean (Glycine max. L) by GmMYB84, a Novel R2R3-MYB Transcription Factor. 2901 15
Plants often develop the capacity to tolerate moderate and reversible environmental stresses, such as drought, and to re-establish normal development once the stress has been removed. An example of this phenomenon is provided by cut rose (Rosa hybrida) flowers, which experience typical reversible
dehydration
stresses during post-harvest handling after harvesting at the bud stages. The molecular mechanisms involved in rose flower
dehydration
tolerance are not known, however. Here, we characterized a
dehydration
- and abscisic acid (ABA)-induced ferritin gene (RhFer1).
Dehydration
-induced free ferrous iron (Fe
2+
) is preferentially sequestered by RhFer1 and not transported outside of the petal cells, to restrict oxidative stresses during
dehydration
. Free Fe
2+
accumulation resulted in more serious oxidative stresses and the induction of genes encoding
antioxidant enzyme
in RhFer1-silenced petals, and poorer
dehydration
tolerance was observed compared with tobacco rattle virus (TRV) controls. We also determined that RhABF2, an AREB/ABF transcription factor involved in the ABA signaling pathway, can activate RhFer1 expression by directly binding to its promoter. The silencing of RhABF2 decreased
dehydration
tolerance and disrupted Fe homeostasis in rose petals during
dehydration
, as did the silencing of RhFer1. Although both RhFer1 and Fe transporter genes are induced during flower natural senescence in plants, the silencing of RhABF2 or RhFer1 accelerates the petal senescence processes. These results suggest that the regulatory module RhABF2/RhFer1 contributes to the maintenance of Fe levels and enhances
dehydration
tolerance through the action of RhFer1 locally sequestering free Fe
2+
under
dehydration
conditions, and plays synergistic roles with transporter genes during flower senescence.
...
PMID:A RhABF2/Ferritin module affects rose (Rosa hybrida) petal dehydration tolerance and senescence by modulating iron levels. 2907 77
ZmNF-YB16 is a basic NF-YB superfamily member and a member of a transcription factor complex composed of NF-YA, NF-YB, and NF-YC in maize.
ZmNF-YB16
was transformed into the inbred maize line B104 to produce homozygous overexpression lines.
ZmNF-YB16
overexpression improves
dehydration
and drought stress resistance in maize plants during vegetative and reproductive stages by maintaining higher photosynthesis and increases the maize grain yield under normal and drought stress conditions. Based on the examination of differentially expressed genes between the wild-type (WT) and transgenic lines by quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR),
ZmNF-YB16
overexpression increased the expression of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes, the antioxidant synthase, and molecular chaperones associated with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, and improved protection mechanism for photosynthesis system II. Plants that overexpression
ZmNF-YB16
showed a higher rate of photosynthesis and
antioxidant enzyme
activity, better membrane stability and lower electrolyte leakage under control and drought stress conditions. These results suggested that
ZmNF-YB16
played an important role in drought resistance in maize by regulating the expression of a number of genes involved in photosynthesis, the cellular antioxidant capacity and the ER stress response.
...
PMID:
ZmNF-YB16
Overexpression Improves Drought Resistance and Yield by Enhancing Photosynthesis and the Antioxidant Capacity of Maize Plants. 2989 8
In plant cells, vacuolar H
+
-ATPases (V-ATPases) are responsible for deacidification of the cytosol and energisation of the secondary transport processes across the tonoplast. A number of V-ATPase subunit genes have been demonstrated to be involved in the regulation of the plant response to water deficit. However, there are no reports on the role of V-ATPase subunit A (VHA-A) in
dehydration
tolerance of cotton. In this study, cotton
GhVHA-A
gene was functionally characterized, especially with regard to its role in
dehydration
stress tolerance. Expression analysis showed that
GhVHA-A
was differentially expressed in various cotton organs and was induced by
dehydration
, low temperature, high salinity, and abscisic acid treatment in leaves. We also report that
GhVHA-A
improve
dehydration
tolerance in transgenic tobacco and cotton. Virus-induced gene silencing of
GhVHA-A
decreased the tolerance of cotton plantlets to
dehydration
stress. Silencing
GhVHA-A
decreased chlorophyll content and
antioxidant enzyme
activities and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content in cotton under
dehydration
stress. However, transgenic tobacco expressing
GhVHA-A
exhibited enhanced
dehydration
resistance, resulting in reduced leaf water loss, higher average root length, and lower MDA levels under
dehydration
stress. Meanwhile, overexpression of
GhVHA-A
in tobacco conferred water deficit tolerance by enhancing osmotic adjustment (proline) and the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and peroxidase, thereby enhancing reactive oxygen species detoxification. These results suggest that
GhVHA-A
plays an important role in conferring resistance to
dehydration
stress. Our results have identified
GhVHA-A
as a candidate gene for improving
dehydration
tolerance in plants.
...
PMID:The Gene Encoding Subunit A of the Vacuolar H
+
-ATPase From Cotton Plays an Important Role in Conferring Tolerance to Water Deficit. 2993 May 64
The tea plant (
Camellia sinensis
(L.) O. Kuntze) is an economically important woody perennial nonalcoholic health beverage crop. Tea seeds are categorized as recalcitrant and are sensitive to
dehydration
treatment. However, the molecular basis of this phenomenon has not been investigated. Thus, we analyzed the genome-wide expression profiles of three
dehydration
stages using RNA-Seq and digital gene expression (DGE) technologies. We performed de novo assembly and obtained a total of 91,925 nonredundant unigenes, of which 58,472 were extensively annotated. By a hierarchical clustering of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), we found that 8929 DEGs were downregulated and 5875 DEGs were upregulated during
dehydration
treatment. A series of genes related to ABA biosynthesis and signal transduction, transcription factor,
antioxidant enzyme
, LEA protein, and proline metabolism that have been reported to function in
dehydration
process were found to be downregulated. Additionally, the expression profiles of 12 selected genes related to tea seed
dehydration
treatment were confirmed by qRT-PCR analysis. To our knowledge, this is the first genome-wide study elucidating the possible molecular mechanisms of sensitivity of recalcitrant tea seeds to
dehydration
. The results obtained in this study contribute to the preservation of tea seeds as genetic resources and can also be used to explore the mechanism of
dehydration
sensitivity of other recalcitrant seeds.
...
PMID:Transcriptome and Expression Profiling Analysis of Recalcitrant Tea (
Camellia sinensis
L.) Seeds Sensitive to Dehydration. 2996 65
Marine alginate-derived oligosaccharides (ADOs) are prepared from degraded alginate. Our experiments were carried out to determine the mechanism of ADOs to improve resistance to water stress in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). We evaluated the effects of ADOs on physiological indices, photosynthesis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels,
antioxidant enzyme
activities, and relative expression levels of drought resistance genes. The growth of drought stressed cucumber decreased markedly. However, treatment with ADOs significantly improved the diameter, fresh weight, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) and chlorophyll degradation; thus, reversing the effects of drought stress. Moreover, the antioxidant levels and ROS scavenging enzyme activities also increased in response to the ADOs. Additionally, the genes involved in abscisic aid (ABA) signaling and the drought stress response, such as superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] (CsSOD(Cu-Zn)), the peroxidase superfamily protein (CsPOD3), ABA deficient 2 (CsABA2), responsive to ABA 18 (CsRAB18), abscisic acid insensitive 5 (CsABI5), responsive to
dehydration
22 (CsRD22), and responsive to
dehydration
29A (CsRD29A) were upregulated by ADOs. The ABA content was also improved by ADOs. Our results suggest that ADOs induced the expression of some
antioxidant enzyme
synthetic genes involved in the ABA signaling pathway by stimulating ABA synthesis to improve the drought resistance capacity in cucumber.
...
PMID:Alginate-derived oligosaccharides promote water stress tolerance in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). 2998 96
Resurrection plants possess a unique ability to counteract desiccation stress. Desiccation tolerance (DT) is a very complex multigenic and multifactorial process comprising a combination of physiological, morphological, cellular, genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolic processes. Modification in the sugar composition of the hemicellulosic fraction of the cell wall is detected during
dehydration
. An important change is a decrease of glucose in the hemicellulosic fraction during
dehydration
that can reflect a modification of the xyloglucan structure. The expansins might also be involved in cell wall flexibility during drying and disrupt hydrogen bonds between polymers during rehydration of the cell wall. Cleavages by xyloglucan-modifying enzymes release the tightly bound xyloglucan-cellulose network, thus increasing cell wall flexibility required for cell wall folding upon desiccation. Changes in hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins (HRGPs) such as arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) are also observed during desiccation and rehydration processes. It has also been observed that significant alterations in the process of photosynthesis and photosystem (PS) II activity along with changes in the
antioxidant enzyme
system also increased the cell wall and membrane fluidity resulting in DT. Similarly, recent data show a major role of ABA, LEA proteins, and small regulatory RNA in regulating DT responses. Current progress in "-
omic
" technologies has enabled quantitative monitoring of the plethora of biological molecules in a high throughput routine, making it possible to compare their levels between desiccation-sensitive and DT species. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of structural, physiological, cellular, molecular, and global responses involved in desiccation tolerance.
...
PMID:Perspectives on Structural, Physiological, Cellular, and Molecular Responses to Desiccation in Resurrection Plants. 3004 9
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