Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P30044 (antioxidant enzyme)
 8,037 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. Small mammals have been used to study the effects of O2 toxicity. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether body size should be considered when applying the results of these studies to man. 2. Oxygen toxicity is enhanced as perfusion and metabolism increase: specific animal tissues of high perfusion are more susceptible to O2 toxicity. Exercise, high metabolic rate, and increased brain blood flow enhance O2 toxicity. 3. Increased specific O2 consumption and perfusion as body mass decreases may enhance O2 toxicity in small mammals. 4. Survival time in normobaric hyperoxia (1 atm O2) and the time to first appearance of convulsions in hyperbaric oxygen (4-5 atm) were collected from the literature and showed no relation to body size. 5. Known difference in antioxidant enzyme activity cannot explain the findings. 6. Independence of tissue PO2 on body size, or equal rates of free radical formation and degradation, are suggested as possible mechanisms. 7. Small mammals can serve as a good model for O2 toxicity in man.
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PMID:Oxygen toxicity is not related to mammalian body size. 290 37

The present study investigated the effects of isopulegol, a monoterpene alcohol, in PTZ-induced convulsions and verified possible involved mechanisms. Saline, isopulegol or diazepam were intraperitonealy injected 30 min before PTZ. The latency for development of convulsions and mortality, as well as the mortality protection percentage was recorded. For investigating the involvement of GABAergic system, flumazenil was utilized. The activity of antioxidant enzyme catalase as well as the levels of reduced glutathione and lipid peroxidation were measured in brain hippocampus. Similarly to diazepam, isopulegol significantly prolonged the latency for convulsions and mortality of mice. All animals were protected against mortality at higher dose of isopulegol. Flumazenil pretreatment decreased the prolongation of seizure latency induced by both diazepam and isopulegol, although it was not able to reverse the latency and protection percent for mortality. Isopulegol also significantly prevented PTZ-induced increase in lipid peroxidation, preserved catalase activity in normal levels, and prevented the PTZ-induced loss of GSH in hippocampus of mice. These results suggest that the anticonvulsant and bioprotective effects of isopulegol against PTZ-induced convulsions are possibly related to positive modulation of benzodiazepine-sensitive GABA(A) receptors and to antioxidant properties.
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PMID:Effects of isopulegol on pentylenetetrazol-induced convulsions in mice: possible involvement of GABAergic system and antioxidant activity. 1955 70

Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced oxidative stress results in disturbance of the antioxidant enzyme status accompanied by neuronal injury and the development of epilepsy in rats. The present study evaluated the antioxidant effects of curcumin against PTZ-induced convulsions. Over a period of 30 days, i.p. injections of subconvulsive doses of PTZ on alternate days resulted in the development of a well-known kindling model of epilepsy. Spectrophotometric analysis revealed a markedly elevated activity of the antioxidant enzymes malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in the cerebrum and cerebellum of epileptic rats due to PTZ-induced oxidative stress. Oral supplementation of curcumin at a dose of 2 g/kg for 30 days resulted in a transient decrease in MDA, catalase and GST levels in the rat cerebrum and cerebellum. Piperine (20 mg/kg orally) was administered along with curcumin to enhance the bioavailability of the latter up to 20-fold more. Combined treatment with curcumin and carbamazepine (3.6 mg/kg orally) also gave similar results, indicating that the potent antioxidant curcumin can be used as an adjuvant in antiepileptic therapy.
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PMID:Antioxidant potential of curcumin against oxidative insult induced by pentylenetetrazol in epileptic rats. 2050 69