Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P30044 (antioxidant enzyme)
 8,037 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. Studies were performed regarding the effects of CuSO4 in concentrations of 5, 10, 25 and 50 ppm and ZnSO4 in concentrations of 10 and 100 ppm on the antioxidant enzyme activities, lipid peroxidation and protein contents of tissues of common carp (Cyprinus carpio morpha L.) exposed to these pollutants for 24 hr. 2. The results demonstrated that CuSO4 was more toxic than ZnSO4 and that both treatments brought about significant changes in these parameters in carp hepatopancreas (liver), gill and white muscle. 3. An increase of the CuSO4 concentration led to significant decreases in the antioxidant enzyme activities, except that of glutathione peroxidase, which was increased significantly, and significant increases in the lipid peroxidation and protein contents. 4. An increase of the ZnSO4 concentration led to slight changes in the antioxidant enzyme activities, lipid peroxidation and protein contents of carp tissues.
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PMID:Effects of metal ions on the antioxidant enzyme activities, protein contents and lipid peroxidation of carp tissues. 290 75

The activities of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase, Mn-superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase were comparatively studied in organ homogenates from two herbivorous fishes, viz., the grass carp and the silver carp. 2. The protein contents and lipid peroxidation of organ homogenates were also compared. The comparative measurements primarily provide control values for subsequent toxicological examinations. 3. The highest total superoxide dismutase activities were found in the kidney, spleen and liver in the grass carp, and in the kidney and liver in the silver carp. 4. The antioxidant enzyme activities and other parameters of the organ homogenates appear to be independent of the feeding mode, but are rather characteristic of the fish variety.
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PMID:Comparative antioxidant enzyme study in freshwater fishes. I. Distribution of superoxide dismutase, peroxide-decomposing enzymes and lipid peroxidation in herbivorous fishes. 294 36

Analyses were made of the phsopholipid fatty acids and the antioxidant enzymes in the carp (Cyprinus carpio morpha) at three different oxygen concentrations, corresponding to hyperoxia, hypoxia and anoxia. Variations of the oxygen concentration were found to influence the quantities of phsopholipid fatty acids, as well as the antioxidant enzyme activities. In hyperoxia and hypoxia the amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids in carp liver was higher than in anoxia, but in other tissues there was no significant differences. As to the antioxidant enzyme system, the glutathione peroxidase activity and the lipid peroxidation value increased significantly with decrease of the oxygen concentration, while the total superoxide dismutase activity decreased on lowering of the oxygen level.
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PMID:Effects of various oxygen concentrations on antioxidant enzymes and the quantity of tissue phospholipid fatty acids in the carp. 325 9

Comparative studies were performed on the activities of superoxide dismutases, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in organ homogenates from three omnivorous fishes, the barbel, crucian carp and common carp. The lipid peroxidation and protein contents of organ homogenates were also compared. These comparative measurements primarily provide control values for subsequent toxicological examinations. The highest total superoxide dismutase activities were found in the liver or roe, kidney, heart and spleen in every cases. The antioxidant enzyme activities and other studied parameters of the organ homogenates partly appear to depend on the feeding mode, but are rather characteristic of the fish variety.
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PMID:Comparative antioxidant enzyme study in freshwater fishes. II. Distribution of antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in omnivorous fish organs. 367 48

The influence the pro- and antioxidant values the diethyl-dithiocarbamate (DDTC) in different concentrations in carp tissues was studied. From antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathion peroxidase activity changes were studied in tissue homogenates. Beside enzyme activities tissue lipid peroxidation (LP), reduced glutathione (GSH) and hydroxyl radical loading of the tissues were measured. Our results indicate that DDTC affects antioxidant parameters by generating GSH excess, not loading the cells thereby with "oxidative stress".
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PMID:Effects of diethyl-dithiocarbamate on antioxidant system in carp tissue. 919 96

Humics and pesticides are present in aquatic environment and the toxicological consequences of their chemical interaction is well studied. However, data concerning the mechanism of the biochemical action of humic-pesticide combinations are scarce, especially in vertebrates. Thus we have chosen to study the in vivo effects of the plant polyphenolic tannic acid and the pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin [Decis] alone or in combination on hepatic xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme activities and the associated redox-parameters in carp, as the complex assessment of these systems are regarded to serve as a relevant biomarker of environmental pollution. Stress effects and tissue damage were followed by determination of the plasma glucose level, the activities of plasma transaminases, and by electron microscopy. Tannic acid alone exerted weak prooxidant effect due to its marked antioxidant enzyme inhibitory activity. Deltamethrin, applied in a very low dose, induced oxyradical production in fish via activation of cytochrome P450 isozymes. This effect was promoted by the antioxidant enzyme inhibitory action of tannic acid, when the two chemicals were combined; however, the ultrastructural damage of the hepatocytes was reduced by the common cytoprotective capacity of the phenolic. Numerous humics are known to alter the toxicity of pesticides and their influence depends on their type and concentration. Therefore, our work taken together with other comparative studies may contribute to the assessment of the impact of humics in nature, especially in case of environmental pollution.
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PMID:Influence of the polyphenolic tannic acid on the toxicity of the insecticide deltametihrin to fish. A comparative study examining both biochemical and cytopathological parameters. 1237 15

The mechanism of Cd2+ on the DNA cleavage and Ce3+ on the DNA repair in the kidney of silver crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) is investigated by agarose gel electrophoresis methods and assaying biochemical indexes. It proves that Cd2+ induces the classical laddering degradation of DNA in vivo, but DNA cleavage is repaired after injecting with a low Ce3+ concentration under various Cd2+ concentrations. The DNA cleavage caused by Cd2+ is the result of the activation of deoxyribonuclease (DNase) and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and Cd2+ destroys the antioxidant system, which diminishes the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase, and the increase of the lipid peroxidation (LPO) level. However, Ce3+ could inhibit activation of Cd2+ on DNase activity, relieve inhibition of Cd2+ on activities of the antioxidant enzyme, and diminish ROS accumulation. The results show that Ce3+ could relieve the toxicity of Cd2+ to silver crucian carp.
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PMID:Regulative mechanism of Ce3+ relieves DNA damage caused by Cd2+ in the kidney of silver crucian carp. 1719 24

The increase of environmental temperature at physiological range can cause oxidative stress in exotherms, which in most cases leads to activation of the antioxidant enzyme, manganese-1 superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD). This work is aimed to evaluate the changes in Mn-SOD enzyme activity and mRNA levels in the common carp, Cyprinus carpio, during transition from lower (15 degrees C) to higher (25 and 30 degrees C) temperatures. In liver, 25 degrees C exposure elicited little effect, but at 30 degrees C there was a significant increase in both Mn-SOD enzyme activity and mRNA levels. In brain enzyme activity was maximal at 25 degrees C and surprisingly, this increased activity was accompanied by a decrease in mRNA levels. This work suggests that the activity of Mn-SOD in carp is regulated by environmental conditions through transcriptional, translational and post-translational mechanisms, the particular mechanism used being dependent upon the tissue type.
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PMID:The effect of temperature increase on the expression of manganese superoxide dismutase in tissues of common carp Cyprinus carpio. 1803 Jul 55

Recent evidences suggested that oxidative stress may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of MCs toxicity. In the present study, the acute effects of microcystins on the transcription of antioxidant enzyme genes were investigated in liver of crucian carp i.p.-injected with 50 mug MC-LReq per kg body weight (BW). We reported the cDNA sequences for four kinds of antioxidant enzyme (GSH-PX, CAT, Cu/Zn SOD, and GR) genes, and evaluated the oxidant stress induced by MCs through analyzing the transcription abundance of antioxidant enzyme genes using real-time PCR method. The time-dependent change of relative transcription abundance and expression of the antioxidant enzyme genes were determined at 1, 3, 12, 24, and 48 h. The transcription abundance varied among antioxidant enzymes, with GSH-PX and GR down-regulation, and CAT and SOD significantly upregulation. Based on these data, we tentatively concluded that the oxidant stress was induced by MCs, and caused the different response of the antioxidant enzyme genes.
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PMID:Acute effects of microcystins on the transcription of antioxidant enzyme genes in crucian carp Carassius auratus. 1821 19

The antioxidative role of cerium was investigated in the liver of silver crucian carp injected with lead. The fish were intraperitoneally injected with 10, 20, or 30 mg/kg wet weight PbCl(2). After a 14-day period of incubation, 35 animals were injected with a solution of 1.5 mg/kg wet weight CeCl(3). After 42 days, the wet weight and the liver weight of the fish were weighed, and the oxidative stress of the fish liver was estimated by assaying lipid peroxide, superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione, ascorbic acid, and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The results show that Ce(3+) could decrease ROS accumulation, relieve the inhibition of the activities of the antioxidant enzyme and the reduction of antioxidants in fish liver caused by Pb(2+), and decrease the enhancement of hepatosomatic index of fish under various Pb(2+) dosages.
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PMID:Antioxidative role of cerium against the toxicity of lead in the liver of silver crucian carp. 1913 Feb 80


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