Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P23193 (transcription elongation factor)
 739 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The cDNA sequence coding for a novel putative TFIIS (transcription elongation factor II-S), hereby named MtTFIIS-like, was isolated from barrel medic (Medicago truncatula Gaertn.) by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. The nucleotide sequence contains an open reading frame of 1074 bp, predicting a 40.0 kDa protein, conserved among plant species. The N-terminal region of the MtTFIIS-like protein includes a LW motif, characterized by highly conserved leucine (L) and tryptophan (W) residues, also found in the canonical TFIIS protein, elongin A (transcription elongation factor S-III) and CRSP70 (cofactor required for Sp1 activation), while a proline-rich region is present in the C-terminal domain. The expression profiles of the MtTFIIS-like gene were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR (QRT-PCR) in barrel medic plantlets grown in vitro under oxidative stress conditions induced by copper (CuCl(2) 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2mM) and polyethylene glycol (PEG6000 50, 100 and 150 g/L), respectively. Both stress agents caused ROS (reactive oxygen species) accumulation. Moreover, EPR spectra of leaves from plantlets exposed to toxic copper doses confirmed that the heavy metal is translocated from roots to the aerial parts, where it is found predominantly in the Cu(2+) redox state. The MtTFIIS-like gene expression was significantly enhanced (up to 2.9-fold) in aerial parts of copper-treated plants, and in roots (up to 4.4-fold) in response to PEG treatments. The expression profiles of the MtTFIIS-like gene were compared to those of the MtTFIIS gene, encoding the canonical TFIIS protein, which was similarly up-regulated in response to both stresses. Interestingly, the MtTFIIS-like and MtTFIIS genes were significantly up-regulated (up to 3.2- and 4.3-fold, respectively) during seed imbibition, a physiological process which requires active DNA repair. Based on the reported data, the possible roles played in planta by the novel MtTFIIS-like gene are discussed.
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PMID:The TFIIS and TFIIS-like genes from Medicago truncatula are involved in oxidative stress response. 2085 37

Besides 36 (28 single-tablets and 8 fixed-dose combinations) used antiretroviral drugs clinically, there are a number of investigational antiretroviral agents currently in phase 2-3 clinical trial. Tenofoviralafenamidefumarate (TAF) is a novel nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor that is potent and less toxicity than tenofovir (TDF). Doravirine is a non-nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor that demonstrates activity against NNRTI-resistant viral strains. GSK744 is an integrase inhibitor with a long acting preparation. In addition, several drugs with new mechanisms are also noted, for example, BMS-663 068 is a small molecule CD4 attachment inhibitors and cenicriviroc is a novel CCR5/CCR2 antagonist with antiretroviral activity and anti-inflammatory effects. Several drug classes that target known pathways in HIV latency have being developed, and leading the list are histone deacetylase inhibitors. Other agents include protein kinase C activators, positive transcription elongation factor activators, DNA methyl-transferase inhibitors and histone methyl-transferase inhibitors and so on. This review is focused on the above-mentioned drug candidates that may be used in clinical in next couple of years and those compounds that can reverse latent HIV infections.
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PMID:[The newest developments of the study on anti-HIV drugs]. 2623 28