Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P21817 (RyR1)
 1,154 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The ryanodine receptor type-I (RyR1) is one key player of the excitation-contraction coupling (E-CC) machinery. However, RyR1 expression in human skeletal muscle disuse and plasticity changes are not well documented. We studied the expression and the functional modifications of RyR1 following prolonged bed rest (BR) without and with exercise countermeasure (Resistive Vibration Exercise, RVE). Soleus biopsies were taken from a non-trained control (BR-CTRL) and trained (BR-RVE) group (each n = 10) before and after BR. In BR-CTRL group, a fibre type-specific immunopattern of RyR1 (type-I < type-II) was documented, and RyR1 immunofluorescence intensity and protein expression together with [(3)H]ryanodine binding were decreased after BR. In BR-RVE group, RyR1 immunosignals were increased and fiber type specificity was no longer present. RyR1 protein expression was unchanged, whereas [(3)H]ryanodine binding increased after BR. Confocal and biochemical analysis confirmed subcellular co-localisation and protein-protein interaction of RyR1 with nitric oxide (NO)-synthase type-1 (NOS1). S-nitrosylation of RyR1 was increased in BR-CTRLpost only, suggesting a reduction of RyR1 open channel probability by nitrosylation mechanisms following prolonged disuse. We conclude that following extended body deconditioning in bed rest, RVE countermeasure maintained normal RyR1 expression and nitrosylation patterns required for adequate E-CC in human performance control.
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PMID:Ryanodine receptor type-1 (RyR1) expression and protein S-nitrosylation pattern in human soleus myofibres following bed rest and exercise countermeasure. 1828 81

Activity-induced nitric oxide (NO) imbalance and "nitrosative stress" are proposed mechanisms of disrupted Ca(2+) homeostasis in atrophic skeletal muscle. We thus mapped S-nitrosylated (SNO) functional muscle proteins in healthy male subjects in a long-term bed rest study (BBR2-2 Study) without and with exercise as countermeasure in order to assess (i) the negative effects of chronic muscle disuse by nitrosative stress, (ii) to test for possible attenuation by exercise countermeasure in bed rest and (iii) to identify new NO target proteins. Muscle biopsies from calf soleus and hip vastus lateralis were harvested at start (Pre) and at end (End) from a bed rest disuse control group (CTR, n=9) and two bed rest resistive exercise groups either without (RE, n=7) or with superimposed vibration stimuli (RVE, n=7). At subcellular compartments, strong anti-SNO-Cys immunofluorescence patterns in control muscle fibers after bed rest returned to baseline following vibration exercise. Total SNO-protein levels, Nrf-2 gene expression and nucleocytoplasmic shuttling were changed to varying degrees in all groups. Excess SNO-protein levels of specific calcium release/uptake proteins (SNO-RyR1, -SERCA1 and -PMCA) and of contractile myosin heavy chains seen in biopsy samples of chronically disused skeletal muscle were largely reduced by vibration exercise. We also identified NOS1 as a novel NO target in human skeletal muscle controlled by activity driven auto-nitrosylation mechanisms. Our findings suggest that aberrant levels of functional SNO-proteins represent signatures of uncontrolled nitrosative stress management in disused human skeletal muscle that can be offset by exercise as countermeasure.
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PMID:Nitrosative stress in human skeletal muscle attenuated by exercise countermeasure after chronic disuse. 2425 Nov 20