Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P21554 (cannabinoid receptor)
 3,582 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Central nervous system (CNS) injury is classified as an independent factor, increasing patients' susceptibility to infections. The concept of infection susceptibility and impaired immune function is referred to as CNS-injury induced immunodeficiency syndrome (CIDS). The endocannabinoid system, an important homeostatic system that can modulate immune function, contributes to the consequences of an acute CNS injury. The actions of the endocannabinoid system are mediated via cannabinoid receptors, cannabinoid 1 (CB1R) and cannabinoid 2 (CB2R), the latter of which are highly expressed by immune cells and upregulated as a result of infectious and non-infectious stressors. While the role of the CB2R in CNS immunity is primarily anti-inflammatory, focusing on the inhibition of the CB2R pathways may be of benefit for therapeutic targeting of the immunosuppression in CIDS. We hypothesize that inhibition of the CB2R will result in a decrease in the immunosuppression seen in CIDS, providing the patient protection against common infections such as pneumonia and urinary tract infections. However, due to the high variability of the patients' immune status during and after an acute CNS injury, identifying the most effective therapeutic window and CB2R antagonist dosage for effective immunostimulation is pivotal.
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PMID:Inhibition of the cannabinoid 2 receptor in CNS-injury induced immunodeficiency syndrome. 2470 36

An accumulating body of evidence suggests that the endocannabinoid system plays a significant role in pathophysiological processes and impacts disease severity. Here we investigate the possible role of a cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2) functional variant in determining disease severity and the potential pharmacological therapeutic effects of CB2 activation in viral respiratory infection. The common missense variant (CAA/CGG; Q63R) of the gene-encoding CB2 receptor (CNR2) was evaluated in 90 inpatient and 90 outpatient children with acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI). The frequency distribution of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-the main cause of severe cases of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in children-was studied in all collected samples. The mechanism through which CB2 affects clinical outcomes in case of RSV infection was studied in Balb/c mice model using AM630 as a CB2 antagonist. The potential therapeutic effect of CB2 activation during RSV infection was studied using a selective agonist, JWH133. The CB2 Q63R variation was associated with increased risk of hospitalization in children with ARTI. Children carrying the QQ genotype were more prone to developing severe ARTI (OR = 3.275, 95% CI: 1.221-8.705; p = 0.019). Of all the children enrolled in the study, 83 patients (46.1%) were found positive for RSV infection. The associated risk of developing severe ARTI following RSV infection increased more than two-fold in children carrying the Q allele (OR = 2.148, 95% CI: 1.092-4.224; p = 0.026). In mice, the blockade of CB2 by AM630 during RSV infection enhanced the influx of BAL cells and production of cytokines/chemokines while exaggerating lung pathology. CB2 activation by JWH133 reduces the influx of BAL cells and production of cytokines/chemokines while alleviating lung pathology. Collectively, CB2 is associated with RSV severity during infancy and may serve as a therapeutic target in RSV infection through the alleviation of virus-associated immunopathology.
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PMID:Effects of cannabinoid receptor type 2 in respiratory syncytial virus infection in human subjects and mice. 2933 83