Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P20366 (substance P)
 21,176 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Anastomotic leakage is the main reason of high mortality in colorectal surgery. The healing of anastomosis is predominantly derived from collagen fibrils. Substance P causes the proliferation of fibroblasts and connective tissue. The effect of SP on postoperative changes of collagen concentration was measured around the anastomotic side in rats. The studies shows, that SP induces a significant decrease in collagen synthesis in colon.
Pol Merkur Lekarski 1997 Nov
PMID:[The effect of substance P on collagen concentration in rat colon]. 952 83

In the paper available information concerning the influence of treatment with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I) on cough, bronchial hyperreactivity and bronchoconstriction are reviewed. Cough occurs in 0.7% to 19% of patients treated with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors according to various reports. In the mechanism of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor-induced cough accumulation of bradykinin and substance P due to decreased degradation of this mediators caused by ACE-I may be involved. Part of tussive effect may be mediated via prostaglandins and histamine. In a few studies symptoms of airway obstruction and asthma worsening in relation to treatment with this drugs was reported. However, majority of reports suggest safety in taking ACE-I by patients with asthma. The only effective method to relieve angiotensin converting enzyme-induced cough is a drug withdrawal. The change of drugs within the whole class of ACE-I does not bring effect.
Pol Merkur Lekarski 1999 May
PMID:[Cough, bronchoconstriction and bronchial hyperreactivity in relation to treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme]. 1043 3

We have compared the reactivity to spasmogens of longitudinal muscularis mucosae isolated from the human, guinea pig and rat colon in vitro. The muscularis mucosae isolated from the human distal colon responded with a sustained contractions to carbachol (10 nM-30 microM), in a concentration-dependent manner, and the maximum contraction was comparable to that with high potassium concentration (100 mM). Among several spasmogens, neurokinin A was the most potent with the following order of potency: carbachol, prostaglandin F2alpha and acetylcholine. Histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine and bradykinin did not produce a recognizable contraction of this tissue. The muscularis mucosae isolated from the guinea pig distal colon demonstrated a concentration-dependent contraction in response to neurokinin A, carbachol, histamine and acetylcholine, but not to prostaglandin F2alpha or 5-hydroxytryptamine, and the maximum contraction was obtained with histamine. The muscularis mucosae from the rat distal colon was very sensitive to neurokinin A and bradykinin, less to carbachol and acetylcholine, and not at all sensitive to histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine and prostaglandin F2alpha. It is concluded that the colonic muscularis mucosae respond to pharmacological agents in a species-different manner.
Pol J Pharmacol
PMID:Comparison of motor reactivity of the colonic muscularis mucosae isolated from human, guinea pig and rat in vitro. 1239 58

The presence of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), neuropeptide Y (NPY), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), somatostatin (SOM), galanin (GAL), substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) was studied in neurons and nerve fibers of the porcine otic ganglion. ChAT-positive neurons were very numerous while VAChT-positive nerve cells were moderate in number. The number of neurons containing NPY and VIP was lower and those containing SOM, GAL, SP or CGRP were observed as scarce, or single nerve cells. The above mentioned substances (except SOM) were present in nerve fibers of the ganglion. ChAT- and VAChT-positive nerve fibers were numerous, while the number of nerve terminals containing NPY, VIP and SP was lower. GAL- and CGRP-positive nerve fibers were scarce.
Pol J Vet Sci 2002
PMID:Immunohistochemical study of the otic ganglion in the pig. 1251 60

The expression of neuropeptide Y (NPY), galanin (GAL), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP), somatostatin (SOM) and substance P (SP) was studied in the neurons of the inferior mesenteric ganglion (IMG) projecting to the uterine horn and uterine cervix after uterus extirpation-induced axotomy in sexually immature gilts. The expression was studied with immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization and RT-PCR. Uterus-projecting neurons were identified by retrograde tracing with Fast Blue (FB). Immunohistochemistry revealed that FB-positive (FB+) uterus-projecting neurons in control animals contained only immunoreactivities to NPY (ca. 50%) and GAL (single neurons). Uterus extirpation increased the occurrence of NPY and GAL in FB+ neurons. No other studied neuropeptides were found in axotomized uterus-projecting neurons. Hybridization in situ revealed the reduction of NPY expression and induction of GAL expression in FB+ neurons. RT-PCR detected induction of GAL expression in the IMG after uterus extirpation. The expression level of NPY and SOM was significant and was not affected by axotomy. The expression level of PACAP was very low and did not differ between IMG of control, partially and totally hysterectomized animals. No VIP and SP expression was detected in all ganglia. The presented data show clear axotomy-related changes in the expression of GAL and NPY in the uterus-projecting neurons of the porcine IMG.
Pol J Vet Sci 2003
PMID:Effect of total or partial uterus extirpation on sympathetic uterus-projecting neurons in porcine inferior mesenteric ganglion. B. Changes in expression of neuropeptide Y, galanin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, pituitary adenylate-cyclase activating peptide, somatostatin and substance P. 1281 85

Asthma represents a chronic inflammatory process of the airways. The neurothrophin (NGF) and neuropeptides such as substance P (SP), neurokinin A (NKA), and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) play important role in stimulation of airways inflammation in asthmatics. NGF stimulates the differentiation and the migration of mast cells to bronchi epithelium. Furthermore, NGF stimulates mast cell degranulation and mediator upregulation and release. It also influences activity of basophils, eosinophils, neurophils, macrophages and T-cells. In addition, its important role in releasing of hyperresponsiveness has been proved. Neuropeptides such as CGRP and SP stimulate migration and degranulation of eosinophils and influence on airway responsiveness in asthmatics. This review article discusses the neuropeptides and NGF actions and mechanisms in the pathogenesis of asthma.
Pol Merkur Lekarski 2004 Feb
PMID:[Role of neurotrophin and neuropeptides in bronchial asthma]. 1517 88

In the male pig, the bulbourethral gland (BG) is a particulary well developed accessory genital gland (AGG) which produces complex secretion contributing to the fluid component of semen. The secretory and motor function of AGGs is thought to be under the autonomic nervous system control. Although relatively much is known about the innervation of the prostate gland and, to a lesser degree, of the seminal vesicle, the paucity of data dealing with the innervation of BG is striking. Therefore, combined retrograde tracing and double-labelling immunofluorescence have been used to investigate the distribution and immunohistochemical properties of autonomic and primary afferent neurons projecting to this gland in the pig. BG-projecting neurons were found in some ipsilateral (I) and contralateral (C) sympathetic chain ganglia (SChG), the caudal mesenteric ganglion (CaMG), pelvic ganglia (PG) and some dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Immunohistochemistry revealed that the vast majority of CaMG and SChG BG-projecting neurons contained tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopaminebeta-hydroxylase (DbetaH), and some neuropeptides including neuropeptide Y (NPY), somatostatin (SOM) and galanin (GAL). Three subpopulations of PG neurons supplying BG could be distinguished: 1) cholinergic neurons [vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT)-positive] which also contained vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), SOM and NPY, 2) adrenergic neurons (TH-positive) which also stained for NPY, GAL or leu5-enkephalin (LEU), and 3) non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic neurons (NANC). DRG BG-projecting neurons contained mostly substance P (SP) and/or calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) which sometimes colocalized with GAL. The possible functional significance of the substances found within the neurons is discussed.
Pol J Vet Sci 2004
PMID:Immunohistochemical characteristics of neurons supplying the porcine bulbourethral gland. 1523 May 45

Vasomotor response of the coronary artery depends on both endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Response is altered by hypoxia-reoxygenation-induced damages. Hypoxic preconditioning and pharmacological preconditioning as well can prevent these alterations. We compared the effectiveness of both types of preconditioning against hypoxia-reoxygenation-induced changes in vasomotor response of the isolated artery. Porcine arterial rings (3-4 mm wide) were cut from the left anterior descending porcine coronary artery and placed in Krebs-Henseleit solution. In order to obtain control response of the arteries, we contracted arterial rings with 20 mM KCl before ("standard contraction") and after 60-min hypoxia and 30-min reoxygenation. In other groups, nitric oxide-synthase and cyclooxygenase were inhibited. Then, the rings were pre-contracted with U46619 and relaxed by cumulative addition of the substance P. Contractions and relaxations of non-preconditioned and hypoxically or pharmacologically preconditioned rings were compared. Hypoxic preconditioning was performed by two periods of 5-min hypoxia and 10-min reoxygenation. For pharmacological preconditioning, we used application of adenosine, adrenaline, acetylcholine and angiotensin II. Analysis was performed with one-way ANOVA, followed by Dunnett's Multiple Comparison Test. After hypoxia-reoxygenation, in non-preconditioned rings KCl-induced contractions were significantly increased compared to standard contraction. Relaxations of hypoxically and pharmacologically preconditioned rings (expressed as percentages of U46619-induced pre-contraction) were significantly decreased (p < 0.01) compared to hypoxic but not to normoxic rings. Hypoxic and pharmacological preconditioning may preserve contraction and endothelium-dependent relaxation of porcine coronary artery after long-lasting hypoxia-reoxygenation.
Pol J Pharmacol
PMID:Hypoxic and pharmacological preconditioning preserves vasomotor response of porcine coronary artery. 1566 92

The present study was aimed at disclosing the chemical coding of nerve structures in the porcine ciliary ganglion (CG) using immunohistochemical methods. The substances under investigation included markers of "classical" neurotransmitters, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DbetaH) as well as neuropeptides, somatostatin (SOM), galanin (GAL), substance P (SP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY). Immunoreactivity to ChAT and VAChT was found virtually in all the neuronal somata and in numerous intraganglionic, varicose nerve fibres which often formed basket-like formations around the nerve cell bodies. Many CG neurons contained immunoreactivity for SOM (46%) or GAL (29%). Interestingly, a small number (approx. 1%) of the cholinergic somata stained for TH but not for DbetaH; nevertheless, some extra- and intraganglionic nerve fibres displayed immunoreactivity for DbetaH or TH. The CG perikarya stained neither for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) nor for neuropeptide Y (NPY), but some NPY- or VIP-positive nerve terminals were observed within nerve bundles distributed outside the ganglion. SP- and CGRP-immunoreactivity was found in some intraganglionic nerve fibres only. The present study revealed that the porcine CG consists of cholinergic neurons many of which contain SOM and GAL. Thus, it can be assumed that in the pig, these neuropeptides are involved, complementary to acetylocholine, in the parasympathetic postganglionic nerve pathway to structures of the eye including the ciliary and iris sphincter muscles.
Pol J Vet Sci 2005
PMID:Immunohistochemical characterization of neurons in the porcine ciliary ganglion. 1579 76

Epidemiological studies confirm frequent appearance of pain symptoms in depressive patients and a marked prevalence of depression in pain conditions. These observations seem to point at a close intertwining between mood regulation and pain perception. In the pathogenesis of both depression and pain symptoms, an important role has been attributed to disturbances of serotonergic and noradrenergic neurotransmission as well as to neuropeptides such as opioids and substance P. In mood regulation as well as in the perception and emotional dimension of pain stimuli, such brain structures as the amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex and prefrontal cortex are of main significance. The action of antidepressant drugs results in a normalization of the activity of those neurotransmitter systems and brain structures. It was found that dual action antidepressants (i.e. influencing both serotonergic and noradrenergic system) such as tricyclic antidepressants and new generation drugs (venlafaxine, milnacipram, duloxetine, mirtazapine) exert a stronger antidepressant effect and possess a broader therapeutic spectrum, including also an effect on pain symptoms. These drugs have been also increasingly used for the treatment of pain symptoms in somatic illnesses (e.g. diabetic neuropathy, fibromyalgia).
Psychiatr Pol
PMID:[Depression and pain: novel clinical, neurobiological and psychopharmacological data]. 1635 93


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