Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P20366 (substance P)
 21,176 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The occurrence of substance P (SP)-like immunoreactivity was studied in dental pulps of the cat. In untreated animals SP-positive fibres were found in all areas of the pulp. Most fibres were seen in central parts of the pulp but they were also observed in relation to the odontoblasts. Single, possibly unmyelinated, or fine caliber fibres or small bundles of them were seen running close to large non-fluorescent myelinated nerves, to blood vessels or without any obvious association with either of these structures. Fourteen days after transection of the inferior alveolar nerve no SP-positive fibres were observed in pulps on the denervated side. Transection of the cervical sympathetic ganglion did not change the occurrence of SP-positive fibres. The results indicate the existence of at least two types of afferent fibres in the dental pulp of the cat. Since the tooth pulp has been demonstrated to give rise only to pain sensation when stimulated, the results give morphological support for a role of SP neurones in pain transmission.
Pain 1977 Dec
PMID:Localization of substance P-like immunoreactivity in nerves in the tooth pulp. 2 11

Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) is a mixture of quaternary benzyldimethylalkylammonium chlorides which was found to inhibit histamine release induced by polyamines (48/80, ATP, bradykinin, curare, guanethidine, polylysine, polymyxin B, poly-THIQ, protamine, stilbamidine or substance P), but not that caused by antigens, concanavalin A, dextran, lonophores (A23187 or X-537A), enzymes (chymotrypsin or phospholipase C), monoamines (dextromethorphan, meperidine or chlorpromazine) or detergents (decylamine, Triton X-100 or a fire ant venom alkylpiperidine). Inhibition by 1.5 and 3 microgram of BAC per ml caused parallel shifts of the 48/80 dose-response curves to the right with no loss of efficacy, indicating that the antagonism was surmountable. Phospholipase C was partially inhibited by BAC, but Triton X-100 also inhibited phospholipase C (but not 48/80), indicating that the inhibition of phospholipase C by BAC was probably a nonspecific, detergent effect. BAC caused histamine release by itself at concentrations over 5 microgram/ml. Heat inactivation (50 degrees C for 15 min) of the mast cells did not prevent this release, suggesting a lytic mechanism for this action. Structure-activity relations studies on various members of the BAC family for their ability to inhibit 48/80-induced histamine release indicated that benzyldimethyltridecylammonium chloride was the most potent.
J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1979 Dec
PMID:Benzalkonium chloride: selective inhibitor of histamine release induced by compound 48/80 and other polyamines. 9 63

The purpose of the present study was to characterize the nature of the behavioural response to substance P (SP) infusion into the substantia nigra and to evaluate this response in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) caudate lesioned rats. The effects of SP infusions (3 microgram in 1 microliter bilaterally) were assessed in an open field. Two groups of rats were used: one with 6-OHDA lesions in the caudate nucleus, and one with sham lesions. In sham rats, the first infusion produced a strong increase in sterotyped rearing and sniffing, with no concurrent enhancement of locomotion. With three subsequent infusions (made at interval of two days) the rearing response disappeared and a tendency to groom emerged. All SP-induced behavioural stimulation was blocked in the caudate-lesioned rats; an effect of the lesion itself was reduced rearing. These results suggest that the response to SP infusion is mediated through the nigro-striatal dopamine system. The behavioural profiles which emerge after SP infusion into the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area are compared. In general, the behavioural studies of SP effects support the concept that the A9 and A10 dopamine systems can be behaviourally differentiated.
Eur J Pharmacol 1979 Dec 07
PMID:Substance P infusion into substantia nigra of the rat: behavioural analysis and involvement of striatal dopamine. 9 50

1. Rapid change of bath temperature from 37 degrees C to 27 degrees C and vice versa caused longitudinal contraction of the isolated guinea-pig ileum. 2. Tetrodotoxin, tropicamide, noradrenaline, isoprenaline, morphine, and the met-enkephalin analogue FK 33-824 depressed the responses or accelerated the fade of the contraction induced by rapid cooling when added after the response had reached its maximum. 3. Hexamethonium had no influence on the responses. 4. Physostigmine potentiated all responses and reversed the fade of contraction induced by rapid cooling when added after this contraction had reached its maximum. 5. The effects of rapid cooling or warming were not altered in preparations made tachyphylactic to substance P; the response to rapid warming, but not cooling, was partially inhibited under tachyphylaxis to 5-hydroxytryptamine. 6. Antazoline, phentolamine, naloxone, and indomethacin did not block the responses. 7. Capsaicin firt potentiated and subsequently depressed the responses to both rapid cooling and warming. 8. The results indicate that rapid change of bath temperature induces longitudinal contraction by excitation of postganglionic cholinergic fibres.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 1979 Dec
PMID:Longitudinal contraction of isolated guinea-pig ileum induced by rapid cooling. 9 5

Push-pull cannuale were implanted into the substantia nigra (SN) and the caudate nucleus (CN) of the cat to study the in vivo release of substance P (SP), using a radioimmunoassay and high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The spontaneous release of SP could be detected in the SN and the CN. Potassium (50 mM) locally applied stimulated SP release in both structures. Furthermore an important evoked release of SP was observed in the SN during depolarization of striato-nigral SP fibers with potassium (50 mM) applied in the CN.
Neurosci Lett 1979 Dec
PMID:In vivo release of substance P in the cat substantia nigra. 9 29

Intrastriatal injections of kainic acid in rat brain, which destroyed striatal nerve cell bodies and their axons projecting to the substantia nigra (s. nigra) decreased the rate of breakdown of exogenuously added substance P by washed slice preparations of s. nigra. Injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the s. nigra, which destroys the dopamine nerve cell bodies in this region, did not significantly affect the rate of degradation of substance P by nigral slices. Part of the peptidase activity responsible for breakdown of substance P in the s. nigra may thus be located on the terminals of striatal afferents to the s. nigra.
Neurosci Lett 1979 Dec
PMID:Presynaptic localization of substance P degradative enzymes(s) in rat substantia nigra. 9 30

1. Dispersed rat parotid acinar cells were used to study the effects of secretagogues on 22Na uptake. 2. Carbachol stimulated 22Na uptake, and caused a net gain in total Na and a loss in total K. These effects were accentuated in the presence of 10(-3) M-ouabain. 3. Substance P, epinephrine and phenylephrine also stimulated 22Na uptake while isoproterenol and angiotensin II did not. 4. The 22Na uptake due to carbachol was inhibited by atropine, procaine or CoCl2; the response to Substance P was inhibited by CoCl2 only. 5. Extracellular Ca was required for stimulation of 22Na uptake by carbachol. Strontium but not Ba could substitute for Ca in supporting 22Na uptake. 6. Uptake of 22Na was stimulated by the divalent cationophore, A-23187, and Ca was required for this effect. 7. It is concluded that activation of Ca influx by muscarinic, alpha-adrenergic or peptide agonists triggers, among other effects, an increased membrane permeability to Na.
J Physiol 1979 Dec
PMID:Calcium and receptor regulation of radiosodium uptake by dispersed rat parotid acinar cells. 9 91

The isolated, hemisected spinal cord of the frog has been used to examine the action of peptides on frogs motoneurons. Both sucrose gap recording from the ventral roots and intracellular microelectrode recording were used. Substance P (SP), thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), neurotensin and bombesin all had a depolarizing action. The responses to neurotensin and bombesin were blocked by tetrodotoxin suggesting that their action was indirectly mediated through interneurons. SP and TRH had a direct depolarizing action on motoneurons. SP was slightly more active and TRH slightly less active than glutamate. The responses to both peptides had a slower time course than the responses to glutamate. The maximum depolarizations produced by the peptides rarely surpassed the firing threshold of the motoneurons. However, their excitability was increased, since subthreshold synaptic potentials and responses to current injection surpassed threshold during the peptide responses. In approximately half of the cells tested, a small decrease in membrane resistance could be detected during the peptide responses. These results suggest that if SP and TRH were released from synapses impinging on frog motoneurons they would exert a background excitatory action.
J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1978 Dec
PMID:The action of thyrotropin-releasing hormone, substance P and related peptides on frog spinal motoneurons. 10 26

A large-scale purification of monkey brain arylamidase was carried out. Amino acid analyses indicate that the enzyme is rich in acidic amino acids and is poor in cystine. The amino terminal residue was determined to be alanine by dansylation. The enzyme was activated by sulfhydryl compounds. Dithiothreitol was more effective than beta-mercaptoethanol. Bestatin competitively inhibited the enzyme activity and the Ki value was calculated to be 2.5 x 10(-7) M, which was of the same order as that of puromycin. The inhibitions by puromycin and bestatin were reversible. The enzyme hydrolyzed di-, tri-, and oligopeptides including physiologically active peptides. Of physiologically active peptides, enkephalins and Met-Lys-bradykinin, which possess a neutral amino acid at the N-terminal position, were more rapidly hydrolyzed by the enzyme. Peptides such as LH-RH and TRH, which possess a pyrrolidonecarboxylyl group at the N-terminal position, and substance P and bradykinin, which possess a proline residue adjacent to the N-terminal residue, were not hydrolyzed by the enzyme. The Km values for various peptides indicate that the enzyme has higher affinity for oligopeptides than di- and tripeptides. The aminopeptidase activity of the enzyme was also competitively inhibited by puromycin and bestatin. Analyses of the hydrolysis products of various peptides by the dansylation method indicate that the enzyme has both kinin-converting activity and angiotensinase activity.
J Biochem 1978 Dec
PMID:Monkey brain arylamidase. II. Further characterization and studies on mode of hydrolysis of physiologically active peptides. 10 79

A dramatic reduction in the total number of dense vesicles in Auerbach's plexus of the mouse colon was observed during the acute phase of experimental American Trypanosomiasis (Chagas' disease). A significant decrease in substance P activity of the colon of inoculated animals was also measured. It is suggested that this decrease in substance P activity could be related to the reduction in the number of dense vesicles in Auerbach's plexus.
Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histol 1977 Dec 08
PMID:Studies on the vesicular component of the Auerbach's plexus and the substance P content of the mouse colon in the acute phase of the experimental Trypanosoma cruzi infection. 14 26


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>