Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P20366 (substance P)
 21,176 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

1. Circumoesophageal ganglia and foot muscle of the garden snail, Helix aspersa, were subjected to immunocytochemistry using antisera to the tachykinins, substance P (SP), neurokinin A (NKA), kassinin (KAS) and eledoisin (ELE). 2. Immunoreactivity in neuronal somata and fibres was detected only with the SP antiserum. 3. SP and NKA radioimmunoassays were performed on extracts of circumoesophageal ganglia. In common with immunocytochemistry, immunoreactivity was only detected with the SP antiserum. 4. Gel permeation chromatography of extracts resolved a single peak of immunoreactivity eluting slightly later than synthetic mammalian SP. Reverse-phase HPLC of immunoreactive fractions resolved two immunoreactive peptides representing oxidised and reduced forms of a single peptide. 5. These data suggest that the nervous system of H. aspersa contains a single tachykinin with C-terminal structural characteristics similar to mammalian SP.
Comp Biochem Physiol C Comp Pharmacol Toxicol 1992 Sep
PMID:Immunochemical characterisation of tachykinin immunoreactivity in the nervous system of the garden snail, Helix aspersa. 128 May 45

In order to investigate the toxic effects of long-term treatment with anthraquinone laxatives, rats were fed either chocolate alone, or chocolate adulterated with senna or danthron (1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone) for 5 months. Mesenteric blood vessels and the outer muscle layers of the caecum, together with the myenteric plexus, were examined using ultrastructural, histochemical, immunohistochemical and immunoassay techniques. There was no ultrastructural evidence of degeneration in either the mesenteric vessels or the caecum. In the mesenteric vessels, levels of neuropeptide Y were significantly reduced in the danthron-fed rats, but levels of substance P (SP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) were unaffected by all treatments. In the caecum, VIP-, SP- and CGRP-immunoreactivity and catecholamine-fluorescence were unchanged by the laxative treatments.
J Pharm Pharmacol 1992 Sep
PMID:Effects of long-term laxative treatment on neuropeptides in rat mesenteric vessels and caecum. 128 Jun 81

Slices of human iris or ciliary body, obtained post-mortem (8-12 h after death, n = 5), were superfused in vitro with capsaicin (10 microM) and the immunoreactivity for substance P (SP-LI) or calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP-LI) was measured in the effluent. In the iris and in the ciliary body CGRP-LI was 3.71 +/- 0.74 pmol/g and 3.01 +/- 0.55 pmol/g and SP-LI was 6.68 +/- 0.75 pmol/g and 6.55 +/- 0.84 pmol/g, respectively. A first exposure to capsaicin increased the CGRP-LI outflow from the ciliary body (427 +/- 46 fmol/g/30 min), whereas a second challenge with the drug 30 min later, failed to significantly enhance the CGRP-LI outflow (21.8 +/- 15.6 fmol/g/30 min). Likewise, the capsaicin-evoked increase in CGRP-LI outflow from the iris slices (472 +/- 62 fmol/g/30 min) was no longer observed at the second drug administration (38.4 +/- 12.8 fmol/g/30 min). Capsaicin failed to increase the SP-LI outflow from either the iris or the ciliary body. Reverse phase HPLC analysis of CGRP-LI indicated that authentic CGRP was contained in the tissue and in the superfusate collected during exposure to capsaicin. The present results show that in the human iris and ciliary body, capsaicin releases CGRP possibly contained in terminals of sensory nerves.
Regul Pept 1992 Sep 03
PMID:Capsaicin releases calcitonin gene-related peptide from the human iris and ciliary body in vitro. 128 Aug 43

Mercury deposition and its relationship to the inner ear function in methylmercury-poisoned rats were examined. Rats were poisoned with methylmercury chloride. After the appearance of signs of poisoning, the cerebellar and inner ear tissues were examined histochemically using an autoradiographic procedure. Mercury deposits were typically found in the cerebellum and appeared in parts of the vestibular nerves, cochlear nerves, spiral ganglion and stria vascularis. In the vestibule, a slight mercury deposition was observed in the acoustic maculae and in the cochlea; only one instance of mercury deposit in the organ of Corti was detected. The effect of mercury on the inner ear function was also assessed on the basis of immunohistochemical localization of substance P which is believed to be a neurotransmitter in the inner ear. However, no pathological changes were detected. These findings suggest that methylmercury deposition has little effect on the inner ear function.
Acta Otolaryngol 1992 Sep
PMID:Mercury deposition and its relationship to inner ear function in methylmercury-poisoned rats. A histological and immunohistochemical study. 128 Aug 99

Injections of the B-subunit of cholera toxin (CTB) were made into the sciatic nerve of the rat. Following a survival of 2-3 days, the fluorescent antibody technique was used to show that CTB can be utilized as a highly sensitive immunocytochemically detectable transganglionic tracer for primary afferent fibers in the spinal cord. CTB-labeled fibers as well as fibers containing calcitonin gene-related peptide- (CGRP-) or substance P-like immunoreactivity were visualized simultaneously by using different fluorochromes. However, no double labeled fibers were found.
Neurosci Lett 1992 Sep 28
PMID:Demonstration of transganglionically transported choleragenoid in rat spinal cord by immunofluorescence cytochemistry. 128 Dec 98

A peroxidase anti-peroxidase method or an avidin-biotinylated complex method was used to visualize neural elements immunostained for several neuropeptides in the chicken pancreas. Pancreatic ganglion cells were only immunoreactive with vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), galanin and substance P (SP) antisera. VIP-immunoreactive (IR) ganglion cells were the most numerous, and most of them also showed the distinct immunoreaction with galanin. VIP- and galanin-IR nerve fibers were observed in the exocrine portion, the adventitia of the artery and the connective tissue of the ductal wall. The number and distribution of the VIP- and galanin-IR nerve fibers around the artery and duct were similar. SP-IR nerve fibers were found mainly close to the blood vessel. SP- and CGRP-IR nerve fibers were detected in the VIP-IR ganglion and extrapancreatic nerve bundle. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)- and aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC)-IR nerve fibers were observed as nerve bundles in the interlobular space or extrapancreatic nerves. Consequently, VIP and galanin coexist in the intrinsic neural elements. SP is partially located in the intrinsic neural elements, but most of it seems likely to originate from the extrinsic ganglion. It is probable that calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP)-, TH- and AADC-IR nerve fibers have an extrinsic origin.
J Auton Nerv Syst 1992 Sep
PMID:Immunohistochemical studies on the intrinsic pancreatic nerves in the chicken. 128 86

Substance P (SP) is present in large quantities in the brainstem and hypophysiotropic areas of the brain, but its roles in gonadotropin and prolactin secretion are controversial. The aim of this study was to measure luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and prolactin (PRL) release from the pituitary after either intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection or infusion of SP or its C- and N-terminal fragments in intact (INT) and ovariectomized (OVX) conscious rabbits. A single injection of SP into the 3rd cerebral ventricle (3CVT) in INT and OVX rabbits augmented plasma LH concentrations, especially when SP was applied during the initial phase of an LH peak. Injection of SP during the declining phase of LH release was not effective. Injection of SP into the 3CVT was followed by increased plasma PRL concentrations in OVX but not in INT rabbits. Both SP 1-11 and SP 1-7 failed to alter LH, FSH, and PRL secretion when the peptides were slowly infused into the 3CVT, although ICV infusion of SP 6-11 did cause a delayed increase in LH release. The results support a stimulatory role of SP on LH and prolactin release. The results further indicate that although the stimulatory effect of SP on LH is ovarian steroid-independent, in the absence of ovarian steroids, SP is stimulatory only during the rising phase of an LH pulse. A dual role of SP-ergic transmission in modulating LH secretion is discussed.
J Physiol Pharmacol 1992 Sep
PMID:Modulatory role of substance P on gonadotropin and prolactin secretion in the rabbit. 128 36

The substance P was shown to be able to increase the level of histamine-induced stomach secretion and the debit of free hydrochloric acid in dogs. This peptide increases the volume velocity of the choleresis and the content of bile acids and protein in the bile. The substance P alters the range of the bile acids as well.
Fiziol Zh SSSR Im I M Sechenova 1992 Sep
PMID:[The effect of substance P on histamine-stimulated gastric juice release and bile formation]. 128 43

The serpin-enzyme complex (SEC) receptor mediates catabolism of alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-AT)-elastase complexes and increases in synthesis of alpha 1-AT in cell culture. The SEC receptor recognizes a pentapeptide domain on alpha 1-AT-elastase complexes (alpha 1-AT 370-374), and the same domain in several other serpins, amyloid-beta peptide, substance P, and other tachykinins. Thus, it has also been implicated in the biological properties of these ligands, including the neurotoxic effect of amyloid-beta peptide. In this study, we examined the possibility that the SEC receptor mediates the previously described neutrophil chemotactic activity of alpha 1-AT-elastase complexes, and whether the other ligands for the SEC receptor have neutrophil chemotactic activity. The results show that 125I-peptide 105Y (based on alpha 1-AT 359-374) binds specifically and saturably to human neutrophils, and the characteristics of this binding are almost identical to that of monocytes and hepatoma-derived hepatocytes. Peptide 105Y and amyloid-beta peptide mediate chemotaxis for neutrophils with maximal stimulation at 1-10 nM. Mutant or deleted forms of peptide 105Y, which do not bind to the SEC receptor, have no effect. The neutrophil chemotactic effect of alpha 1-AT-elastase complexes is blocked by antiserum to peptide 105Y and by antiserum to the SEC receptor, but not by control antiserum. Preincubation of neutrophils with peptide 105Y or substance P completely blocks the chemotactic activity of amyloid-beta peptide, but not that of FMLP. These results, therefore, indicate that the SEC receptor can be modulated by homologous desensitization and raise the possibility that pharmacological manipulation of this receptor will modify the local tissue response to inflammation/injury and the neuropathologic reaction of Alzheimer's disease.
J Clin Invest 1992 Sep
PMID:The serpin-enzyme complex (SEC) receptor mediates the neutrophil chemotactic effect of alpha-1 antitrypsin-elastase complexes and amyloid-beta peptide. 132 93

Experiments were designed to characterize receptor(s) that mediate nonadrenergic, noncholinergic contractions of the guinea pig hilar bronchus using selective neurokinin (NK)1 (CP 96,345) and NK2 (R396 and MEN 10,376) tachykinin receptor antagonists. Left and right hilar bronchi were studied as pairs in the presence of atropine, propranolol, phentolamine; indomethacin and thiorphan. (2S, 3S)-cis-2-(diphenylmethyl)-N-(2-methoxyphe nyl)-1-azabicyclo[2,2,2]octan-3-amine (CP 96,345) selectively antagonized contractions of the bronchus to the NK1 agonist Ac-[Arg6,Sar9,Met(O2)11]-SP(6-11) with a -log molar KB value of about 8.0. Similarly, Ac-Leu-Asp-Gln-Trp-Phe-Gly-NH2 (R396) and [Tyr5, D-Trp6,8,9, Lys10]-NKA(4-10) (MEN 10,376) selectively antagonized contractions to the NK2 agonist [beta Ala8]-NKA(4-10) with -log molar KB values of about 5.5 and 6.7, respectively. CP 96,345 (3 x 10(-7) M) had no effect on contractions evoked by transmural electrical stimulation (TES). However, both R396 (1 x 10(-5) to 1 x 10(-4) M) and MEN 10,376 (1 x 10(-6) to 1 x 10(-5) M) caused blockade of responses to TES. CP 96,345 (3 x 10(-7) M) antagonized TES-induced contractions only when studied after substantial blockade by R396 or MEN 10,376. Contractions to TES were not abolished by R396, MEN 10,376 or a combination of these antagonists with CP 96,345. R396 (1 x 10(-6) M) increased the maximum contraction to TES and potentiated the frequency-response curve in bronchi treated with MEN 10,376 (1 x 10(-6) M).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1992 Sep
PMID:Nonadrenergic, noncholinergic contractile responses of the guinea pig hilar bronchus involve the preferential activation of tachykinin neurokinin2 receptors. 132 30


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