Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P20366 (substance P)
 21,176 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Substance P is an undecapeptide that is distributed in many areas of the central nervous system. In order to clearly identify the structures and organelles containing substance P, an immunohistochemical localization of this peptide was performed at the ultrastructural level. Substance P was detected in dense core vesicles of many nerve endings in both the amygdaloid nucleus and the substantia gelatinosa of the spinal cord. These findings support the hypothesis that substance P could act as a neurotransmitter.
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PMID:Electron microscope immunohistochemical localization of substance P in the central nervous system of the rat. 92 43

Crude mitochondrial P2 fractions from bovine hypothalamus and substantia nigra, slices from rabbit spinal cord and mesencephalon and glial fractions from rabbit brain were incubated with [3H]-substance P and the uptake was measured and compared with those for 5-HT and GABA. Substance P was to some extent taken up into the fractions but this uptake was neither temperature nor time dependent and the pellet/medium ratios were less than 1. Similar results were obtained in high potassium treated slices from rabbit mesencephalon. The rate of uptake for [3H]-substance P increased linearly in proportion to the medium concentration, suggesting a non-saturable binding. These results, together with our previous observations provide strong evidence that nerve terminals and glial cells lack a temperature sensitive, active uptake system capable of terminating transmitter action of substance P at the synapse.
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PMID:Further observation on the lack of active uptake system for substance P in the central nervous system. 92 60

Substance P (Arg-Pro-Lys-Pro-Gln-Gln-Phe-Phe-Gly-Leu-Met-NH2) and the C-terminal partial sequences down to the tripeptide were synthesized by a solid-phase method. These peptides were assayed for vasodilator, spasmogenic, and venoconstrictor properties using three preparations, viz. the hind limb blood flow of the dog, isolated guinea pig ileum, and the isolated rabbit ear vein. The tripeptide and tetrapeptide possessed weak vasodilator properties only but no activity was detected on the other less sensitive preparations. The pentapeptide produced appreciable spasmogenic and vasoactive effects. Sequences of six or more C-terminal amino acids were able to elicity activity at comparable doses to that of the parent endecapeptide; however, the activity did not increase regularly with the chain length. In each assay preparation the octapeptide was the most potent peptide. It was twice as potent as substance P on a molar basis in the guinea pig ileum but the enhancement of activity beyond that of substance P was less pronounced in the vascular preparations.
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PMID:Biological activity of C-terminal partial sequences of substance P. 95 Jun 60

Using a sensitive radioimmunoassay we have studied the regional distribution of substance P. The level of substance P is higher in the mesencephalon, hypothalamus and preoptic area than in other regions of the brain. Substance P is found in especially high concentrations in the reticular part of the substantia nigra and the interpeduncular nucleus. It is present in large amounts in several septal, preoptic and hypothalamic nuclei as well.
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PMID:Regional distribution of substance P in the brain of the rat. 97 76

Sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay for substance P was developed using synthetic substance P and 125I-Nalpha-tyrosyl-substance P. Substance P-human alpha-globulin conjugate was used for production of anti-substance P antisera in rabbits. Synthetic substance P was used as a standard and the dextran-coated charcoal method was employed to separate the free peptide from that bound to antibodies. No cross-reactions by physalaemin and eledoisin observed in this system proved its high specificity to substance P. Nalpha-Tyrosyl-substance P and [Tyr1]-substance P showed the displacement curves indistinguishable from that of the standard substance P. Neither substance P5-11 nor substance P6-11 competed with the tracer at the concentration used. The minimum measurable dose of substance P by the assay system was 2.5-5 pg/incubate. Utilizing the system, human plasma samples from 42 healthy volunteers of both sexes were shown to contain immunoreactive substance P in amounts that averaged 298 pg/ml in male and 251 pg/ml in female. Substance P-like immunoreactivity was also demonstrated in hot-water extracts of porcine duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, middle colon, rectum, pancreas, stomach and pituitary. The highest concentration (379 ng/g wet weight of organ) was found in the pituitary, and the ileum (7.9 ng/g wet weight of organ) and jejunum (1.9 ng/g wet weight of organ) were rich in the contents.
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PMID:Substance P radioimmunoassay using Nalpha-tyrosyl-substance P and demonstration of the presence of substance P-like immunoreactivities in human blood and porcine tissue extracts. 102 20

In mammalian intestine immunoreactive Substance P is localized not only in the plexuses of Auerbach and Meissner, as could be anticipated, but also in a number of basally situated, often basigranular, endocrine cells which have been identified tentatively as enterochromaffin. The presence of a neurohormone in cells of this type confirms their close association with the nervous system, noted by Masson (1924), and suggests that their postulated origin from the nervous system (Danisch, 1924) may well be correct.
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PMID:Immunocytochemical localization of substance P in mammalian intestine. 109 30

Substance P immunoreactivity has been demonstrated in the mouse gut in two distinctly different locations; in the myenteric plexus of the proximal colon as well as in endocrine-like cells of the duodenal and colonic mucosa.
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PMID:Localization of substance P-like immunoreactivity in mouse gut. 109 31

Using the electromagnetic flowmeter technique, the blood flow in the aorta, carotid, hepatic, superior mesenteric, renal and femoral arteries and portal vein was recorded during continuous i.v. infusion of synthetic Substance P (SP) in 8 dogs. Systemic and portal blood pressures were recorded. A significant decrease in mean arterial blood pressure was recorded at infusion of SP in the femoral vein at a rate of 2.5 ng x min-1 x kg b.w.-1 or higher. Portal venous blood pressure increased. A rapid increase in the carotid, hepatic, mesenteric and portal blood flow was obtained at infusion rates of 1.2 ng x min-1 x kg b.w.-1 or higher. The femoral artery responded with a late, transient increase in flow, with a return to the base level while the infusion was still in progress. The renal artery 0lood flow decreased slightly at low infusion rates and increased at higher. At SP infusions in the portal vein the infusion rate had to be increased to 20 ng x min-1 x kg b.w.-1 or higher before any general vascular reactions lere recorded, indicating that the liver has a high capacity for inactivating SP.
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PMID:Effect of substance P on various vascular beds in the dog. 114 75

Extracellular recordings were made from neurones in the mesencephalic reticular formation and substantianigra of the rat which was anaesthetized with urethane 1.5-2 g/kg i.p. Out of 44 cells tested 42 were excited by Substance P applied iontophoretically and in some cases this excitation was rapid. Evidence is presented for Substance P as a putative excitatory transmitter onto reticular and nigral neurones possibly released from primary sensory afferents.
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PMID:The action of substance P on mesencephalic reticular and substantia nigral neurones of the rat. 126 16

Substance P (SP) binding protein of rat brain was solubilized by digitonin. The solubilized proteins were then purified by sequential gel filtration, concanavalin A lectin Sepharose, and SP-affinity chromatography. The calculated molecular weight of this purified SP binding protein was 76-74 kDa on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The rabbits were immunized with the purified protein and resulting polyclonal anti-sera were tested. The immune serum significantly inhibited [3H]SP binding to the 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propane sulfonate solubilized membrane fractions from rat brain, whereas pre-bleed antiserum failed to inhibit the binding. This polyclonal antibody also inhibited the activity of 45Ca influx into astroglioma cells stimulated by SP, but does not inhibit that stimulated by histamine. Furthermore, this polyclonal antibody recognized the 76-74 kDa band as assessed by Western blotting. These data strongly suggest that this polyclonal antibody could recognize a part of the natural SP receptor site.
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PMID:Isolation of substance P binding protein from rat brain. 127 54


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