Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P20366 (substance P)
 21,176 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The family of mammalian tachykinin receptors consists of substance P receptor (SPR), neuromedin K receptor (NKR) and substance K receptor (SKR). In this investigation, tissue and regional distributions of the mRNAs for the three rat tachykinin receptors were investigated by blot-hybridization and RNase-protection analyses using the previously cloned receptor cDNAs. SPR mRNA is widely distributed in both the nervous system and peripheral tissues and is expressed abundantly in the hypothalamus and olfactory bulb, as well as in the urinary bladder, salivary glands and small and large intestines. In contrast, NKR mRNA is predominantly expressed in the nervous system, particularly in the cortex, hypothalamus and cerebellum, whereas SKR mRNA expression is restricted to the peripheral tissues, being abundant in the urinary bladder, large intestine, stomach and adrenal gland. Thus, the mRNAs for the three tachykinin receptors show distinct patterns of expression between the nervous system and peripheral tissues. Blot-hybridization analysis in combination with S1 nuclease protection and primer-extension analyses revealed that there are two large forms of SKR mRNA expressed commonly in the peripheral tissues, and two additional small forms of the mRNA expressed specifically in the adrenal gland and eye. These analyses also showed that the multiple forms of SKR mRNA differ in the lengths of the 5' mRNA portions, and that the two small forms of the mRNA, if translated, encode a truncated SKR polypeptide lacking the first two transmembrane domains. This investigation thus provides the comprehensive analysis of the distribution and mode of expression of the mRNAs for the multiple peptide receptors and offers a new basis on which to interpret the diverse functions of multiple tachykinin peptides in the CNS and peripheral tissues.
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PMID:Tissue distribution and quantitation of the mRNAs for three rat tachykinin receptors. 170 Nov 45

The major neuronal populations of the primate cerebral cortex can be classified immunocytochemically according to their transmitters and in terms of the differential expression of certain other molecules such as neuropeptides, calcium-binding proteins and protein kinases. We have been able to chart the time course of developmental expression of these molecules and to show that gene expression for many of them is regulated in adult and infant animals by afferent activity entering the cortex. In the visual cortex of adult monkeys, levels of immunocytochemically detectable gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), of its synthesizing enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and of the tachykinins are greatly reduced in deprived ocular dominance columns within 24 h of blocking impulse activity in the optic nerve by intraocular injection of tetrodotoxin (TTX). Conversely, levels of immunocytochemically detectable calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CAMII kinase) are increased in deprived eye dominance columns. These effects are quickly reversible on restoration of binocular vision, and experiments involving in situ hybridization and S1 nuclease protection assays show that the changes are associated with parallel changes in mRNA levels for preprotachykinin and CAM II kinase, but not for GAD, which appears to be regulated by post-transcriptional mechanisms. Experiments in the primate somatic sensory cortex suggest comparable activity-dependent effects on gene expression there also. It is proposed that effects of this type underlie the establishment of cortical maps during development and their activity-dependent mutability in adulthood.
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PMID:The role of afferent activity in the maintenance of primate neocorticalfunction. 217 67

Synthetic oligonucleotides were used to screen a rat striatal cDNA library for sequences corresponding to the tachykinin peptides substance P and neurokinin A. The cDNA library was constructed from RNA isolated from the rostral portion of the rat corpus striatum, the site of striatonigral cell bodies. Two types of cDNAs were isolated and defined by restriction enzyme analysis and DNA sequencing to encode both substance P and neurokinin A. The two predicted preprotachykinin protein precursors (130 and 115 amino acids in length) differ from each other by a pentadecapeptide sequence between the two tachykinin sequences, and both precursors possess appropriate processing signals for substance P and neurokinin A production. The presence of a third preprotachykinin mRNA of minor abundance in rat striatum was established by S1 nuclease protection experiments. This mRNA encodes a preprotachykinin of 112 amino acids containing substance P but not neurokinin A. These three mRNAs are derived from one rat gene as a result of differential RNA processing; thus, this RNA processing pattern further increases the diversity of products that can be generated from the preprotachykinin gene.
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PMID:Three rat preprotachykinin mRNAs encode the neuropeptides substance P and neurokinin A. 243 92