Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P20366 (substance P)
 21,176 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The neuropeptide substance P (SP) is known to increase cell-mediated immune responses in animal models and healthy subjects. Several studies have suggested an involvement of neuropeptides in the immunopathogenesis of some diseases. The study of the immunomodulatory effects of neuropeptides, namely SP, may represent a model for the analysis of immunoregulatory defects in HIV infection at the level of the interaction between the immune and nervous systems, both of which are known to be affected by the virus. In the present study, we investigate the possibility of a disturbance in the immunomodulatory properties of SP in HIV infection by analysing the effects of SP (10(-10)-10(-6) M) on the lymphocyte proliferative responses to concanavalin A (Con A) and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) assessed by 3H-thymidine incorporation in peripheral blood lymphocytes from 34 HIV-infected patients (16 asymptomatic (ASY)/persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL); 18 ARC/AIDS) and in 37 healthy subjects. In ASY/PGL HIV-infected patients, SP 10(-7) M was identified as the concentration inducing the maximal increase in the lymphocyte responses to Con A and PHA, similarly to what was observed in healthy subjects. In ARC/AIDS patients, SP appeared to inhibit the mitogenic responses, particularly those induced by Con A, in contrast to the effects found either in healthy subjects or in ASY/PGL patients. These results suggest the existence of an alteration in the in vitro immunomodulatory properties of SP in ARC/AIDS patients compared with healthy subjects and ASY/PGL patients. In conclusion, the unexpected finding of an inhibitory effect of SP on lymphocyte proliferation from ARC/AIDS patients justifies further investigation of the neuropeptide-dependent immunoregulatory systems in HIV infection.
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PMID:Disturbed immunoregulatory properties of the neuropeptide substance P on lymphocyte proliferation in HIV infection. 751 68

A case of a parotid mass in a 2-year-old boy, postoperatively diagnosed as neuroblastoma, a rare tumour not previously reported in the parotid gland is presented. The neoplasm developed within the parotid gland as a painless mass without regional lymphadenopathy. Histopathologically, the tumour showed primitive nerve cells-neuroblasts-with round or oval dark basophilic nuclei and scanty cytoplasm. The cells were arranged in circular rosettes around an eosinophilic mass consisting of very fine filaments originating in the tumour cells or papillary configuration and sometimes scattered in the poorly developed stroma. Immunohistochemical evaluation of the tumour showed a positive immunoreactivity for vimentin, alpha and beta subunits of S-100 protein, neurone-specific enolase (NSE), substance P, met-enkephalin and chromogranin but cytokeratins, desmin, actin, myosin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) were negative. The histopathological and immunohistochemical findings conclude a diagnosis of neuroblastoma of the parotid gland.
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PMID:Neuroblastoma of parotid gland: report of a case and immunohistochemical characteristics. 770 7