Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P20366 (substance P)
 21,176 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Neurogenic appendicopathy is a frequent (17.8%), non-purulent form of appendicitis. Light microscopy enabled differentiation between an intramucosal variant, a type with central neuroma and neuromuscular proliferations in the submucosa. All nerves within the gut wall were visualized independently of neurotransmitters by immunostaining for neuron-specific enolase. Proliferation of nerve fibres with substance P- and VIP-immunoreactivity was observed in the intramucosal variant and in central neuroma. Moreover, an increase was found in stromal endocrine cells with 5-hydroxy-tryptamine-, somatostatin- and substance P-immunoreactivity. These endocrine stroma cells are considered to be the site of origin of appendix carcinoids. We, therefore, suggest that appendix carcinoids originate in-frequently multicentric-foci of small endocrine cell groups localized within proliferating nerve fibres in the subepithelial stroma, independent of the epithelial layer.
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PMID:[Neurogenic appendicopathy - an immunocytochemical study]. 618 81

After immunohistochemical staining appendices without active inflammation but producing symptoms of appendicitis (N = 24) were compared with a control group of appendices removed incidental to another procedure (N = 26). Staining for neurone specific enolase (NSE) showed more instances of nerve 'hyperplasia' in the control group than in the appendices generating pain refuting the concept of neuroappendicopathy based on quantitative nerve changes. Serotonin staining identified subepithelial neuroendocrine cells (SNC) in 85 per cent of the specimens. All cases showed serotonin immunoreactive enterochromaffin cells (EC). Staining for serotonin was significantly decreased in the SNC in the painful group. There were no significant differences between the two groups in staining intensity of SNC and EC for substance P (SP). Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) was not seen in the SNC and EC and there were no differences in nerve fibre staining for VIP. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter as well as mediator of inflammation. It is suggested that reduced staining for serotonin in painful appendices reflects discharge of stores which could be instrumental in inducing the pain in these cases. Continued serotonin release may then lead to acute appendicitis.
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PMID:Serotonin and its possible role in the painful non-inflamed appendix. 637