Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P20226 (TATA-binding protein)
 1,297 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A proximal promoter (-422/-13) of the bean seed storage protein beta-phaseolin gene contains cis-regulatory elements conferring spatial and temporal gene regulation. To correlate trans-acting elements with these cis-elements, we performed gel mobility shift and exonuclease III protection assays using bean seed nuclear proteins, and identified target sequences of four DNA-binding proteins associated with this promoter. Three CANNTG motifs, CACGTG (-248/-243), CACCTG (-163/-158), and CATATG (-100/-95), were determined as target sequences of the same DNA-binding protein designated CAN. Competition assays using oligonucleotides containing the wild-type or mutated CANNTG motif indicated that the CANNTG motif appears to be a preferred target sequence for CAN binding. Competition assays also demonstrated that DNA-binding protein AG-1 binds to AAAAAG(A/G)CAA (-356/-347, -191/-182), CA-1 binds to two CA-rich sequences (-201/-192, -175/-160), and that a TATA-box binding protein binds to either TATATAA (-43/-37) or TATAAA (-32/-27) or both. Based on these and other results, it is proposed that CACGTG motif (-248/-243) is a major cis-acting regulatory element conferring spatial and temporal control of the beta-phaseolin gene.
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PMID:Four distinct nuclear proteins recognize in vitro the proximal promoter of the bean seed storage protein beta-phaseolin gene conferring spatial and temporal control. 130 41

In primary rodent cells transformed by the E1A region of the highly oncogenic adenovirus type 12, repression of transcription mediated by the far upstream TATA-like element was observed only in conjunction with either possible juxtaposition of a CAA repeated element in the presence of E1A and was dependent upon the relative arrangement of both the TATA-like and CAA repeated motifs in both homologous and heterologous promoter constructs. A gel shift competition study demonstrated that the TATA-binding protein (TBP) or a TBP-like protein can bind to both the upstream TATA-like sequence and the regular TATA box on the H-2Kb basal promoter. Moreover, employing immunoselection and cyclic amplification and selection of targets (CASTing) methods with nuclear extracts derived from Ad12-E1A transformants, we have identified a high affinity binding site in the H-2Kb class I promoter for E1A-associated DNA-binding proteins. The sequences of the binding sites were identified and were found to contain both the upstream TATA-like motif and the CAA repeated motifs. Our results suggest that the TATA-like sequence in the far upstream region of the H-2Kb gene is one of the elements that is required for Ad12-E1A-mediated negative repression.
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PMID:Cooperatively between an upstream TATA-like sequence and a CAA repeated element mediates E1A-dependent negative repression of the H-2Kb class I gene. 783 66

We have recently identified a novel SCA form in nine patients from four Japanese pedigrees through the screening for expanded polyglutamine tracts by Western blotting analysis with a monoclonal 1 C 2 antibody that recognizes specifically pathological polyglutamine tracts. This disease is caused by an abnormal CAG/CAA expansion in the TATA-binding protein gene (TBP), a general transcription initiation factor. This abnormal expansion of glutamine tracts in TBP ranges 47 to 55 repeats, whereas the normal repeat number ranges from 29 to 42. Immunocytochemical examination of a postmortem brain that carried 48 CAG repeats detected neuronal intranuclear inclusion bodies (NIIs) that stained with anti-ubiquitin antibody, anti-TBP antibody and with the 1 C 2 antibody. Most patients presented in the third decade with gait ataxia and dementia, progressing over several decades to include bradykinesia, dysmetria, dysdiadockokinesis, hyperreflexia and paucity of movement. No abnormal eye movements were present in any patient. This disease resembles the spinocerebellar ataxias including Dentato-rubal pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA) more closely than any other form of neurodegenerative disorder. Further study of this disease should provide important information for unraveling the molecular pathogenesis of neuronal cell degeneration as well as for the development of future therapeutic interventions.
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PMID:[SCA17, a novel polyglutamine disease caused by the expansion of polyglutamine tracts in TATA-binding protein]. 1223 15

We report a group of 252 patients with a Huntington's disease-like (HDL) phenotype, including 60 with typical Huntington's disease, who had tested negative for pathological expansions in the IT15 gene, the major mutation in Huntington's disease. They were screened for repeat expansions in two other genes involved in HDL phenotypes: those encoding the junctophilin-3 (JPH3/HDL2) and prion (PRNP/HDL1) proteins. In addition, because of the clinical overlap between patients with HDL disease and autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia or dentatorubral and pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA), we investigated trinucleotide repeat expansions in genes encoding the TATA-binding protein (TBP/SCA17) and atrophin-1 (DRPLA). Two patients carried 43 and 50 uninterrupted CTG repeats in the JPH3 gene. Two other patients had 44 and 46 CAA/CAG repeats in the TBP gene. Patients with expansions in the TBP or JPH3 genes had HDL phenotypes indistinguishable from Huntington's disease. Taking into account patients with typical Huntington's disease, their frequencies were evaluated as 3% each in our series of typical HDL patients. Interestingly, incomplete penetrance of the 46 CAA/CAG repeat in the TBP gene was observed in a 59-year-old transmitting, but healthy, parent. Furthermore, we report a new configuration of the expanded TBP allele, with 11 repeats on the first polymorphic stretch of CAGs. Expansions in the DRPLA gene and insertions in the PRNP gene were not found in our group of patients. Further genetic heterogeneity of the HDL phenotype therefore exists.
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PMID:Huntington's disease-like phenotype due to trinucleotide repeat expansions in the TBP and JPH3 genes. 1280 14

Autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are a group of neurodegenerative disorders clinically characterized by late-onset ataxia and variable other manifestations. Genetically and clinically, SCA is highly heterogeneous. Recently, CAG repeat expansions in the gene encoding TATA-binding protein (TBP) have been found in a new form of SCA, which has been designated SCA17. To estimate the frequency of SCA17 among white SCA patients and to define the phenotypic variability, we determined the frequency of SCA17 in a large sample of 1,318 SCA patients. In total, 15 patients in four autosomal dominant SCA families had CAG/CAA repeat expansions in the TBP gene ranging from 45 to 54 repeats. The clinical features of our SCA17 patients differ from other SCA types by manifesting with psychiatric abnormalities and dementia. The neuropathology of SCA17 can be classified as a "pure cerebellar" or "cerebello-olivary" form of ataxia. However, intranuclear neuronal inclusion bodies with immunoreactivity to anti-TBP and antipolyglutamine were much more widely distributed throughout the brain gray matter than in other SCAs. Based on clinical and genetic data, we conclude that SCA17 is rare among white SCA patients. SCA17 should be considered in sporadic and familial cases of ataxia with accompanying psychiatric symptoms and dementia.
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PMID:Clinical features and neuropathology of autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA17). 1295 69

Extrapyramidal signs are a main feature of spinocerebellar ataxia 17 (SCA17). However, the extent of dopaminergic dysfunction and its correlation with parkinsonian signs are not fully understood. In order to define this, we investigated five subjects from three different families with a pathological CAG/CAA expansion in the TATA-binding protein gene (SCA17), ranging from asymptomatic carrier to patient with advanced disease, by FP-CIT SPECT. Nigrostriatal dysfunction was present in patients manifesting a fully developed phenotype but not in preclinical and early stages. Dopamine transporter reduction was symmetrical and uniform in caudate and putamen and it correlated with the clinical severity of ataxia.
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PMID:Characterization of nigrostriatal dysfunction in spinocerebellar ataxia 17. 1653 53

The variability and mutational changes of the CAG microsatellite in the TATA-box binding protein gene (TBP) were studied. We sequenced the microsatellite of the TBP gene of 25 unrelated individuals from northern Germany (10 SCA17 patients and 15 unaffected control individuals). In addition, the microsatellites were sequenced from individuals of 10 northern German families with at least one family member affected by SCA17. To study also the evolutionary history of this CAG/CAA microsatellite in nonhuman primates, the homologous regions were analysed from Pan troglodytes, Gorilla gorilla, Pongo pygmaeus, P. abellii, Hylobates lar, Nomascus leucogenys, Symphalangus syndactylus, Macaca mulatta, Papio hamadryas, Colobus polykomos and Callithrix jacchus. Three major conclusions were drawn: (i) Patterns of synonymous CAA interruptions in the microsatellite are characteristic and likely to result from selection for stabilizing the repetitive region; (ii) Interspecific comparisons indicate that SCA17 is likely to be a human trait. The most common allele in humans (37 repeats) is close to the threshold value upon which neurodegenerative changes can occur and may act as a repository for expanded, pathogenic alleles; (iii) The cassette-like structure of five out of 17 expanded alleles can be attributed to unequal crossing over. This can explain the rare and sporadic de novo generation of SCA17 alleles.
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PMID:Repeat expansion in spinocerebellar ataxia type 17 alleles of the TATA-box binding protein gene: an evolutionary approach. 1703 85

SCA17 is a rare type of autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia caused by a CAG/CAA expansion in the gene encoding the TATA-binding protein (TBP). We screened for triplet expansion in the TBP gene 110 subjects with progressive cerebellar ataxia and 94 subjects with Huntington-like phenotype negative at specific molecular tests. SCA17 mutation-positive subjects were found in both groups of patients. Expanded alleles with > or = 44 CAG/CAA repeats were identified in 11 individuals and in 4 non-symptomatic relatives. Eleven de novo diagnosed patients and four patients previously reported underwent extensive clinical, neuroradiological and oculographic examination. Cerebellar signs and symptoms were present in all cases; 80% of the patients had mild to severe cognitive deficits; 66% of patients showed choreic movements; pyramidal signs, bradykinesia and dystonia were observed in approx 50% of the cases. MRI demonstrated cortical and cerebellar atrophy in all patients, whereas neurophysiological examination excluded signs of peripheral nervous system involvement. Oculographic examinations were performed in 9 out of 15 patients and showed a distinct pattern of oculomotor abnormalities, characterized by impairment of smooth pursuit, defects in the saccade accuracy, normal saccade velocity, hyperreflexia of vestibuloocular reflexes, and absence of nystagmus. In summary, this study presents one of the largest series of SCA17 patients in Europe. In our group of patients, SCA17 represents the third most frequent SCA genotype. Our clinical data confirm the large variability in SCA17 phenotypic presentation, and indicate that a peculiar combination of neuroradiological, electrophysiological and oculomotor findings is recognizable in SCA17.
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PMID:Spinocerebellar ataxia type 17 (SCA17): oculomotor phenotype and clinical characterization of 15 Italian patients. 1793 76

A Japanese woman developed gait disturbances at 25 years of age, and subsequently underwent gradual changes in her personality. By the age of 42, she showed clear signs of dementia and cerebellar ataxia, and displayed behavioral abnormalities, choreic movements and hyperreflexia. The findings of MRI not only showed cerebellar and cerebral atrophy, but also revealed putaminal rim hyperintensity on T2-weighted images. We identified a heterozygously expanded CAG/CAA repeat (45/36) within the TATA-binding protein gene, leading to a diagnosis of SCA17. These results show that a 45 CAG/CAA repeat is pathological, giving rise to early-onset SCA17.
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PMID:A small trinucleotide expansion in the TBP gene gives rise to a sporadic case of SCA17 with abnormal putaminal findings on MRI. 1907 47

Spinocerebellar ataxias are a group of rare and heterogeneous autosomal dominant disorders characterized by progressive ataxia and other features. Spinocerebellar ataxia 17 (SCA17) is one of the 32 subtypes described to date and is secondary to CAG/CAA repeat expansion in the gene coding for the TATA-box binding protein (TBP). SCA17 is clinically heterogeneous and typically presents with slowly evolving ataxia, dysarthria, dementia, depression, and other movement disorders such as chorea. More than 41 CAG/CAA repeats are considered diagnostic of SCA17, with more than 49 being associated with full penetrance. We report one patient presenting with isolated rapidly evolving ataxia who was found to have 44 CAG/CAA repeats in the TBP gene. This suggests that, while SCA17 typically slowly progresses over years, its repertoire of presentations should be expanded to include rapidly progressive isolated ataxia resembling paraneoplastic disorders or prion disease.
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PMID:From normal gait to loss of ambulation in 6 months: a novel presentation of SCA17. 2347 85


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