Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P20020 (adenosine triphosphatase)
 3,299 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Dichloromethylene diphosphonate (Cl2MDP) was given at doses of 4 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg daily for 7 days to adult thyroparathyroidectomized rats fed a low calcium diet. Primary metaphyseal trabeculae in Cl2MDP-treated rats were more numerous and longer than in controls. The light and electron microscopic appearance of osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts were unaltered by Cl2MDP. Bone alkaline phosphatase was significantly elevated in rats given Cl2MDP but adenosine triphosphatase activity was unchanged. Bone fat-free weight, fat-free minus ash weight, and bone calcium and phosphorus concentration were reduced significantly in rats given 10 mg/kg Cl2MDP compared to controls. Bone magnesium concentration was significantly elevated in rats given 10 mg/kg Cl2MDP. Serum calcium and phosphorus concentration were lower in Cl2MDP-treated rats. These results suggest that Cl2MDP is capable of altering bone remodeling, enzyme activity and mineral content, without significantly altering bone cell morphology, independent of the effects of parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, and dietary calcium.
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PMID:Effect of dichloromethylene diphosphonate on morphology, enzyme activity, and ash content of bones of thyroparathyroidectomized rats. 14 84

Seven well differentiated chondrosarcomas of bone have been analyzed by electron microscopy, and the fine structural localization of adenosine triphosphatase and nonspecific alkaline phosphatase has been elucidated. On the basis of the fine structural appearance, two distinct cell types were shown to constitute the tumor tissue: chondrocyte-like cells and large "mitochondria-rich cells". Large, multinucleated cells in the tumor did not seem to correspond to osteoclasts but rather were likely to represent true neoplastic cells. Some chondrocyte-like cells appeared to be binucleated by virtue of deep, groove-like nuclear indentations. Adenosine triphosphatase and alkaline phosphatase were associated with the plasma membrane of both chondrocyte-like and mitochondria-rich cells suggesting that they might be of common origin. Normal chondroblasts and chondrocytes lack histochemically demonstrable adenosine triphosphatase on their plasma membrane. Presence of this enzyme in the tumor cells may indicate that they are histogenetically related to immature non-chondroid matrix forming cells (known to carry the enzymes).
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PMID:Contribution to the knowledge of the fine structure of chondrosarcoma of bone. With a note on the localization of alkaline phosphatase and "ATPase". 15 79

The pattern of response of the intestinal enzymes Ca2+-activated adenosine triphosphatase and alkaline phosphatase in the chick to 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol is consistent with a role for the former but not the latter enzyme in the vitamin D-dependent absorption of calcium.
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PMID:Differentiation of the changes in alkaline phosphatase from calcium ion-activated adenosine triphosphatase activities associated with increased calcium absorption in chick intestine. 15 34

In this study, enzyme activities of the pancreatic appendages of the ductus hepatoPancreas (the so-called "pancreas") in Sepia officinalis L. have been demonstrated by light and electron micicroscopical methods: Malate dehydrogenase, monoamine oxidase, acid phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase, adenosine triphosphatase and carbonic anhydrase were shown by the former, and monoamine oxidase, catalase, glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, choline esterase (non-specific), alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase and carbonic anhydrase by the latter technique. The correlation between enzyme activity and distribution, and the presumed function of the two pancreatic epithelia is discussed.
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PMID:The localization of enzyme activities in the pancreatic appendages of Sepia officinalis L. (Cephalopoda). 15 95

The study deals with the distribution of acid and alkaline phosphatases, ATPase, 5-nucleotidase, nonspecific esterase, specific cholinesterase, and beta-galactosidase in the diencephalon of the frog. The highlights of the present study are the following: i) Acid phosphatase is present in all the neurons, whereas the tracts and commissures are completely negative. ii) Most of the tracts and commissures are positive for 5-nucleotidase. This confirms the author's previous findings that the tracts and commissures of all the areas of frog brain are intensely positive for 5-nucleotidase. iii) beta-galactosidase activity in the nuclei of the diencephalon is either mild or completely absent, whereas the commissures and tracts show positive activity. iv) Habenulothalamic connections are intensely positive for specific cholinesterase and non-specific esterase, moderately positive for beta-galactosidase and completely negative for other enzymes. v) The epiphysis (pineal organ) shows intense reaction for adenosine triphosphatase, acid phosphatase, and 5-nucleotidase and moderate reaction for alkaline phosphatase and non-specific esterase. In contrast to the above enzymes, the specific cholinesterase and beta-galactosidase are completely missing. vi) Lateral forebrain bundles are completely negative for all the enzymes except alkaline phosphatase and beta-galactosidase. The distribution of these enzymes has been correlated with the functional aspects of various nuclei, tracts, and commissures of the diencephalon of the frog.
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PMID:The chemoarchitectonics of the diencephalon of frog (Rana tigrina). 15 81

The plasma membrane enzymes, alkaline phosphatase, bicarbonate-dependent adenosine triphosphatase, 5'-nucleotidase, and carbonate dehydratase, were measured in ductal and acinar preparations of bovine pancreas. Epithelial cells were scraped from the main duct and a piece of acinar tissue was dissected from the whole pancreas for homogenization. All enzymes studied demonstrated higher levels in the duct per milligram protein than in the acinus: bicarbonate-dependent adenosine triphosphatase was 2.8 times higher; 5'-nucleotidase, 4.1 times higher; carbonate dehydratase, 16.9 times higher, while alkaline phosphatase showed only a slight increase in the duct compared to acini.
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PMID:Enzymic profiles of bovine pancreatic ductal and acinar tissues. 15 38

Localization and activity of five hydrolases (alkaline phosphatase, adenosine triphosphatase, acid phosphatase, nonspecific esterase and leucylamino-peptidase) were evaluated histochemically in the epididymides of mature dogs. In the ductuli efferentes, cilia and apical parts of the epithelial cells displayed high activity of alkaline phosphatase and adenosine triphosphatase. Strong activity of acid phosphatase, nonspecific esterase and leucylamino-peptidase was present in the basal and supranuclear zones of the epithelium of the ductuli efferentes. Stereocilia of all three segments of the ductus epididymidis showed a high activity of alkaline phosphatase. Positive adenosine triphosphatase reaction was confined to the stereocilia of the initial segment. A complex pattern of acid phosphatase activity was observed in the middle segment. The subdivision of the middle segment in four subsegments was therefore suggested. In the epithelium of the initial segment only a few nonspecific esterase-positive cells were seen. The infranuclear and basal areas of the epithelium in the middle segment and the supranuclear zone of the terminal segment displayed distinct nonspecific esterase activity. The possible contribution of the hydrolases to the function of the epididymis is discussed.
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PMID:[Histological localization of hydrolases in the epididymis of the dog]. 16 21

The formation of cellular aggregates (foci) in CV-1 cells following infection with Yaba tumor poxvirus is dependent upon cell passage level, temperatue of incubation, and calcium concentration in the medium. Resistance of older cells can be reversed by maintaining calcium at 0.1 mM or by adding cortisone acetate (1 mug/ml), hydrocortisone, or estradiol-17beta to the cultures. In susceptible cells, foci formation was inhibited slightly by methyltestosterone and inhibited completely by dexamethasone, aldosterone and progesterone. Activities and patterns of enzymes associated with cytoplasmic membranes (alkaline phosphatase, mononucleotidase, and Na+-K+-adenosine triphosphatase) and lysosomes (beta-glucuronidase and acid phosphatase) of the younger susceptible and the older resistant CV-1 cells differed. These differences apparently occurred in concert with phenotypic changes in the membranes that reduced the mobility of older resistant cells. In susceptible culture, unifected cells migrated to the infected cell and participated in foci formation. Reduction of the calcium content to 0.1 mM apparently removed some of the constraints on mobility of the resistant cells. Although the hormones may have had a similar effect, the changes in enzyme patterns indicated basic alterations in protein synthesis. The development of resistance to foci formation occurred between the 45th and 50th passage level. Hormonal reversal of this resistance resulted in enzyme profiles that reflected the pattern of young susceptible cells.
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PMID:Alterations of enzymes associated with plasma membranes and cellular organelles during infection of CV-1 cells with Yaba tumor poxvirus. 16 62

Neurochemical and psychopharmacological studies of rats were designed to examine four hypotheses which have been proposed to account for the development of behavioral tolerance to the anticholinesterase, diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP). The fact that the activity of the enzymes, adenosine triphosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and cytochrome oxidase, did not change concomitantly with behavioral measures during chronic treatment with DFP suggests that nonspecific metabolic changes are unlikely mechanisms of behavioral tolerance. Similarly, a lack of change in choline acetylase activity coupled with constantly high acetylcholine levels (140%) and low cholinesterase activity (28.5%) tends to eliminate end-product inhibition of acetylcholine synthesis as a primary mechanism of tolerance to DFP. Alpha-Methyl-p-tyrosine in doses to 150 mg/kg affected the behaviors of control and DFP-treated rats to a comparable degree, offering no support for the hypothesis that a redundant adrenergic system may replace the cholinergic system during the development of tolerance to DFP. In contrast to these various negative findings, pilocarpine was less effective in suppressing the responding of rats tolerant to DFP than that of control subjects. This confirms other evidence indicating that a decreased sensitivity of cholinergic (muscarinic) receptors is one mechanism underlying the development of tolerance to DFP.
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PMID:Experimental tests of hypotheses about neurochemical mechanisms underlying behavioral tolerance to the anticholinesterase, diisopropyl fluorophosphate. 16 30

The effects of the alkaline phosphatase inhibitors levamisole and R 8231 on p-nitro-phenylphosphatase, inorganic pyrophosphatase and adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activities in dentingenically active odontoblasts were studied. The p-nitrophenylphosphatase and inorganic pyrophosphatase activities were inhibited, while 40% of the ATP-splitting enzyme activity remained under the assay condition used. This finding, togeather with earlier studies, indicates that at least two different phosphatase are active at alkaline pH in hard tissue-forming cells; on nonspecific alkaline phosphatase and one specific ATPase. The ATPase activity is uninfluenced by ouabain and ruthenium red and is activated by Ca-2+ ions.
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PMID:Inhibition studies of alkaline phosphatase in hard tissue-forming cells. 16 33


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