Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P20020 (adenosine triphosphatase)
 3,299 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The virus of transmissible gastroenteritis produced sprue-like lesions in the small intestines of young pigs. These lesions were characterized by villous shortening, fusing and blunting in the jejunum and ileum. There was decreased height of the brush border and morphologic alteration of the villous epithelial cells from simple columnar to a variable cuboidal type. Accompanying these microscopic lesions were histochemical changes characterized by decreased staining intensity of acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, adenosine triphosphatase, leucine aminopeptidase, succinic dehydrogenase and malic dehydrogenase in the affected intestinal mucosa. The clinical nature of transmissible gastroenteritis in the pig together with the histopathologic and histochemical changes may provide a useful experimental model for obtaining additional basic information on enteric disturbances.
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PMID:Experimental sprue-like small intestinal lesions in pigs. 422 30

The half-life of mitochondrial adenosine triphosphatase and the relative rate constants of protein degradation for several fractions of rat liver have been measured by the double-isotope technique. It has been shown that the apparent turnover rates of some mitochondrial enzymes, far apart in size, such as carbamoyl phosphate synthetase, glutamate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase, are not related to molecular weight or to size of subunits. In view of the possibility that mitochondrial proteins are degraded by different mechanisms, it was of interest to determine the half-life of a protein tightly bound to the inner membrane such as adenosine triphosphatase. The rate constants of degradation for rats fed a basal diet and injected at three-day intervals with isotopic leucine were: homogenate, kd = 0.195 days-1; mitochondria, kd = 0.135 days-1; cytosol, kd = 0.140 days-1; microsomes, kd = 0.28 days-1; ATPase, kd = 0.275 days-1. The rate constants of the cellular fractions of liver of rats fed a high protein diet did not change or showed a small increase, compared with those of animals fed the basal diet, while those from rats on the protein-free diet showed a decrease. The rate constant for adenosine triphosphatase showed an increase with high-protein and a decrease with protein-free diet. A procedure for the purification of ATPase from a single liver of a rat is described.
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PMID:Turnover of adenosine triphosphatase from rat liver mitochondria. Effect of high-protein and low-protein diets. 621 5

Parietal cells in the luminal segments of mouse gastric glands show high activity of acid-secreting potassium-dependent adenosine triphosphatase (H+, K+-ATPase) and of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD-ICDHase) and malate dehydrogenase (MDHase) but low activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDHase). This pattern of activity is reversed in the basal segments of the same glands. These results and previous morphological findings support the conclusion that luminal segment parietal cells are much more active in hydrochloric acid secretion than those of the basal segment. The origin of this zonation may be either cellular deterioration with age or some more specific form of regulation of parietal cell metabolism.
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PMID:Cytochemical evidence for functional zonation of parietal cells within the gastric glands of the mouse. 631 15

Cytoplasmic membranes were isolated from late-exponential phase Staphylococcus aureus 6539 P and the membrane proteins examined under non-denaturing conditions by thin-layer isoelectric focusing (TLIEF) in a pH 3.5-9.5 gradient. Isolated membrane preparations retained protein integrity as judged by the demonstration of membrane bound adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity in addition to four other solubilized membrane enzyme markers. Membranes were effectively solubilized with 2.5% Triton X-100 (final concentration). Examination of Triton X-100 solubilized membrane preparations established the presence of 22 membrane proteins with isoelectric points between 3.7 and 6.0. The focused proteins displayed the following enzymatic activities and isoelectric points by zymogram methods: ATPase (EC 3.6.1.3), 4.20; malate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.37), 3.90; lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27), 3.85; two membrane proteins exhibited multiple bands upon enzymatic staining NADH dehydrogenase (EC 1.6.99.3), 4.25, 4.35; succinate dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.99.1), 4.85, 5.10, 5.35.
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PMID:Analysis of Staphylococcus aureus cytoplasmic membrane proteins by isoelectric focusing. 645 26

The activities of 13 liver and 6 brain enzymes were studied in 7-12 week old CD2F1 male mice that had been fed ad libitum and standardized either to 12 hours of light (0600-1800) alternating with 12 hours of darkness (1800-0600) (LD12:12); or to a reversed light-dark cycle (darkness 0600-1800; light 1800-0600) (DL12:12). Three separate studies were performed on two different days; in each experiment, subgroups of 14 animals were sacrificed at 3-hour intervals. Livers were assayed for: isocitrate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, alcohol dehydrogenase, glutathione reductase, glyoxylate reductase, L-alanine aminotransferase, glutamate oxalacetate transaminase, pyruvate decarboxylase, fructose-1-phosphate aldolase, fructose diphosphate aldolase, fructose 1,6-diphosphatase, and fatty acid synthetase. Brains were assayed for phosphoglucose isomerase, adenosine triphosphatase, creatine phosphokinase, pyruvate kinase, adenylate kinase, and malate dehydrogenase. All 19 enzymes demonstrated a prominent circadian rhythm in at least one experiment. Moreover, each rhythmic variable showed a statistically significant fit to a 24-hour cosine (sine) curve by the method of least squares. In general, peak activities of the liver enzymes analyzed were associated with the beginning of the dark cycle and initiation of the animal's activity, while the group of brain enzymes had peak activities which occurred at the beginning of the animals' rest span and were near the beginning of the light cycle. The phasing of each of the rhythms could be reversed within a two-week span after reversing the environmental light-dark cycle 180 degrees.
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PMID:Circadian organization of thirteen liver and six brain enzymes of the mouse. 731 49

Anaerobic threshold (AT) and maximum oxygen uptake (max VO2) were determined in 15 young female cross-country skiers, aged 15--20 years, during incremental bycycle ergometer exercise. Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), citrate synthase (CS) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were analyzed biochemically and percentage of slow twitch fibres (%ST fibres, myosin adenosine triphosphatase staining) histochemically in muscle samples obtained from m. vastus lateralis. Max VO2 correlated significantly with anaerobic threshold in ml x kg-1 x min-1 (mlAT) but when AT was expressed in percent of max VO2 (%AT) the correlation was insignificant. Significant correlations were found between %AT and SDH (r = 0.63) and between mlAT and CS (r = 0.58). Max VO2 showed no significant correlations with the enzymes studied or %ST fibres. The results of the study seem to support the hypothesis that anaerobic threshold is related to oxidative capacity of muscle.
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PMID:Anaerobic threshold, skeletal muscle enzymes and fiber composition in young female cross-country skiers. 737 21

A biochemical investigation was carried out on the relative presence of some enzymes of the Krebs cycle and of the associated energy metabolism in various fractions (namely, cyst wall, cyst fluid and zoites) of sarcocysts of Sarcocystis fusiformis from the oesophageal muscles of naturally infected Indian water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Except for malate dehydrogenase, the activities of aconitase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase and fumarase were beyond detectable limits, pointing to a non-functional Krebs cycle in the cysts of this parasite. The activities of adenosine triphosphatase and cytochromes were lowest in cyst fluid and were maximally depicted by cyst wall and zoites.
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PMID:Sarcocystis fusiformis: some Krebs cycle enzymes in various fractions of sarcocysts of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). 773 35

Transfer of Euglena gracilis Klebs Z cells from phototrophic to organotrophic growth on acetate results in derepression of the key enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle, malate synthase and isocitrate lyase, which appear coordinately regulated. The derepression of malate synthase and isocitrate lyase was accompanied by increased specific activities of succinate dehydrogenase, fumarase, and malate dehydrogenase, but hydroxypyruvate reductase activity was unaltered.Isolation of organelles from broken cell suspensions of cells grown heterotrophically on acetate was achieved by isopycnic centrifugation on sucrose gradients. Peaks of mitochondrial enzymes were obtained at equilibrium densities of 1.22 g cm(3) and 1.16 g cm(3), and although significant differences in the distribution of tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes between these two peaks were not recorded adenosine triphosphatase activity was detected only in the less dense fraction (1.16 g cm(3)) showing this contained damaged mitochondria. The peak of particulate glyoxylate cycle enzymes was at an equilibrium density of 1.25 g cm(3), this being the same as that for glycolate pathway enzymes from phototrophic cells. Citrate synthase, isocitrate lyase, malate synthase, and malate dehydrogenase were all present in this fraction so it was concluded that Euglena glyoxysomes contain a complete glyoxylate cycle.
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PMID:Microbody-marker Enzymes during Transition from Phototrophic to Organotrophic Growth in Euglena. 1665 2

The mitochondrial damage in the lung was assessed by examining the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxides, reduced glutathione, and the activities of isocitrate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, complexes I to IV, and cytochrome c. The oxidative phosphorylation (levels of adenosine triphosphatase) was evaluated for the assessment of mitochondrial functional capacity. We found significantly elevated levels of ROS, lipid peroxides, and decreased levels of mitochondrial enzymes in the mice administered with benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]p). Measurement of oxidative phosphorylation revealed a marked depletion in all the variables studied. Administration of crocetin prevented the structural and functional impairment of mitochondria upon administration to B[a]p. From the results, we suggest that administration of B[a]p induces damage to the lung mitochondria and crocetin protects the lung from damage by maintaining the structural and functional integrity of the mitochondrial membrane.
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PMID:Reduction of mitochondrial oxidative damage and improved mitochondrial efficiency by administration of crocetin against benzo[a]pyrene induced experimental animals. 1875 52

1. Liver, kidney, brain, skeletal muscle, and cardiac muscle from one newborn and three adult long-snouted dolphins (Stenella plagiodon) were obtained for enzyme studies. 2. All of the dolphin tissues exhibited cytochrome oxidase, succinic dehydrogenase, and malic dehydrogenase activity. Considerable differences in the enzyme activities of the various tissues were noted, with cardiac muscle exhibiting the highest respiratory enzyme activity. The enzyme activities of dolphin tissues were lower than those of the corresponding rat tissues. 3. All of the dolphin tissues exhibited adenosine triphosphatase activity which was accelerated by magnesium and manganese but, in contrast to rat tissues, was only slightly activated by calcium. 4. Measurements of the distribution of acid-soluble phosphorus in dolphin tissues indicated that glycolysis in all of the tissues examined proceeded through the Emden-Meyerhof phosphorylation scheme. 5. The average glycogen content of dolphin skeletal muscle was 0.98 per cent as compared with 0.16 to 0.20 per cent for rat skeletal muscle. The high glycogen content of dolphin skeletal muscle indicates a ready source of substrate for glycolysis even during submergence when the blood supply may be differentially shunted to other organs. 6. Measurements of the organ weights of dolphins showed that the lungs occupy over three times and the liver one-half as much of the total body weight as do these organs in the rat. The heart and the thyroid gland of the dolphin are also larger in proportion to the total body weight than in the rat while the relative weights of the other tissues in the two species are about the same.
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PMID:Studies on the intermediary carbohydrate metabolism of aquatic animals; the distribution of acid-soluble phosphorus and certain enzymes in dolphin tissues. 1890 58


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