Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P20020 (adenosine triphosphatase)
 3,299 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We examined the changes in myosin heavy-chain (HC) isoforms and fibre-type composition in rat soleus muscle using both myosin adenosine triphosphatase staining and sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analyses during the recovery period after 4 weeks of hindlimb suspension. Although there was no change in type IIc fibres after the suspension, an increase in this type of fibres was observed during the 1- to 4-week recovery period. The increase in type IIc fibres was considered to be due to a shift from type IIa to IIc fibres. The SDS-PAGE analysis revealed the presence of the HC IId isoform, which was not observed in the control muscle, after a 4-week hindlimb suspension. The HC IId isoform gradually decreased over 3 weeks of recovery and disappeared in the 4th week of recovery after the suspension. These results suggest that the hypogravity conditions induced by hindlimb suspension stimulated the synthesis of the HC IId isoform, whereas an increase in mechanical load to the muscle accelerated the degradation of the HC IId isoform and the synthesis of type IIc fibres during the recovery period after hindlimb suspension.
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PMID:Changes in fibre-type composition and myosin heavy-chain IId isoform in rat soleus muscle during recovery period after hindlimb suspension. 816 16

In adult horses, three myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms can be identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and immunohistochemistry using specific anti-MyHC monoclonal antibodies. This report studies the suitability of a consistent SDS-PAGE technique for quantifying MyHC profiles in homogenized cryostate sections of equine gluteus medius muscle biopsies (n = 18). The method used (previously described by R. J. Talmadge and R. R. Roy; J. Appl. Physiol. 1993, 75, 2337-2340) resolved MyHCs in three bands: I, IIB or IIX, and IIA from the fastest to the slowest migration band. The success rate of the protocol for yielding three well-differentiated MyHC bands was 100% and a subsequent quantification by densitometry for each MyHC isoform was obtained in all 18 muscle biopsies. The results obtained with this electrophoretic method were compared with routine myofibrillar adenosine triphosphatase histochemistry and immunohistochemistry using specific anti-MyHC monoclonal antibodies. The percent composition of the three electrophoretically separated MyHC isoforms (I, IIA and IIB or IIX) showed strong positive correlation with percentages of the area occupied in the biopsies by the three major fiber types (I, IIA, and IIB) identified histochemically (r = 0.96, P < 0.001) and immunohistochemically (r = 0.94, P < 0.01). It can be concluded that the electrophoretic method used here for measuring MyHC content is a valid alternative for muscle fiber typing in horses. As it is less costly and time-consuming than both qualitative histochemistry and immunohistochemistry, the method offers new prospects for application in equine experimental studies and veterinary medicine.
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PMID:A sensitive electrophoretic method for the quantification of myosin heavy chain isoforms in horse skeletal muscle: histochemical and immunocytochemical verifications. 942 Jan 54

Thyroid hormone exerts predictable effects on the contractile performance of the heart in part by regulating the transcription of genes encoding specific calcium transporter proteins. In a rat model of hypothyroidism, left ventricular (LV) contractile function as measured by ejection fraction was decreased by 22% (P < 0.05), and this was returned to control values with T3 treatment. In confirmation of prior studies, LV phospholamban (PLB) protein content was significantly decreased by 25% and 40% compared with hypothyroid LV when the animals were treated with T3 at two doses, 2.5 and 7.0 microg/day, respectively. The ratio of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium adenosine triphosphatase (SERCA2) to PLB protein content was thus increased by 171% and 207%, respectively (P < 0.01). Resolution of the phosphorylated PLB pentamers by SDS-PAGE showed that T3 infusion at 2.5 and 7.0 microg/day decreased (P < 0.001) the amount nonphosphorylated pentamers by 82% and 95%, respectively, in a dose-dependent manner. T3 treatment produced an increase in the proportion of highly phosphorylated PLB pentamers (more than five phosphates) when expressed as a fraction of total pentameric molecules (P < 0.05). Site-specific antibodies showed that the T3-induced increase in phosphorylated PLB pentamers was the result of an increase in both serine 16 and threonine 17 phosphorylation. We conclude that thyroid hormone, in addition to regulating the expression of cardiac PLB, is able to alter the degree of PLB phosphorylation, which correlates with enhancement of LV contractile function. These studies suggest that T3 may augment myocyte calcium cycling via changes in both cAMP- and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase activities.
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PMID:Thyroid hormone regulation of phospholamban phosphorylation in the rat heart. 1083 Mar 1

To determine which myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms are expressed in canine skeletal muscles, different muscle samples of five mixed-breed dogs were analysed by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The separated MHC isoforms were identified by immunoblotting technique using a set of specific monoclonal antibodies. To compare the results of the electrophoretic and immunoblotting study, the pattern of MHC isoform expression and histochemical profiles of canine fibres were additionally demonstrated on serial muscle sections by immunohistochemistry and myofibrillar adenosine triphosphatase (mATPase) histochemistry. Not more than three MHC isoforms were demonstrated by SDS-PAGE in the analysed canine muscles. By the immunoblotting technique, the fastest migrating MHC band was identified as slow or MHC-I, the intermediate one as MHC-IIx and the slowest migrating band as MHC-IIa isoform. Since none of the three MHC bands and none of the analysed fibres were recognized by the antibody specific to MHC-IIb of rats, we concluded that MHC-IIb is not expressed in large skeletal muscles of dogs. Similarly, only three major fibre types, i.e. I, IIA and IIX, were revealed according to the pattern of MHC immunohistochemistry and mATPase reaction. Type IIA fibres were more alkali- and acid-stable than type IIX fibres after mATPase histochemistry; hence, the latter corresponded to type IIDog fibres. However, beside the three major fibre types, scarce hybrid fibres co-expressing two MHC isoforms (I/IIA and IIA/IIX) were demonstrated by immunohistochemistry.
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PMID:Identification of myosin heavy chain I, IIa and IIx in canine skeletal muscles by an electrophoretic and immunoblotting study. 1611 39


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