Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P17931 (galectin-3)
 2,860 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In this study, we have investigated the ability of galectin-3, a beta-galactoside-binding animal lectin, to interact in vitro with different neural tissue-derived glycoproteins involved in cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesion. Galectin-3 interacted to varying degrees with the cell recognition molecules L1, the myelin-associated glycoprotein, and the neural cell adhesion molecule and the extracellular matrix molecules tenascin-C and tenascin-R but not with collagen type I. Binding of galectin-3 to the different glycoproteins tested was carbohydrate dependent and could be specifically inhibited by the addition of lactose and, to a lesser extent, galactose.
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PMID:Galectin-3, a beta-galactoside-binding animal lectin, binds to neural recognition molecules. 753 53

Primary olfactory neurons project axons from the olfactory neuroepithelium lining the nasal cavity to the olfactory bulb in the brain. These axons grow within large mixed bundles in the olfactory nerve and then sort out into homotypic fascicles in the nerve fiber layer of the olfactory bulb before terminating in topographically fixed glomeruli. Carbohydrates expressed on the cell surface have been implicated in axon sorting within the nerve fiber layer. We have identified two novel subpopulations of primary olfactory neurons that express distinct alpha-extended lactoseries carbohydrates recognised by monoclonal antibodies LA4 and KH10. Both carbohydrate epitopes are present on novel glycoforms of the neural cell adhesion molecule, which we have named NOC-7 and NOC-8. Primary axon fasciculation is disrupted in vitro when interactions between these cell surface lactoseries carbohydrates and their endogenous binding molecules are inhibited by the LA4 and KH10 antibodies or lactosamine sugars. We report the expression of multiple members of the lactoseries binding galectin family in the primary olfactory system. In particular, galectin-3 is expressed by ensheathing cells surrounding nerve fascicles in the submucosa and nerve fiber layer, where it may mediate cross-linking of axons. Galectin-4, -7, and -8 are expressed by the primary olfactory axons as they grow from the nasal cavity to the olfactory bulb. A putative role for NOC-7 and NOC-8 in axon fasciculation and the expression of multiple galectins in the developing olfactory nerve suggest that these molecules may be involved in the formation of this pathway, particularly in the sorting of axons as they converge towards their target.
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PMID:Expression and putative role of lactoseries carbohydrates present on NCAM in the rat primary olfactory pathway. 1522 46

The aim of the study was to evaluate the expression of galectin-3 (gal3), cytokeratin 19 (CK19), neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), and E-cadherin (Ecad) in thyroid gland tumors with follicular growth pattern with particular focus on their use in differential diagnosis. A series of 139 cases - 87 follicular adenomas (FAs), 26 follicular carcinomas (FCs), and 26 cases of the follicular variant of papillary carcinoma (FVPC) was studied. Expression of gal3 was found in 29/87 (33%) of FAs, in 13/26 (50%) of FCs, and in 24/26 (92%) of FVPCs. Expression of CK19 was found in 11/87 (13%) of FAs, in 4/26 (15%) of FCs, and in 17/26 (65%) of FVPCs. Expression of NCAM was found in 60/87 (69%) of FAs, in 20/26 (77%) of FCs, and in 7/26 (27%) FVPCs. Expression of Ecad was found in 81/87 (93%) of FAs, in 22/26 (85%) of FCs, and in 17/26 (65%) of FVPCs. The sensitivity and specificity of gal3 for malignancy were 0.70 and 0.85, of CK19 0.48 and 0.98, of NCAM 0.28 and 0.47, and of Ecad 0.48 and 0.20, respectively. A significant difference (p < 0.05) in expression of all studied markers between FVPC versus FA and FC was found, in contrast to FA and FC. Therefore, the use of gal3 and CK19 in differential diagnosis of FVPC versus FA and FC can be recommended.
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PMID:[The use of immunohistochemistry in the differential diagnosis of thyroid gland tumors with follicular growth pattern]. 1695 58

The immunohistochemical expression of galectin-3 (Gal3), cytokeratin 19 (CK19), neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), and E-cadherin (Ecad) was evaluated to assess their use in diagnostics of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). A total of 84 PTCs - 36 classical variants (cPTCs), 26 follicular variants (fPTCs), and 22 papillary microcarcinomas (mPTCs) were studied. Expression of Gal3 was found in 36/36 (100%) cPTCs, 24/26 (92%) fPTCs, and 19/22 (86%) mPTCs. CK19 expression was detected in 34/36 (94%) cPTCs, 17/26 (65%) fPTCs, and 13/22 (59%) mPTCs. Expression of NCAM was seen in 5/36 (14%) cPTCs, 7/26 (27%) fPTCs, and 9/22 (41%) mPTCs. Ecad expression was found in 23/36 (64%) cPTCs, 17/26 (65%) fPTCs, and 18/22 (82%) mPTCs. A significant difference in CK19 expression was observed between cPTC and both fPTC and mPTC (p < 0.001). Furthermore, extrathyroid tumor spread significantly correlated with both level of CK19 expression and loss of Ecad expression (p = 0.001, p = 0.04). Our findings suggest that Gal3 and CK19 are useful markers for PTC, although decreased CK19 expression in mPTC and fPTC must be considered. Furthermore, CK19 and Ecad may play a role in extrathyroid tumor spread.
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PMID:Expression of galectin-3, cytokeratin 19, neural cell adhesion molecule and E-cadhedrin in certain variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma. 1906 48

Chordoma originates from embryonic notochordal remnants in the midline along the spinal axis and is characterized by cords and lobules of neoplastic cells arranged within myxoid matrix. Because of histologic similarities with myxoid matrix and overlapping immunohistochemical profile, chondrosarcoma, myxopapillary ependymoma, and chordoid meningioma enter in the histologic differential diagnosis at this site. Therefore, the judicious use of a panel of selected immunostains is unquestionably helpful in diagnostically challenging cases. To find useful immunohistochemical markers for assisting in differential diagnosis between chordoma and other tumors with chordoid morphology, an immunohistochemical study using D2-40, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), pan-cytokeratin (panCK), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), S-100 protein, galectin-3, neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), beta-catenin, E-cadherin, and carcinoembryonic antigen was performed on 14 chordomas, 7 chondrosarcomas, 9 myxopapillary ependymomas, and 4 chordoid meningiomas. Chordoma typically showed positive for EMA and panCK and negative for D2-40 and GFAP; whereas chondrosarcoma revealed positive for D2-40, and negative for EMA, panCK, and GFAP; myxopapillary ependymoma positive for GFAP and negative for EMA; and chordoid meningioma positive for EMA, and negative for panCK and GFAP. On the basis of our immunohistochemical study, a panel of D2-40, EMA, panCK, and GFAP allowed the correct recognition of all tumors examined. Other immunohistochemical markers including S-100 protein, galectin-3, NCAM, beta-catenin, E-cadherin, and carcinoembryonic antigen were of little value in differential diagnosis. In summary, the best immunohistochemical markers useful for the evaluation of tumors with chordoid morphology were D2-40, EMA, cytokeratin, and GFAP. D2-40 was a true chondroid marker to be useful for the differential diagnosis with chordoma.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical comparison of chordoma with chondrosarcoma, myxopapillary ependymoma, and chordoid meningioma. 1952 Dec 76