Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P17931 (galectin-3)
 2,860 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty cases of histiocytic sarcoma in 15 female and five male (384 to 722 days of age) hybrid F1 (C57BL/6 x BALB/c) or F2 (F1 x F1) mice were studied for expression of mononuclear phagocyte and other antigens. Histiocytic sarcomas were found most often in liver, uterus, spleen, and lung. Tissues fixed in Bouin's fluid provided preservation of antigen immunoreactivity, using avidin biotin peroxidase complex immunohistochemistry, with monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. The mononuclear phagocyte antigens, lysozyme and Mac-2 (a galactose-specific lectin that binds IgE), were found in 60-70% of the cases. The receptor for the macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1), c-fms, was expressed in 2/20 (10%) of the cases. Mouse immunoglobulins were not found in histiocytic sarcoma cells. In uterine histiocytic sarcomas, previously reported as Schwannomas because of their histologic appearance, S-100 protein was not expressed by tumor cells, although they usually expressed Mac-2 and lysozyme. Hyaline droplets were found in the renal tubules of only 2/19 cases. Our studies provide evidence that murine histiocytic sarcoma expresses antigens (Mac-2, lysozyme, c-fms) found in cells of the mononuclear phagocyte series, in contrast to the B-cell origin of many human histiocytic tumors.
 ...
PMID:Expression of mononuclear phagocyte antigens in histiocytic sarcoma of mice. 811 50

Galectin-3 (gal-3) is a 31 kDa beta-galactoside-binding lectin that is immunohistochemically expressed in macrophages, lymphocytes, and endothelial cells, and also in some neoplastic cells. Gal-3's expression in and significance to brain tumors has not been fully addressed. Here, we investigated its immunohistochemical expression in 409 cases of surgically resected primary brain tumors, including various glioneuronal tumors, pituitary adenomas, meningiomas and Schwannomas, among others. In normal brain tissues, gal-3 was robustly expressed in normal astrocytes, endothelial cells and macrophages. It showed consistent and diffuse positivity in 100% of the pilocytic astrocytomas, pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas (PXA), Schwannomas, meningiomas, capillary hemangioblastomas, as well as in ependymomas, but it was completely negative in the diffuse astrocytomas, anaplastic astrocytomas, both low- and high-grades of the oligodendrogliomas, central neurocytomas, and medulloblastomas. Definitely positive but heterogeneous expression was found in various tumors including subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGA), classic glioblastoma multiforme, anaplastic oligoastrocytomas, CNS primitive neuroectodermal tumors (CNS PNETs), and hemangiopericytomas. Eighty percent of small cell glioblstomas were completely negative, but 20% showed heterogeneous positivity for gal-3. Focal positivity for gal-3 was also found in dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors (DNTs) and gangliogliomas, in which the positive cells were the astrocytic component. On the basis of our immunohistochemical data in conjunction with previous reports, we therefore conclude that gal-3 is differentially expressed in various brain tumors, and thereby, is a helpful biomarker in making differential diagnoses, especially in cases where a morphological diagnosis is controversial.
 ...
PMID:Galectin-3: a useful biomarker for differential diagnosis of brain tumors. 1838 11

Spindle cell oncocytoma (SCO) of the pituitary gland is a relatively recently established, very rare subtype of adenohypophysis tumours that was introduced as a distinct clinicopathological entity in the fourth edition of WHO classification of the central nervous system tumours (2007). It is non-endocrine neoplasm of the anterior pituitary that occurs in adults and usually follows a benign clinical course, corresponding to WHO grade I. Up to now, pituitary SCO have been reported occasionally and only 14 cases of SCO have been documented in the literature. Because of their rarity, the pathogenesis and natural history of these tumours have not been fully characterized. We report two additional cases of SCO occurring in females aged 63 years (Case 1) and 65 years (Case 2), who presented with pan-hypopituitarism, headache and visual field defect. In both cases, the magnetic resonance imaging showed solid sellar mass of moderate size with suprasellar extension. The clinical and radiological features suggested non-functioning pituitary macroadenomas without evidence of invasive growth. One patient presented with tumour recurrence 3 years after undergoing the previous surgical removal of tumour, which was initially misdiagnosed as schwannoma. The first tumour was removed by transsphenoidal surgery and the second one by frontal craniotomy. Histologically and immunohistochemically, both tumours displayed the features typical for SCO of the pituitary. They were composed of interwoven fascicles of spindle cells exhibiting abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm of oncocytic or granular appearance. Mitoses were rarely observed and necrosis was absent. In one case, the advanced lymphocytic infliltration was observed within neoplastic tissue. The tumour cells exhibited immunoreactivity for S-100 protein, galectin-3, vimentin and epithelial membrane antigen but they were negative for GFAP, anterior pituitary neuroendocrine markers (prolactin, growth hormone, TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH), chromogranin, synaptophysin, cytokeratin CK (AE1/AE3), smooth muscle actin, desmin, CD34 and CD68. MIB1 labeling index did not exceed 10%. Ultrastructurally, the tumour cells were rich in mitochondria with lamellar cristae. Moreover, in Case 2 some tumour cells showed a number of giant mitochondria with severely destructed internal matrix. Spindle cell oncocytoma of the anterior pituitary is often misdiagnosed entity of uncertain histogenesis. It should be considered in the differential diagnosis of various sellar-region lesions of oncocytic morphology.
 ...
PMID:Spindle cell oncocytoma of the adenohypophysis - a clinicopathological and ultrastructural study of two cases. 2092 1