Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Biotin deficiency in Aspergillus nidulans resulted in a 70% increase of the protein content and increased levels of free and bound aspartate, glutamate, serine, leucine and methionine. Likewise, the activities of NADP+ glutamate dehydrogenase, NAD+ gluatmate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were significantly increased. The total RNA content increased while the DNA content was unaffected. The rRNA/tRNA ratio remained higher in biotin-deficient cells. Supplementation of glutamate, aspartate, serine, leucine and methionine to the culture medium raised the rRNA/tRNA ratio, and the difference observed in the qualitative and the quantitative patterns of protein and dry cell mass between normal and biotin-deficient cultures was abolished.
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PMID:Factors affecting protein synthesis during biotin deficiency in Aspergillus nidulans. 4 77

RNA, DNA, total protein, transketolase (TK), alanine aminotransferase (AlAT), aspartate aminotransferase (AsAT), methionyl-tRNA (met-tRNA)- and cysteinyl-tRNA (cys-tRNA)-synthetases in the thymus and spleen of 46 intact rats exposed to hypokinesia and vitamin B1 deficiency were measured. It was found that 15-day hypokinesia induced a significant decrease of the thymus and spleen weight and an increase of AlAT in the thymus. Vitamin B1 deficiency (hydroxy thiamine in drinking water at a dose of 2 mg/kg body weight for 15 days) led to a substantial decrease of TK in blood, AlAT and AsAT in the spleen; it diminished AsAT and increased AlAT in the thymus. Combined exposure to hypokinesia and vitamin B1 deficiency caused a more marked decrease of the weight of lymph organs, a significant loss of body weight, an increase of DNA in the thymus and spleen, and an increase of TK, met-tRNA-synthetase and AlAT in the thymus. These results suggest that vitamin B1 deficiency aggravates disorders in protein and nucleic acid metabolism in the lymph organs of hypokinetic animals.
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PMID:[Several indicators of protein and nucleic acid metabolism in lymphoid organs of rats exposed to hypokinesia and vitamin B1 deficiency]. 857 40

A 40-year-old Chinese-American woman with breast carcinoma metastatic to her lungs presented with a 3-month history of erosions on her inner thighs (Figure 1) and medial left shoulder. Faint livedo reticularis was evident on her legs as well. She had difficulty in walking and raising her shoulders. Her cutaneous examination was also notable for cuticular erythema (Figure 2) and mild periorbital erythema and edema. She had no systemic or rheumatologic complaints other than some difficulty in swallowing. Her blood chemistry values were notable for a creatinine kinase of 564 IU/L (5-200 IU/L), alanine aminotransferase 161 U/L (0-40 U/L) and aspartate aminotransferase 93 U/L (0-40 U/L), and an antinuclear antibody titer of 1:2560. Other blood chemistries and antibody serologies (anti-Jo-1, anti-Mi-2 and other anti-tRNA synthetase, anti-Ro/SSA, anti-U1RNP, anti-PM/Scl, and anti-Ku) were within normal limits. A biopsy specimen was obtained from an area of intact skin close to a right thigh ulceration that showed subtle vacuolar alteration at the dermo-epidermal junction with occasional necrotic keratinocyte (Figure 3). Melanophages and telangiectases were present. Within the subcutis there was fibrin deposition and neutrophils. A diagnosis of dermatomyositis was made. The patient received oral prednisone 20 mg three times a day, and her ulcerations resolved. Her creatinine kinase, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase values returned to normal over the course of 3 weeks, but her antinuclear antibody was unchanged. Radiographic studies concurrently noted that her breast cancer had recurred in her lungs; plans were made to treat her with chemotherapy. The patient was lost to close follow-up, but it was learned that her erosions had reoccurred while her prednisone was tapered and resolved when her dosage of prednisone was increased.
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PMID:Ulcerative paraneoplastic dermatomyositis secondary to metastatic breast cancer. 1660 44

Methanococcus maripaludis and Methanocaldococcus jannaschii produce cysteine for protein synthesis using a tRNA-dependent pathway. These methanogens charge tRNA(Cys) with l-phosphoserine, which is also an intermediate in the predicted pathways for serine and cystathionine biosynthesis. To establish the mode of phosphoserine production in Methanococcales, cell extracts of M. maripaludis were shown to have phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase and phosphoserine aminotransferase activities. The heterologously expressed and purified phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase from M. maripaludis had enzymological properties similar to those of its bacterial homologs but was poorly inhibited by serine. While bacterial enzymes are inhibited by micromolar concentrations of serine bound to an allosteric site, the low sensitivity of the archaeal protein to serine is consistent with phosphoserine's position as a branch point in several pathways. A broad-specificity class V aspartate aminotransferase from M. jannaschii converted the phosphohydroxypyruvate product to phosphoserine. This enzyme catalyzed the transamination of aspartate, glutamate, phosphoserine, alanine, and cysteate. The M. maripaludis homolog complemented a serC mutation in the Escherichia coli phosphoserine aminotransferase. All methanogenic archaea apparently share this pathway, providing sufficient phosphoserine for the tRNA-dependent cysteine biosynthetic pathway.
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PMID:Biosynthesis of phosphoserine in the Methanococcales. 1707 63