Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P17174 (aspartate aminotransferase)
 14,872 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The activities of lactate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, beta-galactosidase, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, leucine aminopeptidase, gamma-glutamyltransferase and alkaline phosphatase in renal tissue and urine of rats treated with sodium tetrathionate were determined. A decrease of enzyme activities in renal tissue and an increase in urine were observed. The largest decrease in the glutamate dehydrogenase of renal tissue amounted to 0.7 times the control value, and was correlated with an appropriate increase in the urine. Increases in urinary enzyme activity were especially marked for beta-galactosidase and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (3 and 6 times the control values, respectively). The increase in enzyme activities was not accompanied by a corresponding change in the urinary protein. Characterization of urinary lactate dehydrogenase and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase isoenzymes also indicates the renal origin of these enzymes. The abnormally high enzyme activities of the urine correlated with the nature and degree of renal damage shown by electron microscopy.
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PMID:Effect of sodium tetrathionate on the activities of some enzymes in kidney and urine. 611 89

Interspecific F1 hybrids of Peromyscus maniculatus (deermice) and P. polionotus (oldfield mice) were backcrossed to P. maniculatus. Backcross progeny were electrophoretically typed for 11 variant protein markers: albumin, transferrin, leucine aminopeptidase, amylase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, nucleoside phosphorylase, dipeptidase, tripeptidase, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, alcohol dehydrogenase, and sorbitol dehydrogenase. Genetic variation for each protein was attributed to a single autosomal locus. The alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh), salivary amylase (Amy), and albumin (Alb) loci appeared to be linked in the sequence of Adh-11.5 cM-Amy-33.3 cM-Alb. The tripeptidase locus, Pep-2, also may be loosely linked to Alb in this group. Variants at all other loci assorted independently. These and other known linkage relationships in Peromyscus correspond closely to those of the house mouse, Mus musculus. The available evidence in Peromyscus further supports the concept of linkage conservation by natural selection.
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PMID:Linkage relationships among eleven biochemical loci in Peromyscus. 620 Jan 3

We studied the effects on 25 analytes of duration of contact of serum with non-anticoagulated blood and of temperature. Serum was separated after blood was allowed to stand, for 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 24, or 48 h at 4, 23, or 30 degrees C. Results obtained for bilirubin, albumin, zinc sulfate turbidity, thymol turbidity, cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8), alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1), leucine aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.1), amylase (EC 3.2.1.2), total cholesterol, triglycerides, beta-lipoprotein, serum urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid, and gamma-glutamyltransferase (EC 2.3.2.2) were not influenced by storage at 4, 24, or 30 degrees C for as long as 48 h. Negligible differences were seen for potassium in sera in contact with cells as long as 24 h at 23 degrees C and for inorganic phosphorus after 48 h at 4 degrees C. However, at 4 degrees C we noted an increase at 8 h, a slight decrease at 30 degrees C. Statistically significant changes were seen for total protein and calcium after 48 h at 30 degrees C; for aspartate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.1), and alanine aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.2), between 8 and 24 h at 23 degrees C and as soon as 6 h at 30 degrees C; for lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27) after 8 h at 30 degrees C and between 8 and 24 h at 23 degrees C; for glucose at 24, 4, or 2 h of storage at 4, 23, or 30 degrees C, respectively; for inorganic phosphorus after 48 h at 23 degrees C or 8 h at 30 degrees C; for potassium after 4 h at 4 degrees C or 24 h at 30 degrees C; and for sodium after 48 h at 4 degrees C or 6 h at 23 or 30 degrees C.
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PMID:Serum-constituents analyses: effect of duration and temperature of storage of clotted blood. 744 20

The effects of N-benzyl-D-glucamine dithiocarbamate (BGD), diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC), and N-p-hydroxymethylbenzyl-D-glucamine dithiocarbamate (HBGD) on the enzymatic activities in mice were studied. The mice were given i.v. injections of these chelating agents (1 mmol/kg) and 3 h later the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (gamma-GTP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), and cholinesterase (ChE) in the liver, kidney, and blood were determined. These enzymatic activities were little changed by treatment with these chelating agents. Cadmium (Cd) administration markedly decreased the activities of AST and ALT in the liver and kidney and greatly increased these enzymatic activities in blood. The changes in the enzymatic activities by treatment with Cd were prevented by injection of BGD (1 mmol/kg). These results indicate that BGD, DDTC, and HBGD were not toxic to the liver or kidney of mice and that BGD treatment protected against the acute hepatic and renal toxicity induced by Cd.
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PMID:Effects of dithiocarbamates and cadmium on the enzymatic activities in liver, kidney and blood of mice. 762 88

A prospective study of 187 patients with jaundice and 33 patients with unjaundiced cholestasis was carried out to evaluate the value of serum bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), gammaglutamyl transferase (GGT), and leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) in the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant diseases causing jaundice and/or cholestasis. In the patients with malignant disease (n = 60), the mean serum bilirubin and ALP concentrations were significantly higher (p < 0.001) than in the patients with benign disease (n = 160). Serum LAP, ASAT, ALAT, or GGT levels did not show any significant differences. A stepwise discriminant analysis was carried out to evaluate the value of laboratory tests in predicting malignancy. The discrimination function is DF = bilirubin x 0.71 + ALP x 0.58 + ASAT x -0.24 + ALAT x 0.18 + LAP x 0.08 + GGT x -0.22. When the discriminant function was considered as a diagnostic score (DS), the sensitivity of it in detecting malignancy was 58% with a specificity of 89% and an efficiency of 81%. The DS of serum bilirubin and ALP reached the sensitivity of 61% with a 87% specificity and an efficiency of 79%. The post-test probability of malignant disease calculated by in this test combination was 69%. The LR+ was 4.8 and LR- 0.44. In conclusion, serum bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase seem to be the most potential tests of these laboratory tests in distinguishing benign and malignant causes of jaundice and/or cholestasis, high levels being suggestive of malignant disease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Value of serum alkaline phosphatase, aminotransferases, gamma-glutamyl transferase, leucine aminopeptidase, and bilirubin in the distinction between benign and malignant diseases causing jaundice and cholestasis: results from a prospective study. 809 35

Seeds of the weed Datura ferox are frequent contaminants of raw materials used for animal feed. In this study a mixture of scopolamine and hyoscyamine (98:2), the 2 main alkaloids of Datura ferox seeds, was incorporated at 4 total alkaloid levels (1.5, 15, 75 or 150 mg/kg feed) into a control diet fed to 100 egg-laying hens for 3 mo. Alkaloid doses of 150 mg/kg feed reduced egg production for the first 5-6 w of feeding, whereas lower doses had no effect. Egg weight, eggshell thickness and body weight of hens were unaffected at all doses. Doses of 150 mg/kg feed produced significant increases in the cardiac rate of hens after 5 w. Breathing frequency at all doses was unaffected. Determination of plasma aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and leucine aminopeptidase activities, as well as autopsy and histological examinations, revealed no obvious alkaloid-related toxic effects. It was concluded that a total alkaloid dose as high as 75 mg/kg feed can be safely administered to egg-laying hens.
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PMID:The influence of Datura ferox alkaloids on egg-laying hens. 819 22

Seeds of the weed Datura ferox are frequent contaminants of raw materials used for animal feed. These seeds produce various toxic effects and contain mainly the alkaloids scopolamine and hyoscyamine. In this 3-month toxicity study, a mixture of scopolamine and hyoscyamine (98:2) was incorporated at four total alkaloid levels (1.5, 15, 75 or 150 mg/kg feed) into a control diet fed to 100 broilers. Alkaloid feeding caused significant reductions in the body weight gain of birds, especially of those fed a dose of 150 mg alkaloid/kg feed. Growth-retarding effects, however, were transient, as no changes in body weight gain were noted after 52 days of alkaloid feeding. Alkaloid-treated broilers showed no significant differences from controls with respect to the cardiac rate and breathing frequency nor in relation to plasma aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities. In contrast, plasma leucine aminopeptidase activity was significantly reduced after 3 months in all alkaloid-fed birds. Autopsy and histological examination of tissues by light and electron microscopy revealed no pathological changes associated with alkaloid feeding. Broilers appeared generally healthy and behaved normally throughout. These data should be considered in the formulation of new, improved regulations defining the maximum allowable alkaloid content of D. ferox seeds contaminating raw materials destined for use as broiler feed.
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PMID:Toxicity study of the main alkaloids of Datura ferox in broilers. 825 13

Multilocus isozyme genotypic composition for aspartate aminotransferase (AAT), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) was studied for Capsella in the source continent, Europe (9000 plants from 593 populations), and in the colonized continent, North America (2700 plants from 88 populations). North America was depauperate in the number of genotypes (by approximately 50%), but in terms of frequencies, a few genotypes were common and shared by both continents. Although some, very rare, genotypes were, however, unique for North America, our data provided no evidence to indicate that the introduced gene pools were reconstructed on a multilocus genetic basis after introduction. Instead, they argued for a considerable number of independent introduction events. Geographical distribution patterns of multilocus genotypes in Europe and North America were pronounced and enabled us to trace the colonization history of Californian Capsella back to Spanish ancestral populations and those of temperate North America back to temperate European gene pools. A random-block field experiment with 14 Californian populations from different climatic regions revealed that variation patterns of quantitative traits reflect ecotypic variation, and the ecological amplitude of Capsella in North America is similar to that in Europe, which can be traced back to the introduction of preadapted genotypes. It appears that certain multilocus isozyme genotypes are associated with certain ecotypes. The variable European gene pool of Capsella was essentially introduced into North America without major genetic changes.
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PMID:Colonization history and introduction dynamics of capsella bursa-pastoris (Brassicaceae) in north america: isozymes and quantitative traits 1058 30

This is, to our knowledge, the first report of papillary adenocarcinoma originating in the subvesical bile duct. A 77-year-old man was referred to our hospital for further evaluation of liver dysfunction. Serum liver function test results on admission included: aspartate aminotransferase, 99 IU/l; alanine aminotransferase, 149 IU/l; lactate dehydrogenase, 438 IU/l; alkaline phosphatase, 992 IU/l; leucine aminopeptidase, 320 IU/l; and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, 593 IU/l. Serum carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 value was high (80 U/ml). Abdominal ultrasonogram, computed tomographic scan, and percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram demonstrated a mass in the common hepatic duct, and dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts. A laparotomy was performed on May 14, 1997. The tumor originated in the dilated subvesical duct that joined the common hepatic duct, and projected into the common hepatic duct. The patient underwent cholecystectomy, resection of the subvesical duct and the common hepatic duct, dissection of regional pericholedochal lymph nodes, and Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy. The resected tumor presented macroscopically as a papillary mass measuring 4.0 x 2.0 cm. The pathological diagnosis was papillary adenocarcinoma. The immunostaining positivity rates for MIB-1 and p53 protein were 49.6% and 33.8%, respectively.
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PMID:Papillary adenocarcinoma of the subvesical duct. 1170 63

A genetic approach was cited for species detection of the ameba genus Naegleria using allozyme electrophoresis to characterize the trophozoite stage of three strains of Naegleria fowleri isolated from patients with primary amebic meningoencephalitis, five thermophilic (45 degrees C) Naegleria spp isolated from natural water sources in the Taling Chan district, and a reference control strain, Naegleria fowleri CDC VO 3081. Isoenzymes of ameba whole-cell extracts were analyzed by vertical polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis to determine whether there was any correlation between different strains of the ameba. The results showed that five out of fifteen enzymes; aldehyde oxidase (ALDOX), aldolase (ALD), a-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (a-GPDH), xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH), and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), were undetectable in the pathogenic strains, while the other enzymes; esterase (EST), fumerase (FUM), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH), glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI), isocitate dehydrogenase (IDH), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), malic enzyme (ME), glucose phosphomutase (GPM), and malate dehydrogenase (MDH), were detected. Naegleria fowleri strains were biochemically the most homogeneous. They showed intraspecific isoenzyme variation that allowed them to be grouped. In contrast, the allozyme patterns (EST 1-7, IDH) of Naegleria spp isolated from the environment showed interspecific isoenzyme variations from the pathogenic Naegleria strain. In conclusion, this study recognized the zymograms of the Naegleria fowleri strains were heterogenically different from the thermophilic 45 degrees C Naegleria spp isolated from the environment.
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PMID:Zymogram patterns of Naegleria spp isolated from natural water sources in Taling Chan district, Bangkok. 1569 Nov 24


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